固相萃取-全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱同步快速检测蔬菜中64种农药残留

建立了蔬菜中64种农药残留同相萃取-全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱(GC×GC-TOF-MS)的测定方2.用乙腈提取样品,NH2-SPE周相萃取柱净化,甲醇-二氯甲烷溶液(5:95,V/V)洗脱,氮气吹扫浓缩,丙酮定容,全二维气相色谱(HP-5MS柱和DB17ht柱)-飞行时间质谱检测,基质曲线外标法定量.本方法的检出限...     

高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱分析紫甘蓝和羽衣甘蓝中花色苷

应用高效液相色谱-电喷雾/四极杆飞行时间串联质谱联用技术分析了紫甘蓝和羽衣甘蓝中的花色苷成分.选用Agilent TC-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm×5 μm),二元线性梯度洗脱,柱后流出液采用电喷雾四极杆飞行时间质谱的正、负离子模式进行检测.根据一级质谱的分子离子和二级质谱碎片离子,获得化合物的准确分子量...     

基于超高压液相色谱-四极杆串联飞行时间质谱技术的烟草代谢组学分析方法

对影响烟草代谢物提取的4个关键因素(溶剂、提取方式、提取时间、提取温度)在3个水平上进行了正交设计,确立了最佳提取方法;对色谱和质谱部分的实验条件进行优化,建立了基于超高压液相色谱-四级杆串联飞行时间质谱(UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS)平台的烟草代谢组学分析方法。方法可检测到2445个色谱峰,提取及分析的重现性较好。     

高效液相色谱–四极杆飞行时间质谱法快速筛查饮料中6种人工合成甜味剂

建立了高效液相色谱–四极杆飞行时间串联质谱快速检测饮料中糖精钠、甜蜜素、安赛蜜、阿斯巴甜、纽甜、三氯蔗糖6种人工合成甜味剂的方法。样品经水提取,采用C18色谱柱,以甲醇和0.1%甲酸–10 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,四极杆飞行时间串联质谱电喷雾负离子模式检测。各化合物在0.02~2.0 mg/L范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.998。样品平均添加回收率为63.0%~113.2%,测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于9.6%(n=5)。该方法简便快捷,选择性好,灵敏度高,可满足国内外现行法规的限量要求。     

液相色谱-飞行时间质谱同时测定粮食中13种真菌毒素

建立了液相色谱-飞行时间质谱(LC-TOF MS)联用技术同时检测小麦和玉米中镰刀菌、曲霉菌和青霉菌产生的13种真菌毒素的分析方法。样品经乙腈-水-乙酸(84∶15∶1,体积比)混合溶剂提取,My-cosep 226多功能净化柱和强阴离子交换柱净化后,采用LC-TOF MS检测。在电喷雾正离子模式下,以保留时间和化合物精确分子离子质量对真菌毒素进行识别,以10 ppm为提取离子窗口进行定量。结果表明,13种真菌毒素在一定的线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99,质量精确度均小于5 ppm,回收率为70%～113%,相对标准偏差为0.2%～14.5%。该方法可用于粮食中多种真菌毒素的同时测定。     

反射模式与线性模式MALDI-TOF MS联合分析荔枝果核缩合单宁

利用不同模式的基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)分析荔枝果核缩合单宁. 在反射模式(Reflectron modes)下, 加速电压20.0 kV, 反射电压23.0 kV, 延时取出电压16.32 kV, 聚焦电压9.45 kV, 获得缩合单宁的准确结构单元组成和连接方式信息, 其为三聚体至十八聚体组成的A型原花青定多聚物. 在线性模式(Linear modes)下, 加速电压20.0 kV, 延时取出电压16.25 kV, 聚焦电压10.0 kV, 检测到十九聚体至二十七聚体的缩合单宁信号, 其更全面获取缩合单宁聚合度的分布信息. 综合两种模式, 荔枝果核缩合单宁是由三聚体至二十七聚体分布的A型原花青定多聚物. 探讨了一种联合反射模式与线性模式对植物单宁结构准确分析的基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱方法.     

