药食同源——中医养生之道

近年来,现代医学正由＂生物医学模式＂向＂生物-心理-社会医学模式＂转变,显然这和中医＂天人合一＂整体观不谋而合。无论药物以何种方式发挥作用,人体最终都将依靠自身免疫力而获得康复。当前,在全球生态环境恶化、疑难杂症增多的情势下,人们寄希望通过食物来防病治病并能够养生、延年也就不难理解了。     

以现代医学模式引领《医学微生物学》的教学改革

随着生物医学模式向生物 心理 社会医学模式的转变 ,高等中医院校《医学微生物学》课程如何进行改革 ,使其顺应现代医学模式 ,作者重点就对《医学微生物学》的教学目的要求与教学内容进行改革 ,介绍了教学改革思路与实践供参考。     

构建融合医学人文教育的新型医学遗传学教学模式

医学遗传学是广泛涉及基础与临床学科的综合性课程,对于医学生是至关重要的必修课程。现代医学已由传统的生物-医学模式向生物-心理-社会医学模式转化,医学诊疗模式从最初的以"疾病为中心"到"以病人为中心"的方式转变,医生不仅精通医术,更要理解患者的心理,与其进行良好的沟通,因此现代医学成为了一门具有自然科学、人文社会科学双重属性的综合性科学体系。长期以来,我国医学院校的教学仍然是生物医学知识和技能占据主导地位,人文课程不受重视。因此,必须加强医学人文知识的学习和技能培训,只有这样才能在未来的医疗工作中掌握良好的医患沟通技巧,建立和谐的医患关系,对处理好日渐增多的医疗纠纷、维护医患双方的共同利益具有重要意义。     

神经内科病人的心理护理体会

随着医学的发展,现代医学模式由单纯的生物医学模式向生物-心理-社会医学模式转变,护理工作也必须从单纯的疾病护理向系统的心身护理转变。神经内科病人发病后往往存在各种心理障碍,其心理状态对疾病的治疗和预防有着极为重要的影响,丽心理护理是护理工作的重要组成部分。生活中任何能够引起病人愉快的事和物都能通过心理器官感受而作用于精神,从而增强治愈疾病的自信心,提高病人的免疫力,促进机体的新陈代谢,达到配合药物治疗的目的,对提高治愈率,减少病残率起到积极的作用。现就如何做好神经内科病人的心理护理谈几点体会。     

我国预防医学研究面临的机遇与挑战

随着生物-心理-社会医学模式的转变,预防医学理论发展和研究方向也发生相应的改变。本文就基因组学、蛋白质组学、人群分子流行病学与基因多态性研究以及现代信息技术等现代科学研究技术手段给预防医学研究带来的生机,我国预防医学在新世纪面临的机遇和挑战及其发展趋势作一探讨。     

疾病的认识模式

随着现代科学技术的飞速发展,对于疾病的认识也有了长足的发展。从唯心的解释到生物医学解释,从心理学深入到医学领域而导致的心理社会医学模式,对疾病的探索一直没有间断过。下面将从对疾病认识所经历的3种模式来进行论述。     

心理护理在手术室工作中的应用

随着医学心理学的蓬勃发展,生物医学模式正逐步向生物、心理、社会医学模式转变,护理心理学也进入一个新的发展时期［１］。手术室是病人进行手术治疗及抢救的重要场所。医护人员的语言、举止、态度都对病人产生极大的影响。现将我们对手术病人进行心理护理体会报告如下...     

儒家文化对医学学生人文素质教育的影响

生物-心理-社会医学模式要求医学学生在提高专业技能的同时,必须要有良好的人文素质和职业道德。人文素质教育中蕴含着丰富的儒家文化思想,汲取儒家文化的精华,对医学学生人文素质教育有着深刻的现实意义。     

农村初产妇心理分析和护理对策

随着生物医学模式向生物-心理-社会医学模式转变,心理护理已成为护理工作重要的组成部分。探讨心理因素在产妇临产时的作用对加快生产的进程,避免发生并发症,使分娩顺利进行起到积极的作用。本文对1232例农村初产妇的心理状态进行观察分析,并采取相应的护理措施取得了满意的效果,现介绍如下。     

