湖南瓦乡人指纹白线分析

目的:分析湖南瓦乡人指纹白线的出现率.方法:用油墨拓印法印取指纹图,按Schouman方法确定指纹白线,并对获取的资料进行统计学分析.结果:湖南瓦乡人指纹白线出现率为10.10%;瓦乡人左手指纹白线出现率明显高于右手;指纹白线在各手指的出现率按中指>环指>示指>拇指>小指的顺序排列;瓦乡人的指纹白线出现率低于我国其他大多数群体;瓦乡人指纹白线出现率的欧氏距离与广西壮族最近.结论:湖南瓦乡人指纹白线出现率在国内人群中处于较低水平.     

湖南侗族左交臂人群的指纹分析

目的　探讨湖南侗族左交臂人群的手纹特点。方法　对湖南通道侗族自治县 2 88人用油墨拓印法印取指纹图 ,放大镜下观察计数。结果　侗族左交臂人的指纹分型特点是 :尺箕 >简斗 >双箕斗 >桡箕 >简弓 >帐弓 ;简弓出现率存在明显的性差 (P <0 0 5 )。桡箕在食指的出现率、女性简弓的出现率、男性箕、尺箕和斗的出现率与对照组比较存在明显的差异 (P<0 0 5 )。结论　表明湖南侗族左交臂人群的指纹分布具有一定的特异性。     

湖南侗族左扣手人群的手纹分析

目的　对湖南侗族左扣手人群的手纹分布特点进行研究 ,积累侗族群体遗传学与民族学资料。方法　用油墨拓印法捺印手纹 ,放大镜下观察分析。结果　侗族左扣手人的指纹分型特点是 :尺箕 >简斗 >双箕斗 >桡箕 >简弓 >帐弓 ;Ws型在各手指的出现率、掌褶纹类型的百分率、以及总指纹嵴数和a -b纹嵴线数存在明显的性差 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ;女性Ws和Lu的出现率、男性Ws和Wd在各指的分布 ,以及通贯型掌褶纹百分率与对照组存在明显差异 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。结论　湖南侗族左扣手人的斗型纹与掌褶纹的分布具有一定的特异性     

胃癌患者手纹的初探

目的　为了探讨当地胃癌患者的手纹特征。方法　按活体测量要求和全国统一分型标准 ,用普鲁士蓝反应法捺取手印。结果　胃癌患者指纹分型特点 :Ws>Lu>Wd>Lr>As>At。掌褶纹 :通贯型出现率最高 ,明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。尺箕 (Lu)明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。斗形 (W )明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。结论　胃癌患者指纹出现率与对照组指纹出现率存在明显差异。指纹的检查结果对胃癌诊断初筛提供线索和参考     

湖南侗族青少年苯硫脲尝味能力测定与分析

目的　测定湖南侗族青少年苯硫脲 (PTC)的尝味能力。方法　采用阈值法 ,以 5号液为味盲界限。结果　侗族青少年味盲率为 5 18% ,男女间无明显差异 ,但尝味者平均尝味阈值女性 (9.32± 1.5 6 )明显高于男性 (8.84± 1.6 8,P <0 0 1)。结论　湖南侗族青少年是一个对PTC尝味很敏感的群体。     

抑郁症患者的指纹类型及指纹白线

目的 探讨抑郁症患者的指纹特征.方法 采用体质测量法,分析天津汉族抑郁症患者202例(女性140例,男性62例)正常者310例(女性231例,男性79例)指纹类型及指纹白线出现率,比较其差异.结果 抑郁症患者组斗型纹出现率高于对照组,差异极显著(P＜0.001);双手一般斗型纹数≥6的出现率与正常对照组存在极显著性差异...     

Conners教师评定量表在注意缺陷多动障碍中的应用

目的 :评估Conners教师评定量表在注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD)中的适用性。方法 :将Conners教师评定量表 (TRS)应用于符合DSM -Ⅳ注意缺陷多动障碍诊断标准的 5 7例ADHD儿童及同年龄、同性别的全国常模上海组儿童。结果 :(1)将ADHD组与对照组儿童的TRS所有条目得分进行比较 ,除量表中“扭动不停”一项统计学上无显著性差异 (t=0 .10 6 ,P >0 .0 5 ) ;其余条目两组之间均有极显著差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;(2 )ADHD组的因子分及总分均高于对照组 (t=11.2 4 0～ 16 .6 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ;(3)TRS对ADHD儿童的诊断灵敏度 86 .1% ,特异度 94 .4 % ,诊断符合率 90 .3%。结论 :TRS能可靠、敏感地区别ADHD与正常儿童 ,适用于教师对ADHD儿童评估。     