超高压液相色谱-飞行时间质谱法测定食品中19种非法染料

建立了同时测定食品中19种非法染料的方法。样品经丙酮/正己烷提取后,采用氧化铝柱层析净化,超高压液相色谱C18短柱分离,流动相用乙腈:0.1%甲酸溶液梯度淋洗,采用电喷雾离子源,在正离子模式下以飞行时间质谱检测,质量偏差小于1毫道尔顿。19种非法染料加标回收率在76%～108%,之间,方法的检测限为0.34～14μg/kg,精密度RSD在0.3%～12%之间。     

高效液相色谱/四极杆-飞行时间质谱测定神经性贝毒

采用高效液相色谱/四极杆 飞行时间质谱(HPLC/Q TOFMS)联用技术对贝类样品中的短裸甲藻毒素 PbTx-2 进行了检测研究。样品经丙酮提取、C18小柱净化后,用Zorbax XDB C18色谱柱(2.1 mm i.d.×150 mm,3.5 μ m)进行分离,流动相为甲醇 水(体积比为85∶15)溶液(含0.5 mmol/L NH4Ac),流速0.20 mL/min 。电喷雾正离子模式,选择质子化PbTx 2分子离子 ［M+H］ +作为前体离子进行TOFMS扫描、测定。结果表明,样品的平均加标     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法测定辣椒中多种禁用着色剂

建立了一种超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)测定辣椒中多种禁用着色剂的方法。样品采用乙腈和正己烷提取,QuEChERS法净化,利用UPLC法分离,在电喷雾正离子及TOF-MS触发TOF-MS/MS的模式下检测,以保留时间、一级离子质量准确度、一级离子同位素分布、二级碎片与库匹配4种手段确保准确定性分析,以TOF-MS提取离子的峰面积定量。结果表明,23种着色剂在10～500 ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9411～0.9989,方法定量限为10～100μg/kg,3个添加水平的回收率为61.82%～103.25%,相对标准偏差(n=8)为2.08%～10.56%。该方法具有快速、灵敏、准确和高通量等优点,可应用于实际辣椒样品中多种禁用着色剂的日常检测。     

液相色谱-离子阱-飞行时间质谱法测定调味品中9种酸性工业染料

建立了辣椒酱、干辣椒、花椒等酱类和香辛料类调味品中9种酸性工业染料的液相色谱-离子阱-飞行时间质谱(LCMS-IT-TOF)检测方法。样品用甲醇-水(80∶20)溶液提取,经弱阴离子交换(WatersOasis WAX)固相萃取柱净化,以Shimadu Shim-pack XR-ODS(2.0 mm×100 mm,2.2μm)柱进行分离,采用10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液-甲醇为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL/min。采用电喷雾离子化源,在负离子模式下进行检测,外标法定量。结果表明,9种酸性工业染料的基质校准曲线在一定范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99。3个加标水平的平均回收率为64.8%～106.0%,相对标准偏差(n=5)不高于6.7%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、分析时间短,离子阱飞行时间多级质谱的定性功能增加了定性结果的可靠性,适用于酱类和香辛料类调味品中9种酸性工业染料的同时测定。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法测定饲料中9种雄性激素类药物

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)分析动物饲料中违禁添加的去氢睾酮(BOL)、表睾酮(epiAn)、氟甲睾酮(FT)、去氢甲睾酮(美雄酮)(MD)、甲睾酮(MT)、丙酸诺龙(NP)、诺龙(N)、丙酸睾酮(TP)和睾酮(T)9种药物的分析方法。样品经乙酸乙酯振荡提取,再用基质固相萃取方法净化处理后,采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析检测。在电喷雾正离子模式和飞行时间模式下,输入各化合物的精确分子离子质量数得到相应的提取离子色谱图,以色谱峰面积进行定量分析。通过碰撞诱导解离模式(CID)得到各化合物碎片离子的精确质荷比,进一步对各化合物进行定性分析。各化合物的质量精确度均小于5×10-6,9种化合物在0～1000μg/L范围内均呈良好的线性关系,线性系数均大于0.99。除诺龙和去氢甲睾酮外,本方法对各药物的检出限(LOD)均低于6μg/L;去氢睾酮、表睾酮、氟甲睾酮、去氢甲睾酮(美雄酮)、甲睾酮、丙酸诺龙、诺龙、丙酸睾酮和睾酮的定量限(LOQ)分别为16,10,20,43,20,12,15,10g和16μg/kg。3个添加水平(LOQ,2LOQ,4LOQ)的回收实验表明,化合物的回收率在70.0%～99.7%范围内,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%。本方法的定性准确度明显高于文献报道的方法,可用于饲料中的禁用雄性激素药物的测定。     

Identification of proteins from one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using electrospray quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry

The potential of electrospray tandem mass spectrometry using a quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer was evaluated for the identification of two unknown proteins from one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1-D-PAGE). Two proteins from cellular cultures of mammary epithelia were purified by 1D-PAGE. Their identification was achieved using peptide sequence tags generated by LC/Q-TOF-MS/MS, whereas MALDI-TOF mass mapping failed for these proteins obtained from simple 1D-PAGE separation.     

