清脂胶囊对大鼠血液生化和器官毒性作用的影响

目的确定清脂胶囊对受试物作用的靶器官和生化毒性作用.方法以1、5、10g/kg.b.w. 清脂胶囊对大鼠连续经口给样30天,作血常规、血液生化和组织器官病理检查.结果除大鼠体重下降,血总胆固醇、尿素氮、肌酐下降,表明清脂胶囊具有减肥去脂功能.其它血常规检查基本正常,对肝、肾功能无损害作用,也不引起心、肝、肾、脾、睾丸的实质性改变.结论提示清脂胶囊毒性较低,可安全服用.     

调脂保肝胶囊防治大鼠脂肪肝的实验研究

目的:研究调脂保肝胶囊对大鼠脂肪肝的防治作用及其机制。方法:采用复合方式建立大鼠脂肪肝模型,通过肉眼、病理学检查、血液生化等检测,观察调脂保肝胶囊对脂肪肝大鼠的一般情况、肝脏指数(肝体比)、肝脏病理改变(肉眼大体外观观察、H-E染色病理学检查分析)、12项生化指标等的影响。结果:调脂保肝胶囊能降低脂肪肝模型大鼠的肝脏指数(P<0.01);明显改善肝脏病理情况,降低肝细胞内的脂肪含量,减轻肝脏的脂肪变性,有一定的保肝作用;降低血清和肝组织中MDA含量(P<0.05);增加血清和肝组织中SOD活力(P<0.05);降低血清中TC和LDL含量(P<0.05…     

调脂胶囊对高脂血症大鼠肝脏LDLR mRNA表达的影响

目的 观察调脂胶囊对高脂血症大鼠肝脏低密度脂蛋白受体基因(LDLR mRNA)表达的影响,探讨其对高脂血症的防治作用及可能作用机制.方法 选用体重(170±20)g健康雄性SD大鼠70只,随机分为7组,每组10只,即空白对照组、高脂模型组、调脂胶囊高剂量组、调脂胶囊中剂量组、调脂胶囊低剂量组、辛伐他汀组、脂必妥组.高脂饲料饲喂建立高脂血症动物模型,造模同时各组动物给予相应的药物灌胃,时间为10周,RT-PCR法检测大鼠肝脏LDLR mRNA的表达.结果 模型组大鼠肝脏LDLR mRNA相对含量显著低于空白对照组(P<0.01);调脂胶囊高剂量组、辛伐他汀组和脂必妥组肝脏LDLR mRNA相对含量明显高于模型组(P<0.01);与模型组比较,调脂胶囊中、低剂量组能显著升高肝脏LDLR mRNA相对含量(P<0.05).结论 调脂胶囊可明显增强高脂血症大鼠肝LDLR mRNA表达,从而加快血中低密度脂蛋白的清除,起到调控血脂水平的作用.     

厚朴酚对高脂饮食性肥胖大鼠体重及胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的 观察厚朴酚对高脂饮食性肥胖大鼠体重和血清生化指标的影响,并探讨其机制.方法 将SD大鼠随机分成4组:对照组,高脂组和厚朴酚高、低二个剂量组.每天定时称量食水、灌胃,每周测体重,第8周末各组大鼠禁食12 hA股动脉取血测定血清生化指标.结果 低剂量厚朴酚组从第4周开始体重比高脂组显著降低(P＜0.05),高、低剂量厚朴酚组的胰岛素、游离脂肪酸、丙二醛以及低剂量组的血糖、三酰甘油比高脂组都显著下降(P＜0.05).结论 厚朴酚能降低高脂饮食性肥胖大鼠的体重,并对胰岛素抵抗和糖脂代谢紊乱等有一定的改善作用.     