置宫内节育器与支原体感染的研究

目的 :了解置宫内节育器与支原体感染的关系。方法 :采用培养法对 36 0例置宫内节育器 (IUD)的妇女 (观察组 )进行了解脲支原体 (UU)、人型支原体 (MH)的检测 ,并以 6 2例未置IUD妇女作为对照。结果 :(1)观察组UU、UU MH及支原体总检出率均高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ;(2 )置IUD半年～ 3年组与 <半年组比较 ,除UU MH检出率无差异外 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,UU、MH单项检出率及支原体总检出率均有差异 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 0 1) ;置IUD半年～ 3年组与 >3年组比较 ,各项检出率均无差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;(3)置有尾丝IUD组与置无尾丝IUD组比较 ,UU、UU MH检出率均有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 1) ,支原体总检出率有极显著差异 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :置IUD与支原体感染有关 ,IUD的使用并未对支原体感染起到保护作用 ;置IUD超过半年后支原体感染的危险性增加 ;置有尾丝IUD比置无尾丝IUD者更易感染支原体     

侗族左交臂人群的掌纹分析

目的　对湖南侗族左扣手人群的掌纹分布特点进行研究 ,积累侗族群体遗传学与民族学资料。方法用油墨拓印法捺印手纹 ,放大镜下观察分析。结果侗族左交臂人的普通型及过渡Ⅱ型掌褶纹的百分率存在明显的性差 (p <0 0 1) ;TH/I1区及I3 区的真实花纹出现率在左右手之间存在明显差异 (p <0 0 5或p <0 0 1)。过渡Ⅰ型掌褶纹的百分率与对照组比较存在明显的差异 (p <0 0 5 )。结论湖南侗族左交臂人群的掌纹有其自身的特征     

畲族青少年指纹调查研究

目的　为了解畲族青少年指纹正常值分布情况 ,积累人类和民族学资料。方法　按活体测量要求 ,用普鲁士蓝反应法捺印。结果　畲族青少年左右手指纹各型排列顺序 :LU>WS>WD>AT>AS,各指嵴纹数量排列顺序 :大拇指 >环指 >中指 >食指 >小指 ,左右手轴三角百分距比和 atd角 ,经 t检验 ,无显著性差异(P >0 .0 5 )。结论　不同地区不同民族的正常指纹出现率存在明显差异 ,畲族青少年指纹正常值与当地汉族指纹存在差异     

Development in in vitro toxicology

There are three principal pressures driving the development of in vitro toxicology: (1) the need for more efficient testing systems to cope with the large number of xenobiotics currently being developed; (2) public pressure to reduce animal experimentation; and (3) a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity. Within this, in vitro toxicology is focused on local, systemic, and target-organ toxicity. It is becoming increasingly apparent that a step or decision-tree approach using input of a variety of experimental data (physicochemical properties, biokinetics, cytotoxicity) provides the most efficient system for predicting toxicity. Examples of the use of in vitro toxicity systems for prediction of systemic toxicity and target-organ (liver) toxicity are presented.Originally presented at ECCP 93.     

Age-related changes in polyamines in memory-associated brain structures in rats

Polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are positively charged aliphatic amines and have important roles in maintaining normal cellular function, regulating neurotransmitter receptors and modulating learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests a role of putrescine in hippocampal neurogenesis, that is significantly impaired during aging. The present study measured the polyamine levels in memory-related brain structures in 24- (aged), 12- (middle-aged) and 4- (young) month-old rats using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. In the hippocampus, the putrescine levels were significantly decreased in the CA1 and dentate gyrus, and increased in the CA2/3 with age. Significant age-related increases in the spermidine levels were found in the CA1 and CA2/3. There was no difference between groups in spermine in any sub-regions examined. In the parahippocampal region, increased putrescine level with age was observed in the entorhinal cortex, and age did not alter the spermidine levels. The spermine level was significantly decreased in the perirhinal cortex and increased in the postrhinal cortex with age. In the prefrontal cortex, there was age-related decrease in putrescine, and the spermidine and spermine levels were significantly increased with age. This study, for the first time, demonstrates age-related region-specific changes in polyamines in memory-associated structures, suggesting that polyamine system dysfunction may potentially contribute to aged-related impairments in hippocampal neurogenesis and learning and memory.     