Prediction of allergic reaction risk of Shenmai injection based on real-world evidence coupled with UPLC–Q-TOF-MS

The allergic reaction (AR) of Chinese herbal injection (CHI) has become one of the most noticeable focuses of public health in China. However, it still remains a considerable controversy as to whether low-molecular-weight components in CHI have potential sensitization. In this study, the relationship between AR and low-molecular-weight component profile of Shenmai injection was explored by an interdisciplinary technology integrating real-world evidence and ultra-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (UPLC–Q-TOF-MS). The AR information of hospitalized patients was obtained by comprehensively analyzing real-world evidence from January 2015 to June 2019 at two Chinese hospitals. The UPLC–Q-TOF-MS was exploited to systematically investigate the low-molecular-weight component profile with 50–1500 m/z mass range, and 3725 MS1 peaks were detected. The optimized partial least squares discriminant analysis model was established to map the influence of low-molecular-weight components on AR. The results of this study showed that high levels of organic acids administered intravenously might be a potential risk factor for inducing AR. By using this method, Shenmai injection with high AR risk could be recognized precisely with 100% accuracy before clinical use.     

Systematic screening and characterization of tertiary and quaternary alkaloids from corydalis yanhusuoW.T. Wang using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) is an effective technique for analysis of complex samples with offering rapid, efficient separation in combination with accurate mass measurement and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). This paper exploits this technique to identify the alkaloids in corydalis yanhusuo, an important antalgic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The mass spectral fragmentation behavior of one tertiary alkaloid and two quaternary alkaloids was studied in detail. Low-abundance product ions of tertiary and quaternary alkaloids were investigated and compared between each other. Sixteen alkaloids were screened out by using a systematic screening method developed in our laboratory; structures of eight therein were identified by characteristic UV absorption spectrum and positive ion mode of Q-TOF-MS/MS; and two of them were discovered for the first time in corydalis yanhusuo to our knowledge. This research demonstrates the potential of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS in structural characterization and identification of components in traditional Chinese herbal medicines.     

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of three barbiturates in pork by ion trap gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) following microwave assisted derivatization

A new method was developed for the rapid screening and confirmation analysis of barbital, amobarbital and phenobarbital residues in pork by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) with ion trap MSD. The residual barbiturates in pork were extracted by ultrasonic extraction, cleaned up on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) packed solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge and applied acetone-ethyl acetate (3:7, v/v) mixture as eluting solvent and derivatized with CH3I under microwave irradiation. The methylated barbiturates were separated on a TR-5MS capillary column and detected with an ion trap mass detector. Electron impact ion source (EI) operating MS/MS mode was adopted for identification and external standard method was employed for quantification. One precursor ion m/z 169 was selected for analysis of barbital and amobarbital and m/z 232 was selected for phenobarbital. The product ions were obtained under 1.0 V excitation voltage. Good linearities (linear coefficient R > 0.99) were obtained at the range of 0.5-50 microg kg(-1). Limit of detection (LOD) of barbital was 0.2 microg kg(-1) and that of amobarbital and phenobarbital were both 0.1 microg kg(-1) (S/N > or = 3). Limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.5 microg kg(-1) for three barbiturates (S/N > or = 10). Satisfying recoveries ranging from 75% to 96% of the three barbiturates spiked in pork were obtained, with relative standard deviations (R.S.D.) in the range of 2.1-7.8%.     

The even-electron rule in electrospray mass spectra of pesticides

A study of the fragmentation and ion formation of three major families of pesticides (including herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides) by liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS) and liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/Q-TOF-MS) was carried out using positive electrospray ionization (ESI) and the results compared with those by gas chromatography (GC)/TOF-MS with electron ionization (EI) in order to test the validity of the even-electron rule in electrospray ionization. First, the majority of the fragmentations by positive ion ESI were even electron (EE) ions (93% of the fragment ions). Secondly, the formation of odd-electron (OE) fragment ions was greater with EI, where the fragment ions were present in a ratio of approximately 1:2 (35% OE ions and 65% EE ions). Thirdly, in-source collision-induced dissociation (CID) fragmentation by LC/TOF-MS and CID fragmentation in the collision cell by LC/Q-TOF-MS/MS resulted in 95% of the fragment ions being identical between the two types of fragmentation. As ESI in the positive ion mode yields an EE precursor ion (normally a protonated molecule), this commonly leads to EE fragment ions by elimination of molecules - a process called the even-electron rule. Neutral radical losses were less common in ESI but were common in the EI spectra of the same compounds. The structures that did lead to OE ions in ESI (exceptions to the even-electron rule approximately 7% of all ESI ions) favored electronegative radical losses in approximately the following order: .SO(2)CH(3), .NO(2), .CH(3), .Cl, .SCH(3), .CH(2)CH, and .OH.     