肝毒清颗粒对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的防治作用

目的 :观察肝毒清颗粒的抗纤维化作用。方法 :将Wistar雄性大鼠随机分成 6组 ,即正常对照组、模型组、肝毒清大、中、小剂量组和乙肝宁阳性组 ,采用四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化模型。于造模第 2个月始给予治疗药物。实验持续 3月后将大鼠处死取血作肝功检查及取肝组织做病理检查。结果 :肝毒清能降低AST ,升高TP、ALB ,与模型组比较 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;减轻肝脂肪变性、减少纤维组织增生、促进肝细胞再生。结论 :肝毒清对大鼠肝纤维化有明显防治作用     

谷参肠安胶囊长期毒性试验

本文报告谷参肠安胶囊大鼠长期毒性试验,结果表明,谷参肠安胶囊对动物的一般状况,体重增长、外周血象、肝肾功能及病理组织学检查等未见明显毒性。     

海带多糖在高脂血症大鼠中的降血脂和抗氧化作用

目的 探讨海带多糖对高脂血症大鼠血脂的调节作用机制. 方法 健康雌性Wistar大鼠32只,应用高脂饲料喂养方法建立高脂血症动物模型,海带多糖干预治疗.血生化法检测大鼠血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平,硝酸还原酶法检测血清和肝组织一氧化氮(NO)含量,黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定血清和肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,酶联免疫吸附法检测血清和肝组织中氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)水平,免疫组织化学技术检测肝细胞SOD和诱导性一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)表达. 结果 海带多糖治疗后,大鼠血清TG、TC和LDL水平较模型组显著下降,而HDL显著升高(P<0.05).肝组织匀浆ox-LDL和NO水平较模型组显著降低,而SOD活性显著升高.肝细胞iNOS表达较模型组显著降低,SOD表达显著增强(P<0.05). 结论 海带多糖可通过抗氧化机制而发挥调节血脂水平的作用.     

丹芍化纤胶囊对肝纤维化大鼠肝脏Smads分子表达的影响

目的: 探讨丹芍化纤胶囊对大鼠实验性肝纤维化Smad2/3、Smad4和Smad7表达的影响,从而评价Smad分子作为抗纤维化靶点的应用价值。方法: 雄性Wistar大鼠48只分为正常组(n=16)、肝纤维化模型组(n=16)、丹芍化纤胶囊治疗组(n=16),除正常组外,其余采用CCl₄、饮酒、高脂低蛋白饮食等复合病因刺激制备肝纤维化动物模型8周,然后治疗组予以丹芍化纤胶囊(1 g/kg)灌胃治疗8周。实验结束后测定肝脏指数、血清透明质酸(HA)及谷丙转氨酶(ALT),光镜下观察肝组织纤维化程度,检测尿羟脯氨酸(Hyp)排出量,同时用免疫组化SABC法、免疫印迹(Western blotting)和实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR) 法检测肝组织中Smad2/3、Smad4和Smad7的蛋白及mRNA的表达。结果: 治疗组与肝纤维化模型组比较,肝脏指数、血清HA及ALT显著下降,肝纤维化程度显著减轻,尿Hyp排出明显增加。治疗组肝组织中Smad7的蛋白和mRNA的表达水平与肝纤维化模型组相比均显著增高,而Smad2/3、Smad4的蛋白表达与肝纤维化模型组相比则明显降低,但mRNA水平仅轻度下降,与肝纤维化模型组比较差异不显著。结论: 中药丹芍化纤胶囊治疗大鼠肝纤维化可能主要是通过调节Smad7的基因转录和蛋白质翻译,从而发挥其反馈性抑制TGF-β/Smad促纤维化信号转导作用,这可能是丹芍化纤胶囊抗肝纤维化的作用机制之一;Smad7可能是丹芍化纤胶囊作用的一个药物靶点。     

