表面修饰SiO2纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂抗磨性能的研究

用原位表面修饰法合成了异辛酸修饰SiO2纳米微粒，利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了SiO2纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂的摩擦学行为。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对钢球磨损表面进行了分析。试验结果表明，SiO2纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂具有良好的抗磨损性能，能显著提高液体石蜡的失效载荷；表面修饰SiO2纳米微粒在摩擦过程中发生了摩擦化学反应，形成了含SiO2及有机分解产物等组分的复合边界润滑膜，从而表现出良好的抗磨性和较高的承载能力。     

油溶性CuO纳米颗粒的抗磨性能研究

利用四球摩擦磨损实验机考察了油酸铜修饰CuO纳米颗粒作为润滑油添加剂的抗磨性能,并用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X-射线光电子能谱（XPS）等对钢球磨损表面进行了分析。摩擦磨损试验结果表明,当添加质量分数仅为0.025%时,油酸铜修饰CuO纳米颗粒作为润滑油添加剂即能够明显提高基础油的抗磨能力。SEM及XPS分析结果表明,油酸铜修饰CuO纳米颗粒作为润滑油添加剂在摩擦过程中形成了一层富含Cu2O和Fe2O3的化学反应膜,正是这层膜的存在使得其表现出良好的抗磨性能。     

表面未修饰及修饰纳米SiO2对锂基脂摩擦学性能的影响

利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了表面未修饰及修饰纳米SiO2作为添加剂对锂基脂摩擦学性能的影响;采用扫描电子显微镜观察了钢球磨损表面形貌,并采用X射线光电子能谱仪分析了钢球磨损表面典型元素的化学状态,以探讨2种纳米SiO2添加剂的减摩抗磨作用机理。结果表明,采用化学法和物理法制备的表面修饰及未修饰纳米SiO2作为添加剂均能通过形成复合边界润滑膜而改善锂基脂的减摩抗磨性能,其中采用物理法制备的未修饰纳米SiO2的减摩作用略优,而采用化学法制备的表面修饰纳米SiO2在高载荷下的抗磨作用较优。     

司班-80/二聚酸作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦聚合机制研究

采用盘-销式摩擦试验机,以司班-80/二聚酸体系作润滑油添加剂,在陶瓷-陶瓷(A l2O3-A l2O3)表面进行摩擦磨损实验。采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)探讨了单体在陶瓷表面的吸附类型;采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(IR)对盘上磨痕进行表面分析。结果表明添加剂在磨痕处生成了保护性体型聚酯膜。其摩擦聚合机制为:在摩擦过程中,二聚酸以物理吸附的方式吸附在陶瓷表面;由于二聚酸的羧基与司班-80的羟基发生摩擦聚合反应,在陶瓷表面生成体型聚酯膜,从而降低陶瓷表面的磨损。     

纳米ZnS粒子作为润滑油添加剂摩擦学性能研究

采用均匀沉淀法制备了硬脂酸修饰的纳米ZnS粒子,用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了其作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能,并用扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪对磨斑进行了表面分析.结果表明:在一定添加量范围内,硬脂酸修饰的纳米ZnS粒子可明显改善基础油的摩擦学性能;在摩擦过程中,纳米ZnS粒子在摩擦表面的沉积和通过摩擦化学反应生成的化学反应膜,显著提高了基础油的抗磨减摩性能.     

g-C_3N_4的制备及在PEG400中的摩擦学性能研究

以三聚氰胺为前驱体采用焙烧法制备二维纳米材料g-C_3N_4,用X射线衍射(XRD)对g-C_3N_4粉体样品进行物相分析,同时用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析g-C_3N_4表面形貌。采用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察g-C_3N_4作为聚乙二醇400(PEG400)添加剂对钢-钢摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜及X射线光电子能谱仪分析试验后钢球磨损表面形貌、元素分布及典型元素的化学状态。结果表明,所制备的g-C_3N_4具有二维层状纳米结构,作为添加剂在PEG400中具有良好的减摩抗磨性能。SEM和XPS分析表明,在摩擦学过程中g-C_3N_4沉积在摩擦副表面形成了润滑保护膜,从而提高了PEG400的摩擦学性能。     

表面修饰硼酸镁纳米微粒的制备及其在水中的润滑性能

用化学沉淀法制备了油酸三乙醇胺修饰的硼酸镁纳米微粒,并用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和红外光谱仪等对微粒进行了表征;采用四球摩擦磨损试验机研究了其在水溶液中的润滑,用扫描电子显微镜观察了磨斑表面形貌,用X射线光电子能谱分析了磨斑表面的化学成分。结果表明:所制备的硼酸镁纳米微粒粒径为40~60 nm,并且表面修饰剂与纳米微粒发生了化学反应;纳米微粒在摩擦副表面形成了一层润滑膜;在摩擦副表面检测出镁、硼、铁等的氧化物,这些氧化物保护膜起到良好的润滑作用。     

