飞机钛合金结构件侧壁精铣动力学仿真与试验

为了实现飞机结构件数控铣削精加工工艺规范化,获得稳定高效的钛合金精铣切削参数,梳理了飞机钛合金结构件侧壁特征尺寸范围,设计了7种不同精铣余量的切削力仿真与试验方案,分析了顺铣和逆铣情况下切削力随切削余量的变化规律,并进行了试验验证和表面粗糙度测量,其切削力仿真误差仅为0.78%,加工后的表面粗糙度Ra均小于0.4μm,Rz均小于2.9μm,满足飞机零件表面精度要求。试验与测量结果验证了切削力仿真结果的正确性以及工艺参数的可实用性。     

钛合金整体结构件高效插铣工艺实验研究

针对钛合金整体结构件粗加工的插铣和侧铣工艺,从切削力、切削稳定性、切削温度等方面进行了切削实验和分析对比。实验结果表明,在相同切除率条件下,插铣的轴向切削力略大于侧铣的轴向切削力,而插铣作用力仅为侧铣的1/3%;随着切削深度的增加,插铣刀具的振动比侧铣刀具的振动小,且切削过程稳定;
插铣的切削温度要比侧铣的切削温度低。最后,以TC4钛合金整体叶盘通道开槽为例,进行了插铣验证。验证结果表明,插铣切削过程稳定,效率比侧铣提高了近1倍,刀具成本仅为侧铣的13%。     

正偏心正交车铣精加工切削层几何形状研究

针对未考虑正偏心正交车铣切削层几何形状而导致难以全面反映正交车铣切削层几何形状变化规律的问题，基于正交车铣运动规律，在不考虑动力学影响的情况下，对切削层的形成过程进行了静态分析。建立的正偏心正交车铣切削层几何形状的解析模型涉及铣刀侧刃和底刃的切入/切出角度、切削厚度和切削深度。通过试验验证了该解析模型的正确性，并分析了切削参数对铣刀切削层的影响。研究结果为正偏心正交车铣切削层几何形状的变化提供了定量的分析依据，为切削力和颤振的研究提供了理论指导。     

Cr12插铣加工铣削力及建模研究

为研究Cr12插铣切削过程的需要,对插铣铣削力进行测量试验,采用正交试验方法,得到三向铣削力的数学模型,并对此模型进行了试验验证,其结果反映出切削过程中切削力的变化规律及切削用量对切削力的影响。     

不同加工工艺下的切削力时域特征分析

切削力是切削机理研究和切削过程监控的主要观测参数,时域波形是切削力实验结果的主要表现形式。基于车削、钻削和立铣削实验,采集了切削力的时域波形,对比研究了不同工艺条件下的切削力时域特征及其与工艺特点的内在联系,对影响切削力时域特征的几个关键因素进行了分析。结果表明:动态性能是切削力时域波形的典型特征,切入、终止阶段通常比正常切削阶段的切削力动态性能更复杂;加工工艺不同,各切削分力的波形特征和大小顺序也就不同,其中钻削力的波形特征比车削和立铣削复杂得多,钻削和立铣削的切削力波动系数Q比车削大。     

基于遗传算法工具箱的插铣切削力的预测模型

根据插铣核电材料A508-3钢各向最大切削力的正交实验数据,建立插铣过程的切削参数(切削速度、每齿进给量和径向切削宽度)各向最大切削力预测模型。把切削力预测值与实验值的残差平方和为适合度函数,采用谢菲尔大学研究的遗传算法工具箱实现各向最大切削力预测模型的各项参数。结果表明切削力预测模型与实验值吻合较好。本文目的是在特定插铣切削参数条件下预测切削力。     

SiCp/Al复合材料薄壁件高速正交车铣切削力的仿真研究

把正交车铣方法应用到复合材料薄壁件的加工中,使用ABAQUS有限元仿真软件,建立了Si Cp/Al复合材料车铣薄壁件的仿真模型,通过高速正交车铣仿真实验研究了切削速度、工件转速、进给量和切削深度对切削力的影响规律。仿真实验得出切削深度对切削力影响最大,随切削深度的增加车铣切削力明显增大,因此该因素的参数选择在切削加工中应着重考虑;而其它三个因素对切削力的影响次之且影响程度相当,切削力变化趋势一致,都是随各因素参数增加而略有增大。     

