光电探测器与单模光纤精确对准算法研究

针对光电探测器模块的耦合封装,提出了一种精确对准的位置搜索算法,完成了光纤与光接收芯片从零响应电流到最大响应电流位置的搜索定位。在对准耦合的精确搜索阶段,为克服多个自由度之间交叉耦合的问题,首次将模式搜索法应用到光纤与光接收芯片对准的多自由度搜索中。理论分析了光电探测器的耦合效率数学模型,运用爬山法与模式搜索法进行仿真并与实验结果进行了对比,结果表明模式搜索法在耦合成功率和搜索速度上都明显优于爬山法。针对三自由度的光纤与光接收芯片的对准,使用模式搜索法的平均搜索时间在25s内,比使用爬山法的平均搜索时间约快20s,且使用模式搜索法的耦合成功率达到90%以上,比使用爬山法的耦合成功率高30%左右。     

模式搜索法在光纤有源自动对准中的应用

提出基于模式搜索法的光纤有源自动对准算法,实现了多自由度同时寻优,解决了不同自由度之间的交叉耦合问题,提高了对准速度和对准精度。通过仿真与实验研究,与传统的爬山法进行对比。仿真结果表明,激光二极管与单模光纤五自由度对准时,模式搜索法只需20次迭代就可以找到最大点,收敛速度是爬山法的9倍。实验结果证明,横向调整两个自由度对准时,模式搜索法搜索速度比爬山法平均快10 s,定位成功率达到90%。     

平面光波导精密对准平台运动误差的敏感性分析

在阵列光纤与波导芯片的对准过程中,多自由度精密运动平台的运动精度直接影响其耦合效率。针对此问题,运用多体动力学理论,通过分析运动平台的各项误差源,建立了多自由度精密运动平台的误差模型。采用基于方差的Sobol法对运动平台的各项误差进行敏感性分析,从而得到了各误差参数在敏感方向的影响程度。试验结果与理论分析结果基本吻合,说明该模型具有一定的适用性。该模型可为多自由度精密运动平台的运动精度控制、误差补偿分析以及系统优化设计提供借鉴。     

大光斑离轴式光纤旋转连接器的耦合性能

针对直接对准型离轴式光纤旋转连接器中自聚焦透镜准直器出射光斑小、光纤耦合损耗大和有效对准时间短的问题,本文提出了一种由双合透镜和热扩芯光纤构成的大光斑光纤准直器。基于出射光斑在相对旋转过程中重叠面积的周期性变化规律,分析了准直器间存在径向误差和角向误差时的耦合损耗变化。根据转子圆环和出射光斑尺寸得到耦合损耗为3 dB时的理论有效对准时间。为此搭建了光纤耦合实验平台测试其耦合性能及有效对准时间。实验结果表明,光纤准直器采用的单模光纤模场直径越大耦合损耗越低,其中模场直径为28μm时耦合损耗低至0.22 dB。在转速为60 r/min时,通过光电转化和函数拟合得到四种模场直径光纤准直器的有效对准时间。模场直径为17μm时最大有效对准时间为7.05 ms,与理论值7.1672 ms基本一致。最后应用光纤布拉格光栅传感实现无接触式传输光信号。这种设计为大光斑离轴式光纤旋转连接器的研究及其在光纤传感领域的应用提供了理论和技术支撑。     

三种两自由度柔顺精密定位平台的性能对比与分析

针对传统的缺口型和直片型柔性铰链平台行程不足的特点,设计了一种波纹簧片型柔性铰链,并在此基础上设计了由电磁驱动的两自由度柔顺精密定位平台。基于波纹簧片型、缺口型和直片型柔性铰链平台的特点建立有限元模型分析了这三种平台的静态和模态性能,包括行程,固有频率等。利用电磁驱动作为定位平台的输入驱动,综合对比了三种平台的实际行程,耦合位移,重复定位精度等性能,验证了有限元分析的正确性。结果表明,相比于缺口型和直片型柔性铰链平台,基于波纹簧片型柔性铰链的两自由度柔顺精密定位平台具有行程大,定位精度高的特点,对于柔顺精密定位平台的研究具有重要的参考价值。     