鱼油对大鼠细胞膜脂流动性的影响

研究了鱼油对脓毒症大鼠细胞膜脂流动性的影响。结果，正常大鼠肝、心、脾、肺、肾、脑、胸大肌及红细胞膜脂的流动性明显不同。脓毒症组大鼠肝、肺和红细胞膜脂的流动性明显降低（ｐ〈０．０５），肝细胞膜脂相变温度升高，当预先给脓毒症大服用４周鱼油时，肝、肺、肾、脑及红细胞膜的流动性明显增加（Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．０５），肝细胞膜脂相变温度降低。提示鱼油有降低炎症大鼠膜脂相变温度，改善膜脂流动状态的作用，推测鱼     

肝脏原发性巨大神经内分泌癌1例及文献复习

患者男,48岁,因腹胀2个月入院,无腹痛、恶心、呕吐,无发酸、烧心、黄疸.体检:巩膜无黄染,心肺听诊无异常;腹平软,上腹部剑突下可触及一大小10 cm×10 cm×8 cm包块,质硬,无压痛,脾未触及,无转移性浊音;肝功能检查正常;患者一般情况尚可,神志清,饮食睡眠可,大小便无异常;各项病原学检查均呈阴性;各项血生化及血常规检查基本正常.AFP＜20 μg/l,CEA 13.2 μg/ml.CT示肝占位,肝癌可能性大.初步诊断:肝脏肿瘤.随行肝肿瘤及肝左叶切除.     

医用几丁糖大鼠亚慢性全身毒性的研究

医用几丁糖是新型医用高分子材料,通过亚慢性毒性研究评价其生物学安全性。SD大鼠40只,随机分为对照组和试验组,每周腹腔注射2次,连续13周。试验期间每周测量体重和摄食量,每日进行临床观察。试验结束进行血液学、血清生化学和30个器官组织病理组织学检查。对照组和试验组大鼠均无动物死亡,一般症状观察、摄食量、脏器比重、血液学、血液生化学、大体形态及组织结构均未见异常。试验组大鼠注射后体重短暂降低。生物学检测结果均在可接受范围内。医用几丁糖有无明显毒性反应,具有良好的生物学安全性。     

心康胶囊对大鼠血液流变性及实验性微循环障碍的影响

心康胶囊对大鼠血液流变性及实验性微循环障碍的影响刘剑刚＊许秀森＊季颖＊谢雁鸣＊心康胶囊是以温阳活血为治则，由附子、土鳖虫、细辛、桂枝、元胡等中药配制而成的中药复方制剂［１］，其临床用于治疗阴虚血瘀证缓慢性心律失常有较好的临床疗效。为进一步探讨该药的活...     

Subacute toxicity study of the methanolic seed extract of Buchholzia coriacea (Capparaceae) in rats

The methanol extract of Buchholzia coriacea seed has shown some anti-trypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. The acute toxicity test of this extract showed no signs of toxicity. This present study was designed to assess its sub-acute toxicity in rats. Rats of both sexes were dosed daily with 125, 250 and 500?mg/kg body weight of the extract by oral gavage for 28?days. Dosing with the extract showed no significant effect on body weights. The temperatures of extract-treated rats were significantly (p?<?0.05) higher during the first and last weeks of the experiment. There were also significant reductions (p?<?0.05) of red and white blood cell counts, packed cell volumes and haemoglobin concentrations in the extract-treated animals. Blood biochemistry revealed no significant changes. On necropsy, pale mucous membranes, bile stains on spleen, congestion of the lungs and caudal lobes of the liver were evident in the extract-treated rats. There were significant (p?<?0.05) reductions in relative liver weights of the extract-treated male rats. Twenty-eight days dosing of rats with the methanol extract of B. coriacea seed caused signs of toxicity at the tested doses.     