休克过程中肾上腺髓质素变化的研究进展

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a new peptidergic regulator of vascular function. AM serves as a hormone, which has many biological properties, plays an important role in the many pathophysiological processes, especially shock. This review will highlight the structure, biological properties of AM and the relationship between AM and shock.     

Seasonal variations in acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Slovenia

Between December 1999 and December 2004, 40 081 pregnant women were examined for toxoplasmosis with Toxo-IgG, Toxo-IgM enzyme immunoassay. Women with positive results were then retested with the Toxo-IgG avidity assay for recent toxoplasmosis. Recent acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women was found to be significantly more frequent (p < 0.01) during winter than summer. The incidence of acute toxoplasmosis during winter-spring was also significantly more frequent (p < 0.025) than summer-autumn. This phenomenon should be taken into account when formulating preventive measures for toxoplasmosis, especially for pregnant women.     

Uteroglobin in the developing rabbit conceptus in vivo and in vitro

Summary Uteroglobin (UGL) was measured in day- 4 to day-10 rabbit conceptuses by a competitive ELISA. Levels in blastocyst fluid, tissues, coverings and in the early fetus were determined separately. The total amount of UGL increased from 18.4 ng to 6.8 g per conceptus. The UGL content of individual day-6 blastocysts was studied in vitro. Culturing was carried out up to 60 h in Ham's F10 medium with polyvinylpyrrolidone as macromolecular component, with and without progesterone, and with progesterone plus estradiol. UGL was determined in the blastocyst fluids, tissues with coverings and in the culture media. After labelling with [³⁵S]-methionine, protein patterns of total blastocysts and of culture media were analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and fluorography. The morphology of cultured blastocysts was examined by electron microscopy. During 60 h of culture, the blastocysts expanded in diameter by 84%, and released 19% of their initial UGL content into the medium, independent of the hormonal substitution. Neither de novo synthesis, nor degradation of UGL was found: the protein remained unlabelled in fluorography, and its total quantity was not significantly different from that of non-cultured controls. Trophoblast, endoderm and embryoblast cells showed well preserved cell organelles and intercellular junctions, while the morphological differentiation of the germ layer was inhibited.     

Secular change in menarche in women in Madrid

The age at menarche was estimated by recollection in 1617 women between the ages of 18 and 60 in Madrid and a nearby suburb, Pinto. The population of Pinto is working-class and the Madrid group, taken from residential neighbourhoods , belongs to the upper middle class. In both groups we found a diminution in average age at menarche, from 14.04 to 13.02 years in Madrid and from 14.55 to 13.16 years from about 1935 to about 1965 in Pinto. These changes have been more intense in the group which is less well-off economically, where living conditions have varied much more drastically.     

The cyclic-AMP concentration in plasma and in muscle in response to exercise and beta-blockade in man

At rest the cAMP concentration in (muscle samples of) the quadriceps femoris ranged from 1.55 to 3.00 μmol per kg dry muscle and in plasma from 15.3 to 32.3 nmol per 1. Blockade of the beta adrenoreceptors with propranolol resulted in a significant decrease in the concentration in muscle at rest, the magnitude of the fall being related to the inital level. Similarly in plasma there was a trend towards lower levels of cAMP in those with the highest pretreatment levels, but the overall change was not statistically significant. There was no relation between the concentrations in muscle and plasma, before or after beta-blockade. Maximum dynamic exercise for 4–8 min resulted in an approximate doubling in the cAMP concentration in both muscle and blood. The increase in plasma was closely related to that in muscle. Beta-blockade inhibited totally the rise in cAMP in muscle during exercise but was marginally less effective in preventing the increase in blood. No increase in plasma or muscle cAMP levels during 40–70 s isometric contraction were observed.     

Cystic echinococcosis in equids in Italy

Between March 2003 and February 2007, the livers and the lungs of 2,231 horses from various Italian regions were examined for cystic echinococcosis presence at the time of slaughter. Hydatid cysts were found in six horses, namely four from Sardinia, one from Sicily, and one from Tuscany. The location, number, morphology, and fertility of the cysts found were determined. DNA was extracted from the germinal layers and protoscoleces of the fertile cysts and polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were performed in order to strain type DNA isolates for reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) and 12S partial genes. The PCR products were then purified and sequenced in forward and reverse. Hydatid materials obtained from positive animals were identified as Echinococcus granulosus s.s. (old G1, sheep strain) and Echinococcus equinus (old G4, horse strain) for ND1, CO1, and 12S partial genes. This allowed us to record the presence of the E. equinus in Italy for the first time with molecular tools and also to report new data on the epidemiological situation of this parasite in Italy.