Theoretical and experimental studies on the performances of barbital‐imprinted systems

By using density functional theory, we studied the interaction process between barbital and 2‐vinyl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,3,5‐triazine in acetonitrile at 333 K. Barbital and 2‐vinyl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,3,5‐triazine were used as the template and functional monomer, respectively. The molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres containing barbital and 2‐vinyl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,3,5‐triazine were synthesized through precipitation polymerization. After removing the template molecule barbital, the average diameter of the obtained molecularly imprinted polymers was 1.45 μm. By optimizing the molar ratio of barbital and the 2‐vinyl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,3,5‐triazine, the resulting molecularly imprinted polymers showed the highest adsorption for the barbital. The analysis of the Scatchard plot revealed that the dissociation constant (K_d) and apparent maximum adsorption quantity (Q_max) of the molecularly imprinted polymers were 30.69 mg/L and 8.68 mg/g, respectively. The study of selective adsorption showed that molecularly imprinted polymers exhibited higher selectivity for barbtital than that for 1,3‐dimethyl barbituric acid and pentobarbital. Herein, the studies can provide theoretical and experimental references for the barbital‐imprinted system.     

Molecularly imprinted polymer with high-fidelity binding sites for the selective extraction of barbiturates from human urine

In this paper we describe the synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) by precipitation polymerisation, with barbital as the template molecule, and the application of the barbital MIP as a molecularly selective sorbent in the solid-phase extraction (SPE) of barbiturates from human urine samples. The MIP was synthesised by precipitation polymerisation using 2,6-bis-acrylamidopyridine as the functional monomer and DVB-80 as the cross-linking agent. The spherical MIP particles produced were 4.2 ± 0.4 μm in diameter; a non-imprinted control polymer (NIP) in bead form was 4.8 ± 0.4 μm (mean±standard deviation) in diameter. The particles were packed into a solid-phase extraction cartridge and employed as a novel sorbent in a molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) protocol. The MIP showed high selectivity for the template molecule, barbital, a feature which can be ascribed to the high-fidelity binding sites present in the MIP which arose from the use of 2,6-bis-acrylamidopyridine as the functional monomer. However, the MIP also displayed useful cross-selectivity for other barbiturates besides barbital. For real samples, the MIP was applied for the extraction of four barbiturates from human urine. However, due to the high urea concentration in this sample which interfere the proper interaction of barbiturates onto the MIP, a tandem system using a commercially available sorbent was developed.     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱快速检测动物饲料中10种违禁精神药物

建立了测定动物饲料中三唑仑、艾司唑仑、硝西泮、地西泮、异丙嗪、氯氮平、唑吡坦、甲硫哒嗪、氯丙嗪和咪达唑仑10种违禁精神药物的超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)方法。样品经混合溶剂甲醇-0.1 mol/L HCl(9:1, v/v)振荡提取,再用MCX固相萃取柱净化处理后,采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析检测。10种化合物在5～100 μg/L范围内均呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.99。本方法的硝西泮、唑吡坦和甲硫哒嗪的定量限(LOQ,以信噪比为10计)为8 μg/kg,三唑仑、艾司唑仑、地西泮、异丙嗪、氯丙嗪和咪达唑仑为10 μg/kg,氯氮平为20 μg/kg。3个添加水平(LOQ、2LOQ、4LOQ)的回收率试验结果表明,10种化合物的回收率在60.6%～108.5%范围内,相对标准偏差均小于10%。本方法可用于动物饲料中违禁精神药物的准确测定。     

Application of atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry in the analysis of barbiturates by high-speed analytical countercurrent chromatography

Four barbiturates (barbital, allobarbital, phenobarbital and butalbital) were analysed using high-speed analytical countercurrent chromatography (HSACCC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) interfaced with mass spectrometry, using negative mode atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI). The polar biphasic solvent system of butyronitrile/acetonitrile/water (1:1:1) was used, in the upper-stationary, lower-mobile mode of operation, at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and a rotational speed of 1200 rpm, equating to an applied "g"-field of 177 g. The fractional stationary phase retention (S(F)) was 0.58. Representative mass spectral data are presented from the HPLC and the HSACCC analyses. Structural information was obtained using source-induced fragmentation at increased source block voltages. The effect of increasing g-field on chromatographic resolution is illustrated using the binary base system of butyronitrile/water (1:1), under electrospray ionisation.