Degeneration of hippocampal fibers and spatial memory deficit in the aged rat

Old and young Fisher 344 rats were compared for their ability to learn a delayed alternation task. The old animals displayed significant impairment of alternation learning, and were slower than the young animals. The brains of these animals were examined using a silver degeneration stain, and among old rats there was conspicuous degeneration. The greatest density of degenerating fibers was seen in the hippocampus and in anatomically related tracts, but there was substantial fiber staining in the corpus callosum, anterior commissure, and internal capsule. Examination of the young brains revealed only an occasional fiber. There were no signs of cortical atrophy in the old animals. The histopathology of the aged animals' hippocampus and fiber tracts supports the possibility that the delayed alternation impairment shown by these animals was a result of age related degenerative changes.     

Artesunate Inhibits Renal Ischemia Reperfusion-Stimulated Lung Inflammation in Rats by Activating HO-1 Pathway

Artesunate (AS), a semi-synthetic derivative of Artemisia, has been shown to exert a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions. However, the protective functions of AS on renal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIR)-stimulated lung inflammation remain unclear. In this research, acute lung injury (ALI) was stimulated by renal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIR). AS (15 mg/kg) was intraperitoneal administrated to rat 1 h before RIR stimulation. Serum and pulmonary NO, MDA, IL-6, MIP-2, and PGE₂ levels, arterial blood gas and biochemistry, lung wet/dry weight ratio and MPO activity, total cell number and protein concentration in BALF, tissue histology, and NF-κB expression were determined. The results indicated that serum and pulmonary NO, MDA, IL-6, MIP-2, and PGE₂ levels, lung wet/dry weight ratio and MPO activity, total cell number, and protein concentration in BALF enhanced after RIR stimulation. These alterations were mitigated by AS. AS attenuated lung wet/dry weight ratio and MPO activity, total cell number, and protein concentration in BALF. AS attenuated RIR-stimulated pulmonary NF-κB phosphorylation. In addition, these previously mentioned actions of AS were antagonized by suppressing HO-1 pathway. However, RIR-stimulated arterial blood gas and biochemistry and lung histopathology were also attenuated by AS. In summary, AS inhibited RIR-stimulated lung inflammation by activating HO-1 pathway.     

Evaluation of the effects of methanol leaf extract of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Palisota hirsuta</Emphasis> on the biochemical and hematological parameters of rats

The effects of 28-day oral administration of the methanol leaf extract of Palisota hirsuta (MLEPH) on biochemical, hematological parameters, and relative organ weights (ROWs) in albino rats were investigated. There were no significant (p?>?0.05) variations in the ROW of the heart, kidney, spleen, and liver on days 14 and 28 in all the rats given the different doses of MLEPH. The hematology showed that there were no significant (p?>?0.05) alterations of the packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration, RBC count, total white blood cell (tWBC), and differential WBC counts by MLEPH at 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg when compared with control. The serum biochemistry also revealed no significant (p?>?0.05) variations in the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, total bilirubin, and creatinine when the groups that received the extract at the different doses were compared with the control. Therefore, MLEPH did not cause significant toxicity after 28 days of oral administration.     

不同剂量骨蚀宁胶囊对兔激素性股骨头坏死微循环的影响

背景：骨蚀宁胶囊方是安徽中医学院丁锷教授在长期治疗激素诱导股骨头缺血性坏死的临床实践中,根据“结者散之,留者攻之”,“损其有余,补其不足”和“活血、祛瘀、生新”等理论,治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的有效方剂。 目的：观察骨蚀宁胶囊对激素性股骨头坏死模型兔微循环的影响。 方法：随机选取6只新西兰大白兔为正常组,另外90只新西兰大白利用大肠杆菌内毒素加甲强龙的方法成功制备兔激素性股骨头坏死动物模型,兔随机分为骨蚀宁胶囊高、中、低剂量组、模型组和仙灵骨葆对照组进行观察。分别于用药后4,8,12周处死,检测血浆内皮素、一氧化氮及观察血管内皮细胞生长因子、组织病理学的变化。 结果与结论：骨蚀宁胶囊和仙灵骨葆均可升高股骨头坏死模型兔的血管内皮素和NO浓度,且组织病理学观察可见骨蚀宁胶囊治疗组与模型组比较,股骨头坏死明显减轻,血管内皮生长因子表达增强,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.01或P < 0.05)。骨蚀宁胶囊各组间比较,中剂量组差异显著(P < 0.01或P < 0.05),更接近正常组数据。说明中剂量骨蚀宁胶囊可以有效地改善激素性股骨头坏死的微循环。     

Plasma levels of growth hormone correlate with the severity of pathologic changes in the renal structure of aging rats.

