蛋白激酶C在双歧杆菌预防大肠癌生长中的作用

目的:从信号分子蛋白激酶C(PKC)这一角度探索青春型双歧杆菌预防大肠癌生长的途径.方法:建立大肠癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,用激光共聚焦显微镜测定大肠癌组织PKC α、βⅠ、βⅡ、γ、ε和ζ的含量.结果:荷瘤鼠经双歧杆菌预先处理后,其大肠癌组织PKC α和βⅡ的平均荧光强度明显低于肿瘤对照组(P＜0.01),而PKC βⅠ、γ、ε和ζ的平均荧光强度在两组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论:青春型双歧杆菌体内可通过降低PKCα、βⅡ的活性来预防大肠癌的生长.     

双歧杆菌DNA对巨噬细胞MAPK的影响

目的 探索青春型双歧杆菌的DNA对巨噬细胞丝裂素活化的蛋白激酶（MAPK）活性的影响。方法 以激光共聚焦显微镜定量测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞MAPK家系中ERK1／2、JNK和p38的含量。结果 双歧杆菌DNA注射组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞ERK1／2的平均荧光强度明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）,而JNK和p38的平均荧光强度在2组间则差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 青春型双歧杆菌的DNA能提高巨噬细胞ERK1／2的活性,这可能是其激活巨噬细胞的途径之一。     

双歧杆菌的DNA对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞游离Ca2+离子水平的影响

目的 从信号转导途径探索青春型双歧杆菌的DNA激活巨噬细胞的机制。方法 用钙离子荧光指示剂Fluo-3／AM负载小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,以激光共焦镜显微镜观察不同浓度的DNA对巨噬细胞内游离Ca^2＋离子的浓度变化。结果 所用刺激浓度的DNA均能显著升高巨噬细胞内游离Ca^2＋．离子的浓度,并且随着刺激物浓度的逐增,巨噬细胞内游离Ca^2＋离子的上升速度以及达到峰值的荧光值也逐渐升高（P〈0．01）。结论 青春型双歧杆菌的DNA能提高巨噬细胞内游离Ca^2＋离子的浓度,并呈剂量依赖性。     

双歧杆菌对裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞NO形成的调节作用

给裸小鼠腹腔注射青春型双歧杆菌,每天一次,连续５天,以Ｇｒｉｅｓ试剂测定了裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌ＮＯ的含量。结果表明：双歧杆菌注射组其腹腔巨噬细胞产生ＮＯ的量显著高于对照组,具有显著的统计学意义（Ｐ＜００１）。提示青春型双歧杆菌可激活巨噬细胞,使之产生一定量的ＮＯ,ＮＯ在介导双歧杆菌的多种生理功能方面起重要作用     

双歧杆菌的完整肽聚糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞膜脂流动性的影响

目的探讨分叉双歧杆菌的完整肽聚糖（WPG）对巨噬细胞膜脂流动性的影响。方法首先分离培养昆明小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,然后以WPG刺激巨噬细胞,再用细胞膜磷脂荧光探针标记细胞,最后采用激光共聚焦显微镜结合激光漂白后荧光恢复技术检测巨噬细胞的膜脂流动性。结果WPG刺激组反映小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞膜脂流动性的平均荧光恢复率明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论分叉双歧杆菌的完整肽聚糖可提高巨噬细胞膜脂流动性。     

双歧杆菌习腹腔巨噬细胞激活作用的初步观察

用青春型双歧杆菌注射于裸鼠腹腔,分别以中性红吞噬法以及ＭＴＴ法检测了裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力和能量代谢水平。结果显示双歧杆菌注射组裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力和能量代谢水平均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示青春型双歧杆菌能激活巨噬细胞,增强其吞噬功能,提高其能量代谢水平。     

丝裂素活化的蛋白激酶在双歧杆菌预防大肠癌中的作用

目的:从信号转导这一层次探索双歧杆菌预防大肠癌生长的机制.方法:以大肠癌裸鼠移植瘤为动物模型,预先用青春型双歧杆菌注射于裸鼠腹腔,然后以激光共聚焦显微镜检测大肠癌移植瘤组织丝裂素活化的蛋白激酶(MAPK)家系中的ERK1/2、JNK和p38的含量.结果:双歧杆菌预防组大肠癌组织ERK1/2的平均荧光强度明显低于肿瘤对照组(P＜0.01),而JNK和p38的平均荧光强度在两组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论:青春型双歧杆菌通过抑制ERK1/2的活化来预防大肠癌的生长.     