浅谈中老年护士的工作价值

随着现代护理学的飞速发展,医学模式由生物医学向心理、社会医学模式转变,护理专业得到了社会的承认,且享有很高的声誉。这就给护理事业有了一个很大的发展空间,护理人员之间的竞争对工作在临床护理一线的中老年护士在心理上是一个很大的冲击。面对新的挑战,中老年护士应给自己做一个合理的评价,树立一个正确的工作价值观,以适应新形势下护理工作需求。现就中老年护士怎样才能适应现代的护理工作,如何在工作中找到自身的价值谈一些看法。     

现代生物医学科技前沿与中西医结合交叉

本文讨论了中医现代化和中西医结合的有关问题,指出中医现代化工作可分为三个方面：第一方面,应当培养大批临床上过硬的中医人才,在临床上有所突破,以此为基础进行理论研究;第二方面,将中医理论转换成现代语言;第三方面,中医与包括现代生物医学在内的多学科结合。阐述了现代生物医学科技前沿与中西医结合交叉而产生的新学科一光子中医学。指出光子中医学将为中西医结合提供理论和技术平台,成为多学科研究中医的代表性学科,并将成为中医现代化的一个重要方向,为人类卫生事业作出重大贡献。     

中医成药治疗甲型H1N1 流感研究进展

近年来,中医药治疗甲型H1N1流感取得了较好的临床疗效。尽管目前临床对甲型H1N1流感的治疗仍以西药为主,但西药抗病毒药存在副作用大,易引起耐药性等缺点,限制了治疗的效果。中医治疗甲型H1N1流感则具有独特的思路,根据甲型H1N1流感不同进展阶段的不同证型,选择不同的中药进行"辨证论治",不仅能减轻西药的不良反应,而且在疾病的治疗上也有独特的功效。我们总结了近来学者们对中医成药治疗甲型H1N1流感的临床及基础研究,将甲型H1N1流感分为轻、中、重三种,并分别根据症状与中医证型相匹配,梳理了临床用于治疗甲型H1N1流感的中医成药的适应证型与作用机制。因此,在西药进行抗病毒治疗的同时,根据疾病进展不同阶段的中医的证型,选用不同的中医方药,可有效减少西药的不良反应,取得更好的疗效。     

Pathways through the Border of Biomedicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Meeting of Medical Systems in a Japanese Psychiatry Department

This article examines a meetingof biomedicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) in the context of a psychiatry departmentin a Japanese national medical school. Themeeting is explored through stories of fourindividuals, the professor of the departmentand three Chinese physicians studying asexchange students. Global structures of medicalauthority are revealed in the way eachparticipant follows a different trajectorythrough this space, positioning themselves byvirtue of the medical epistemologies theyembody. The particular geography of thismeeting between systems allowed for aproductive synthesis of diagnostic techniques,quite different from the more commontherapeutic syntheses. This synthesis isparticularly important for contemporarypsychiatry because of its ability to attend todimensional as opposed to categorical aspectsof mental health.     

Traditional Chinese Medicine Explanatory Models of Depressive Disorders: A Qualitative Study

Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry - Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an alternative medical system utilised by many Chinese. However, the knowledge of TCM concepts of depression is limited...     

基于京津冀一体化构想下的中医医疗联盟模式探讨

在中央提出京津冀协同发展的重大战略背景下,为了适应区域医疗均质化和医改的需要,为区域内百姓提供更优质的医疗服务,试构想创建中医医疗联盟。在医疗一体化建设方面,北京中医医院有着很好的中医联盟建设基础,试从北京中医医院医疗联盟建设的角度,对京津冀一体化构想下的医院托管模式进行探讨。     

Depression, Constraint, and the Liver: (Dis)assembling the Treatment of Emotion-Related Disorders in Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is today practiced worldwide, rivaling biomedicine in terms of its globalization. One of the most common TCM diagnoses is “Liver qi constraint,” which, in turn, is commonly treated by an herbal formula dating back to the 10th century. In everyday TCM practice, biomedical disease categories such as depression or anxiety and popular disease categories such as stress are often conflated with the Chinese medical notion of constraint. Medical anthropologists, meanwhile, argue that constraint reveals to us a distinctive aesthetics of constructing body/persons in Chinese culture, while psychologists seek to define constraint as a distinctive psychiatric disorder distinctive from depression and anxiety. All of these actors agree in defining constraint as a concept dating back two thousand years to the very origins of Chinese medicine. This article disassembles the articulations by means of which these different facts about constraint are constructed. It shows how ideas about constraint as a disorder caused by the penetration of external pathogens into the body were gradually transformed from the eleventh century onward into constraint as an emotion-related disorder, while treatment strategies were adjusted to match perceptions about body/self that developed among the gentry elite of southeast China in late imperial China.     