纳米硼酸铝添加剂的制备、表征及其在水溶液中的摩擦学性能

采用沉淀法合成了粒径为30～50 nm硼酸铝纳米微粒,用透射电镜、热分析仪、FT-IR光谱仪对其进行了结构表征,并用四球摩擦试验机上考察了其在水介质中的摩擦学行为,用电子扫描电镜考察了磨损表面的形貌.结果表明:硼酸铝纳米微粒作为水基添加剂能显著提高纯水的承载能力和抗磨减摩性能.结合X射线光电子能谱分析可推断添加剂的作用机制是添加剂在摩擦过程中发生了摩擦化学反应,并在摩擦副表面生成了含Al2O3,B2O3,FeO和Fe2O3的复合润滑膜,有效地提高了纯水的抗磨减摩性能.     

表面修饰硼酸镁纳米微粒的制备及其在水中的润滑性能

用化学沉淀法制备了油酸三乙醇胺修饰的硼酸镁纳米微粒,并用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和红外光谱仪等对微粒进行了表征;采用四球摩擦磨损试验机研究了其在水溶液中的润滑,用扫描电子显微镜观察了磨斑表面形貌,用x射线光电子能谱分析了磨斑表面的化学成分。结果表明：所制备的硼酸镁纳米微粒粒径为40-60nm,并且表面修饰剂与纳米微粒发生了化学反应;纳米微粒在摩擦副表面形成了一层润滑膜;在摩擦副表面检测出镁、硼、铁等的氧化物,这些氧化物保护膜起到良好的润滑作用。     

环己氧基硼酸铜抗磨减摩添加剂的研究

合成了环己氧基硼酸铜,在四球试验机和环-块试验机上评价了其摩擦磨损性能;利用X-射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)分析了磨斑表面主要元素的组成和价态.结果表明,环己氧基硼酸铜具有良好的减摩抗磨性能,其作用机理是添加剂在摩擦过程中发生了摩擦降解反应,生成了Cu2O和B2O3等反应产物沉积在摩擦表面,从而起减摩抗磨作用.     

The Preparation and Tribological Investigation of Ni–P Amorphous Alloy Nanoparticles

Amorphous Ni–P alloy nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction of nickel acetate in water reacted with sodium hypophosphite under stirring. The nanoparticles were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results of XRD and TEM showed that nanoparticles have an average diameter 100 nm. And XPS analysis indicated that part of the surface of Ni–P amorphous alloy nanoparticles was oxidized. The tribological properties of the prepared Ni–P nanoparticles as an additive in lithium grease were evaluated with a four-ball friction and wear tester. The worn surfaces of the lubricated GCr15 steel were analyzed by means of XPS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The lubricating mechanisms were discussed on the basis of XPS and SEM analyses of the worn steel surfaces. The results show that these nanoparticles as a grease additive can effectively enhance the friction-reduction and antiwear ability of lithium grease. Tribochemical reactions were involved for steel–steel frictional pair lubricated with the lithium grease containing amorphous Ni–P alloy nanoparticles, with the formation of a boundary lubricating and protecting film composed of additives of lithium grease and tribochemical reaction products (iron phosphate, iron oxides, nickel oxide, nickel, etc.) of the lubricants. This contributes to improve the tribological properties of the lithium grease.     

表面修饰氟化镧纳米粒子的制备及摩擦学性能研究

采用化学沉淀法以氟化物(NaF)和稀土氯化盐(LaCl3)为原料制备LaF3纳米粒子;采用透射显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对纳米粒子的结构和形貌进行表征及分析;用硅烷偶联剂KH550对其表面改性,在高速高温摩擦磨损试验机上研究改性后的LaF3纳米粒子添加到纯基础油中的摩擦学性能,分析其抗磨减摩机制。结果表明,LaF3纳米粒子添加到润滑油中能提高其摩擦学性能,起到减摩耐磨效果;摩擦过程中LaF3纳米粒子渗透到试件中,起到修复作用。     

Synthesis and tribological behavior of surface modified (NH4)3PMo12O40 nanoparticles

Surface modified (NH₄)₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ nanoparticles were synthesized in a mixture solution of water–ethanol with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as a modifying agent. The morphology, structure and thermal properties of modified (NH₄)₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ nanoparticles were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Their tribological behaviors were evaluated on a four-ball testing machine. The results show that the modified (NH₄)₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ nanoparticles as oil additives can improve the load-carrying capacity and antiwear property of the base oil. The rubbed surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It can be inferred that a tribological reaction film was formed, which contributed to the good tribological properties of surface modified (NH₄)₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ nanoparticles.     