It is well known that pharmacologic administration of growth hormone (GH), prolactin (Prl) or adrenal steroids can induce nephrosclerotic lesions in rodents. In this study we correlated circulating levels of endogenous GH, Prl, and corticosterone with the degree of structural nephropathy in rats of different ages. Female young (3 to 4 months), old (25 months), and senescent (33 to 35 months) and male young (3 to 4 months) and old (24 to 26 months) Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Sequential blood samples were removed through intraatrial cannulas while the animals remained conscious and undisturbed. Plasma Prl showed a 3-fold increase in old compared with young males, while old and senescent females displayed a 13- and 64-fold increase, respectively, for Prl. Plasma GH decreased significantly in old compared with young males, while senescent females had elevated GH levels compared with their young and old counterparts. Plasma corticosterone showed an age-related decline in females but not in males. The kidneys from old males showed a marked degree of glomerular sclerosis and obliteration. The presence of tubular metaplasia of Bowman's capsule as well as deposits of iron in the tubular epithelium was common in old males but rare in old and senescent females. There was a strong correlation of plasma GH, but not Prl, with the severity of renal histopathology. Plasma corticosterone showed an inverse correlation with the severity of renal histopathology in old males and senescent females. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that GH contributes to nephrosclerosis of aging rats, whereas the role of corticosterone and Prl in the pathogenesis of these lesions remains unclear.     

羌菖合剂对结扎右侧颈总动脉大鼠脑损伤作用的初步研究

目的 研究羌菖合剂对结扎右侧颈总动脉大鼠脑损伤的防治作用及对部分生理生化指标的影响。方法 结扎大鼠右侧颈总动脉造成右脑供血不足,测定右大脑组织含水量及大鼠血液常规、血清生化指标及血液流变性。对假手术组、结扎组与羌菖合剂组进行统计学检验比较。结果 对照组大鼠脑组织水分含量高于假手术组（P＜0．05）,羌菖合剂组脑水分明显低于对照组（P＜0．05）。对照组大鼠部分血细胞学、血清生化指标及血液流变性有异常改变,羌菖合剂可对抗这改变,明显改善血液流变性（P＜0．05）。结论 羌菖合剂对扎大鼠右侧颈总动脉造成的脑损伤有一定防治作用,并可防治其造成的血液生理化改变,改善血液流变性。     

The effects of regular aerobic exercise in adolescent period on hippocampal neuron density, apoptosis and spatial memory

It is known that positive effects of regular aerobic exercise on cognitive functions in humans and also animals; but how to the effects of aerobic exercise in adolescent period is unknown. The present study examined the effects of regular aerobic exercise on spatial memory using the Morris water maze, cell density and apoptosis of hippocampus in adolescent rats. Twenty-two days of age male rats were run on a treadmill for 30 min/session at a speed of 8m/min and 0 degrees slope, five times a week for 8 weeks. The present study showed that exercise induced significant cognitive improvement throughout brain maturation in rats. The number of hippocampal CA1 and CA3 neurons, and gyrus dentatus neurons were significantly increased in the exercised rats. There was no significant difference of CA2 neuron density between exercise and control groups. There was no significantly differences in any groups according to the results of apoptosis that account of TUNEL positive cells. The present results suggest that regular moderate aerobic treadmill exercise benefit in cognitive functions. This result may derive from treadmill exercise-induced increase cell density without altering of apoptosis in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus of adolescent rats.