Doctors that Harm,Doctors that Heal: Reimagining Medicine in Post-Conflict Aceh,Indonesia

ABSTRACT

This article explores the fears and desires that conflict survivors invest in biomedicine in post-conflict Aceh, Indonesia. After examining common criticisms of Acehnese doctors, I go on to discuss the practise of Acehnese medical travel to Malaysia and the desirable depictions of biomedicine that are generated through cross-border clinical encounters. Building on Pinto [2004. Development Without Institutions: Ersatz Medicine and the Politics of Everyday Life in Rural North India. Cultural Anthropology, 19(3):337–364], I argue that in the post-conflict period, biomedicine acts as both a site of terror and ‘point of imagination and longing’ that guides my interlocutors' understandings of the changing world around them. The article brings debates about medicine and violence into dialogue with a body of post-conflict ethnography, showing how popular imaginaries of biomedicine can shape the process of post-conflict world building.     

Perspectives On Tuberculosis Among Traditional Chinese Medical Practitioners In New York City’s Chinatown

This article discusses the perspectives of Chinatown’s traditional Chinese medical practitioners on tuberculosis among New York City’s Chinese laborers. The practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the United States is neither regulated nor well understood. Some public health providers have expressed their concern that the use of TCM could prevent Chinese tuberculosis patients from receiving proper, biomedical treatment. Contrary to the suspicion of public health providers, the traditional Chinese medical practitioners in the context of New York City’s Chinatown provide diverse methods of health care, many being familiar with the biomedical explanation for tuberculosis. All TCM informants in this study stated that biomedicine is more effective than Chinese medicine in treating tuberculosis. TCM in tuberculosis therapy is said to complement biomedicine and to restore bodily balance and the general health of patients. This study discusses the political–economic context shaping the explanation and treatment of tuberculosis among traditional Chinese medical practitioners and broadens our understanding of the various contexts in which TCM and biomedicine can be integrated. Furthermore, it is suggested that an opportunity exists for tuberculosis control programs to incorporate TCM practitioners in the effort to control the disease within New York City.     

温度和光周期对水稻抽穗期调控的交互作用

光周期和温度是植物开花的2个关键的调控因素,植物成花转变决定于植物对光周期和温度变化的精确测量.作为短日照植物,水稻在长日低温条件下抽穗期推迟,为了阐明温度和光周期对水稻开花时间的调控效应,本文利用1个光周期不敏感的突变体及其野生型,系统地分析了不同温度和光周期处理条件下,调控水稻开花时间几个关键基因（Hd3a,RFT1,Ehd1,Ghd7,RID1/Ehd2/OsId1,Se5）的表达调控模式,结果表明Ehd1-Hd3a/RFT1通路在光周期和温度调控水稻开花途径中保守.Ehd1,Hd3a和RFT1的表达在低温（23℃）条件下急剧下降,表明Ehd1,Hd3a和RFT1表达阻抑是低温条件下水稻开花推迟的主要原因.另外,在长日照条件下,低温（23℃）处理促进了水稻开花抑制子Ghd7的表达,表明低温条件和长日照条件对Ghd7的表达具有协同作用.此外,本文还分析了Hd1与光周期开花调控途径中几个关键基因的调控关系,发现Hd1在长日照条件下负向调控Ehd1的表达而正向调控Ghd7的表达,表明在长日照条件下,Hd1-Ghd7-Ehd1-RFT1通路也是水稻抽穗期调控的一条重要途径.     

中医知识创新的影响因素及实证分析

中医作为我国的国粹,担负着医疗保健的重要角色,为中华民族的繁衍昌盛发挥了重要的作用。中医的发展既要传承其"辩证论治,天人合一"的中心思想,又要在前人理论的基础上,利用现代化信息技术手段和多学科之间的相互转化实现理论或实验的创新。中医药的创新发展不能受传统中医理论、方法的局限,应该在反思中传承,关注新的视角,提出新的学说。本文结合省内多家医院的实证调研数据,运用SPSS18.0软件对数据进行分析和检验,探讨影响中医知识创新的主要因素。这不仅对于深化中医知识创新理论有重要的学术价值,而且对于提高中医知识创新能力、提升中医竞争优势有着深远的现实意义。