固体润滑剂对碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

分别制备了PTFE／碳纤维、MoS2／碳纤维混杂增强的尼龙66复合材料，用MM-2000型摩擦磨损试验机评价其摩擦磨损性能，用SEM和XPS分析了磨损表面。结果表明：PTFE／碳纤维混杂增强可以明显改善尼龙复合材料摩擦学性能；MoS2／碳纤维混杂增强没有改善复合材料的摩擦学性能；MoS2在摩擦过程中氧化生成的MoO3充当了摩擦副之间的磨粒，其磨损机理推测为粘着和磨粒磨损的综合作用。     

Si3N4-hBN陶瓷复合材料与Fe-B合金配副的摩擦学特性研究

利用MMU-5G销-盘式端面磨损试验机考察Si3N4-hBN陶瓷复合材料与Fe-B合金配副分别在干摩擦和水润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能,分别采用扫描电子显微镜( SEM)、激光扫描显微镜(LSM)、X光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线能谱(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析摩擦面及磨屑的形貌与物质组成.结果表明,hBN的加入未能有效地改善Si3N4-hBN/Fe-B合金摩擦副的摩擦学性能,干摩擦条件下,Si3N4-hBN摩擦表面微凸体与Fe-B合金中的硬质相Fe2B发生碰撞而导致脆性断裂和剥落,发生磨粒磨损,摩擦因数均高于0.9,磨损率均高于10-5 mm3/ (N·m)数量级;水润滑条件下,由于水流带走了磨屑,避免磨粒磨损的发生,为Si3N4-hBN摩擦表面发生化学抛光提供条件,化学抛光使销、盘试样的摩擦表面变得光滑,从而获得较为优异的摩擦学性能.     

Tribological Properties of CaCO<Subscript>3</Subscript> Nanoparticles as an Additive in Lithium Grease

CaCO₃ nanoparticles with an average size of 45 nm were synthesized via the carbonation method. The tribological properties of the CaCO₃ nanoparticles as an additive in lithium grease were evaluated with a four-ball tester. The results show that these CaCO₃ nanoparticles exhibit good performance in anti-wear and friction-reduction, load-carrying capacity, and extreme pressure properties. The action mechanism was estimated through analysis of the worn surface with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that a boundary film mainly composed of CaCO₃, CaO, iron oxide, and other organic compounds was formed on the worn surface during the friction process.     

Investigation of the Tribological Behaviors of Polymer Molecular Deposition Films by Tribometer Based on Interferometer

The polymer molecular deposition films including polyelectrolyte molecular deposition (PEMD) film and nanoparticles composite molecular deposition (NPs/MD) film have been prepared using the molecular deposition method and the in situ synthesize method. The polymer molecular deposition films were characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The tribological behaviors of the substrate and polymer molecular deposition films were investigated by a tribometer based on interferometer. It is found that the NPs/MD film has a lower friction force and a better anti-wear property than the PEMD film under the dry friction. The poly alpha olefin (PAO2) and water films confined between samples and steel ball surfaces have been investigated using thin film interferometry. The friction force of substrate was lower than the polymer molecular deposition films under PAO2 lubrication. The friction forces alteration of PEMD film and NPs/MD film were similar and consistent, and lower than that for substrate under water lubrication.     

添加剂对电诱导GaN晶片化学机械抛光的影响

为研究添加剂对氮化镓(GaN)晶片化学机械抛光(CMP)材料去除率的影响,采用直流电源对n型GaN晶片进行电化学刻蚀,利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究电诱导辅助下GaN晶片CMP过程中,对苯二甲酸(PTA)和H 2O 2对其材料去除的影响。结果表明:在添加电流的条件下,随着H 2O 2体积分数增大,GaN材料去除率先升高后降低;随着PTA浓度的增加,GaN材料去除率先增加后减少;在H 2O 2体积分数为4%,PTA浓度为10 mmol/L条件下,GaN晶片的化学机械抛光材料去除率最高,为693.77 nm/h,抛光后GaN晶片表面粗糙度为0.674 nm;通过XPS分析,电诱导后GaN晶片表面的Ga 2O 3含量增加,表明电流作用促进了GaN材料表面的氧化腐蚀作用,进而提高了其CMP材料去除速率。