TC4钛合金微孔加工钻削力的仿真与试验研究

通过对TC4钛板上钻削?0.1mm微孔的研究,建立了一种能够精确预测钻头所受钻削力的切削力模型。利用解析法分别将主切削刃和横刃离散成一系列斜角切削单元和直角切削单元;应用Deform软件,并充分考虑微细加工中特有的尺寸效应,模拟出每个单元所受的力;建立切削单元的局部坐标系与整个钻头的整体坐标系,将每个切削单元所受的力转化为整个钻头所受的力,进而求出整个钻头的轴向力与扭矩。通过多组工艺参数的仿真与实验,表明该切削力模型能够比较精确地测出微钻削过程中的钻削力。     

斜角切削的热力建模与仿真分析

提出了斜角切削热力模型。用等效平面方法把不等分剪切区的直角切削理论延伸并应用于斜角切削中,等效平面的方位由定义的等效平面角来确定。使用坐标变换法分析了斜角切削几何参数之间的关系。建立了剪切区剪切速度、剪应变、剪应力和温度分布的控制方程,在考虑了工件材料加工硬化和热软化影响的条件下,由材料的Johnson-Cook本构方程预测出了剪切区的流动应力。计算了一定加工条件下的切削力,计算结果与已有文献斜角切削实验数据具有较好的一致性,同时,试验表明所提出的斜角切削模型适合于立铣切削力的预测。     

考虑刀具底刃切削的CFRP铣削力精确建模研究

针对碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)铣削提出了一种切削力精确建模方法,即考虑刀具底刃切削作用的铣削力机械模型,通过实验识别底刃和侧刃的切削力并分析了切削力变化规律,建立了切削力系数关于瞬时切削厚度、纤维切削角及切削速度的BP神经网络模型,进一步实现了对铣削力的预测。单向板和多向板的铣削验证实验表明考虑刀具底刃因素可以提高切削力预测的准确性,同时也验证了BP神经网络在CFRP切削力建模中的可行性。     

基于对称模糊数及径向基网络的切削力预测研究

提出基于对称模糊数的切削力模糊预测模型以及基于径向基网络的切削力神经预测模型。通过分析这两种模型的有效性、特点及适用范围，并与常用的最小二乘回归模型相比较。为金属翅纤维连续切削成形的切削力预测与控制提供参考。     

数控铣削加工参数的多参量智能优化

提出了一种通用和智能的确定数控铣床进给速度的办法。首先简化切削力模型,并给出一个加工参数数据库的例子。建立一种基于径向和轴向切削深度和进给速度为输入的模糊系统来预测切削力。然后确定零件的几何特征,计算几何特征的接触角度,并寻找它们最佳进给率。最后,给出应用此方法的一个切削例子,并对结果在CATIA CAD／CAM系统中进行了模拟以显示次方法的优点。     

Method for early detection of the regenerative instability in turning

Nowadays, approaches in chatter detection and control are based on chatter prediction, by using a machining system dynamic model, or on chatter detection by different techniques, but after chatter onset. They are not efficient because the models are complicated and specific (in the first case) respectively because of chatter unwanted consequences occurrence (in the second case). This paper presents a method for early detection of the process regenerative instability state (as a specific process current dynamical state), based on cutting force monitoring. Using the cutting force records, the process current dynamical state is assessed. Appropriate cutting force signal features are defined, based on signal statistic processing, signal chaotic modeling or signal harmonic analysis, and used on this purpose. The process dynamical state evolution is modeled aiming the features values prediction. Two types of models were used in this purpose: linear and neural. The instability regenerative mechanism is identified by using either dedicated features or input variable selection. The method was conceived and experimentally implemented in the case of turning process. The results show the method reliability and the possibility of using it in developing an intelligent system for stability control.     