高带宽两自由度并联柔顺精密定位平台的优化设计与实验

针对目前用于原子力显微镜的扫描定位平台带宽低、行程小、耦合性能差等问题,提出了一种基于柔性梁的高带宽两自由度精密定位平台并对该平台进行了优化设计、仿真验证与实验分析。首先,提出了以双端固定梁与平行杂交梁为基础的并联柔顺平台,分别运用卡式第二定理和拉格朗日方程建立了平台刚度和固有频率的数学模型;然后,通过最优化理论获取了平台的最高固有频率及最优设计尺寸,并运用有限元方法验证了优化结果的可靠性;最后,搭建了实验系统,对平台进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:所设计平台的最大行程为12.950μm×13.517μm,耦合误差小于1.77%,X,Y方向的固有频率分别为12.21和13.50kHz,在开环条件下可良好地追踪频率小于1kHz的三角波,有效改善了传统扫描定位平台响应慢、行程小、耦合性能差等问题。     

自动光纤对准系统的研制

为了解决光器件生产中的效率问题 ,研制了自动光纤对准系统。本系统应用了高精度、高速的运动平台 ,采用了高精度运动控制器 ,使用了GPIB通讯技术 ,快速的搜索方法 ,面向对象的编程技术 ,实现了光纤对准工序的自动化     

基于压电陶瓷的并联六自由度平台的位姿控制模型与验证

针对传统电机驱动的小型Stewart平台无法达到纳米级定位的问题,设计了一种基于压电陶瓷的并联六自由度平台。该平台采用球副连接、对称分布及单层结构的设计,起到提升小型Stewart平台的定位精度的目的。通过分析并联六自由度平台定位原理,构建了6个自由度的位姿控制模型。通过仿真软件进行有限元分析,同时,在实体样机上进行实验分析,验证位姿控制模型的正确性。分析结果显示：并联六自由度平台沿X、Y和Z方向的行程均为-13.48～13.99μm,沿U、V方向的行程均为-616.59～639.17μrad,沿W方向的行程为-406.02～391.68μrad。目标位移与实验结果的最大误差为3.71%,验证了位姿控制模型的正确性。     

基于双芯光纤耦合器的高纯度涡旋光产生研究

为了实现全光纤化轨道角动量(orbital angular momentum,OAM)模式产生系统,设计了一种基于标准单模光纤和环芯光纤的双芯光纤耦合器结构.基于模式匹配法和相位匹配原理,仿真计算了双芯光纤耦合区中轨道角动量模式光场及相位的变化.结果表明:当单模光纤中的光场耦合到环芯光纤时,会在环芯光纤中激发出多种高阶...     

二自由度大行程无耦合压电粘滑定位平台

针对微操作与微装配任务对多维大范围精密定位运动的需求,采用粘滑驱动原理并结合压电柔顺机构设计二自由度、大行程、无耦合并联定位平台。利用桥式机构对内置压电驱动器进行位移放大,并与复合解耦结构配合构成二维柔顺驱动机构。交叉滚柱导轨则连接移动台与驱动机构,并通过预紧螺钉调整接触摩擦力,进而获得良好的粘滑运动特性。采用有限元法建立定位平台的静力学模型,并对位移放大倍数、应力和固有频率进行仿真分析。最后,搭建实验测试系统验证定位平台的输出性能。实验结果表明：在扫描驱动模式下,驱动电压为150 V时,平台x和y向的输出位移分别为63.84μm和62.61μm,耦合比为0.52%和0.59%,分辨率为6.5 nm和7.2 nm;在步进驱动模式下,驱动电压为120 V时,平台在x和y向的单步位移分别为47.31μm和47.20μm,耦合比为0.69%和0.73%,x正向、x反向、y正向和y反向的运动分辨率分别为0.49,0.47,0.47和0.42μm,最大垂直负载为50 N,设计的压电粘滑定位平台满足所需性能要求。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.