青春型双歧杆菌微生态制品对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞酸性磷酸酶含量的影响

我们观察了青春型双歧杆菌微生态制品ＤＭ８５０４,对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞酸性磷酸酶的影响。以青春型双歧杆菌ＤＭ８５０４,０．２ｍｌ（含活菌１８×１０９）。注入小鼠腹腔。每天１次连续５次,对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞酸性磷酸酶变化进行连续定量测定,并于终止注射后第３天取腹腔巨噬细胞涂片,以酶染色方法进行半定量观察。结果表明,于注射开始后第２天直至注射停止后第５夫,实验组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞酸性磷酸酶含量均高于对照组,说明ＤＭ８５０４可激活小鼠巨噬细胞,提高酸性磷酸酶的含量及这种作用可维持的天数。     

双歧杆菌对裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生IL—1及IL—6的影响

给裸小鼠腹腔注射活的青春型双歧杆菌,并以小鼠胸腺细胞增殖法及ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别检测了裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌的ＩＬ１活性及ＩＬ６含量。结果表明：实验组裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌的ＩＬ１活性以及ＩＬ６含量均显著高于对照组,两者均具有统计学意义（ｐ＜００１）。这提示青春型双歧杆菌可激活巨噬细胞产生ＩＬ１以及ＩＬ６,它们在该菌调节机体免疫反应中可能起一定作用。     

思连康对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数的影响

目的研究双歧杆菌四联活菌片(商品名:思连康)对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞吞噬率及吞噬指数的影响。方法将SPF小鼠30只随机分成三组,每组10只,Ⅰ组灌胃生理盐水,Ⅱ组灌胃婴儿双歧杆菌菌悬液,Ⅲ组灌胃双歧杆菌四联活菌片菌悬液,每天给药0.5 mL,菌液浓度为1.0×10~8 CFU/mL,连续给药10 d后小鼠腹腔注入2%鸡红细胞悬液1 mL(红细胞数量为2×10~8个/mL),30 min后处死,取小鼠腹腔洗液,观察并记录吞噬鸡红细胞的巨噬细胞数及被吞噬的鸡红细胞数,计算吞噬率及吞噬指数。结果与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞的吞噬率和吞噬指数均显著升高(Ps0.05),其中Ⅲ组高于Ⅱ组(P0.05)。结论双歧杆菌四联活菌片及其婴儿双歧杆菌通过提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬率和吞噬指数提高机体的免疫力。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

棉铃虫钙粘蛋白N端多肽多克隆抗体制备及对Bt抗性的初步检测

用重组表达的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)中肠钙粘蛋白N端多肽片段制备兔多克隆抗体,并利用其对Bt抗性进行鉴定。通过RT-PCR方法对棉铃虫中肠钙粘蛋白N端多肽的基因片段Cad285进行PCR扩增,将其克隆到pET-30a原核表达载体中,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导表达,得到35ku的重组融和蛋白,融合表达的包涵体经过变性、Ni-NTA柱亲和纯化、复性等方法处理包涵体,获得可溶性纯化蛋白,用纯化后蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备多克隆抗体,ELISA检测其效价高于1∶16000;利用最终获得的多克隆抗体对室内纯合Bt抗/感品系的棉铃虫中肠钙粘蛋白进行Western blot分析,结果显示敏感和抗性品系之间有明显差异,表明其能够应用对Bt抗性进行初步检测。