Intelligent monitoring and prediction of tool wear in CNC turning by utilizing wavelet transform

In order to realize an intelligent CNC machine, this research proposed the in-process tool wear monitoring system regardless of the chip formation in CNC turning by utilizing the wavelet transform. The in-process prediction model of tool wear is developed during the CNC turning process. The relations of the cutting speed, the feed rate, the depth of cut, the decomposed cutting forces, and the tool wear are investigated. The Daubechies wavelet transform is used to differentiate the tool wear signals from the noise and broken chip signals. The decomposed cutting force ratio is utilized to eliminate the effects of cutting conditions by taking ratio of the average variances of the decomposed feed force to that of decomposed main force on the fifth level of wavelet transform. The tool wear prediction model consists of the decomposed cutting force ratio, the cutting speed, the depth of cut, and the feed rate, which is developed based on the exponential function. The new cutting tests are performed to ensure the reliability of the tool wear prediction model. The experimental results showed that as the cutting speed, the feed rate, and the depth of cut increase, the main cutting force also increases which affects in the escalating amount of tool wear. It has been proved that the proposed system can be used to separate the chip formation signals and predict the tool wear by utilizing wavelet transform even though the cutting conditions are changed.     

刀具磨损监测及破损模式的识别

对于金属切削过程中的刀具磨损,提出了基于隐马尔可夫模型的模式识别理论来识别刀具的不同磨损状态,从而预报刀具破损.该方法对切削过程中切削力信号的动态分量和刀柄振动信号进行快速傅里叶变换特征提取,然后利用自组织特征映射对提取的特征矢量进行预分类编码,把矢量编码作为观测序列引入到隐马尔可夫模型中进行机器学习,建立了3个不同磨损状态的隐马尔可夫模型,并利用最大概率进行模式识别.试验表明,该方法对车刀磨损过程进行识别和预报是有效的.     

基于灰色残差修正模型的机床切削力预测与仿真

介绍了一种基于灰色残差修正模型的机床切削力预测的建模方法。仿真结果表明,这种新的建模方法具有较高的精度,为高度复杂的非线性模型化提供了一条新途经。此方法利用某一机床厂具体的数据进行硷验,得到了满意的结果。     

考虑热塑性变形的316H不锈钢Johnson-Cook本构参数逆向识别

本构模型能表征材料变形过程中的动态响应,其精度对机械加工中切削力、切削温度的解析预测具有决定性作用.针对316H不锈钢本构模型缺失问题,提出一种基于切削理论的Johnson-Cook本构参数逆向识别方法.通过建立的不等分主剪切区的应力、应变、应变率及温度分布的数学模型,以及准静态压缩试验和正交切削试验的数据,采用粒子群...     

车削过程切削力的计算机数值仿真

切削力是表征切削过程最重要特征的物理量，其动态变化将直接影响加工过程中刀具与工件的相对位移、刀具磨损和表面加工质量等，所以对切削力建模是进行加工过程物理仿真研究的基础。因此在基于实时工况的切削实验研究基础上，考虑切削参数的因素，利用BP（back pmpagation）神经网络建立车削过程中的切削力的仿真模型。通过大量的样本训练，使神经网络能够对切削力进行较准确地数值仿真。     

刚性的球头铣刀切削力模型

基于切削力与切屑负载之间的经验关系,通过对球头铣刀的微分化方法,建立了球头铣刀基本切削力模型,并着重研究刀具的径向跳动对径向未变形切屑厚度的影响,提出了刚性的球刀铣刀切削力模型,最后用切槽实验对模型进行了验证。     

Cutting forces prediction in generalized pocket machining

Cutting force prediction is important for the planning and optimization of machining process. This paper presents an approach to predict the cutting forces for the whole finishing process of generalized pocket machining. The equivalent feedrate is introduced to quantify the actual speed of cutting cross-section in prediction of cutting force for curved surface milling. For convenience, to analyze the process with varying feed direction and cutter engagement, the milling process for generalized pocket is discretized into a series of small processes. Each of the small processes is transformed into a steady-state machining, using a new approximation method. The cutting geometries of each discrete process, i.e., feed direction, equivalent feedrate per tooth, entry angle, and exit angle are calculated based on the information refined from NC code. An improved cutting force model which involves the effect of feed direction on cutting forces prediction is also presented. A machining example of a freeform pocket is performed, and the measured cutting forces are compared with the predictions. The results show that the proposed approach can effectively predict the variation of cutting forces in generalized pocket machining.