并联机构位形空间的拓扑结构研究

采用微分拓扑和微分流形为数学工具,分析了并联机构位形空间的拓扑结构特点,阐述了位形空间奇异点与拓扑结构的关系,并以典型的平面和空间并联机构为例进行了具体地分析。     

并联机构的奇异与冗余

分析并联机构的奇异位形对机构精度、刚度的影响 ,提出了采用机构冗余来减小和消除奇异位形的影响的方法 ,并分析几种冗余的方法及其效果。     

基于MEMS声传感器的圆柱壳体振动陀螺振型检测技术

振动陀螺谐振子振型一般采用激光进行非接触式测量,这种方法存在设备成本高、操作复杂、效率低等问题,因此,提出了一种基于MEMS声传感器的圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子振型测试方法。该方法利用体积小,指向性高的MEMS声传感器对谐振子振动声场进行高分辨率测量,获得精确的谐振子振动分布情况,建立了谐振子声波测试实验系统,进行了测试实验,并与激光测振仪的测量结果进行比对。实验结果表明,该测试系统具有较高的振型测量精度。这种测试方法成本低,操作简便,测量精度高,可以实现谐振子振型的高精度快速测量,为后续的谐振子修形及陀螺控制提供重要基础。     

用于光纤对准的柔性铰链微位移机构

提出了一种新型的微位移机构。该机构用步进电机驱动 ,柔性铰链和弹性平板作为传动导向机构 ,可以实现纳米级的运动分辨率。该机构已经应用于光纤对准中的精密调整。     

Relationship between subsurface damage and surface roughness of ground optical materials

A theoretical model of relationship between subsurface damage and surface roughness was established to realize rapid and non-destructive measurement of subsurface damage of ground optical materials.Postulated condition of the model was that subsurface damage depth and peak-to-valley surface roughness are equal to depth of radial and lateral cracks in brittle surface induced by small-radius(radius≤200 μm)spherical indenter,respectively.And contribution of elastic stress field to the radial cracks propagation was also considered in the loading cycle.Subsurface damage depth of ground BK7 glasses was measured by magnetorheological finishing spot technique to validate theoretical ratio of subsurface damage to surface roughness.The results show that the ratio is directly proportional to load of abrasive grains and hardness of optical materials,while inversely proportional to granularity of abrasive grains and fracture toughness of optical materials.Moreover,the influence of the load and fracture toughness on the ratio is more significant than the granularity and hardness,respectively.The measured ratios of 80 grit and 120 grit fixed abrasive grinding of BK7 glasses are 5.8 and 5.4,respectively.     

Scattering loss in optical waveguide with trapezoidal cross section

To get the scattering loss of the trapezoidal core waveguide, a new analysis model is presented based on the perturbation equivalent method and modified effective-index method. Firstly, the trapezoidal core waveguide is successfully equivalent to the rectangular one with both restricting the same optical field energy by adopting the perturbation method. Then, the equivalent rectangular core waveguide is decomposed into two slab waveguides by employing the modified effective-index method. The trapezoidal core waveguide scattering theory model is established based on the slab waveguide scattering theory. With the sidewalls surface roughness in the range from 0 to 100 nm in the single model trapezodial core waveguide, optical simulation shows excellent agreement with the results from the scattering loss model presented. The relationship between the dimension and side-wall roughness with the scattering loss can be determined in the trapezoidal core waveguide by the scattering loss model.     

高灵敏度圆柱壳体振动陀螺的研究

灵敏度是陀螺的重要性能指标,灵敏度的提高可以直接带动精度提高,同时可以拓展陀螺的应用范围。影响圆柱壳体振动陀螺灵敏度的因素很多,本文通过考虑了科里奥利效应(Coriolis effect)的ANSYS谐响应分析,提取产生陀螺效应的圆柱壳体振动陀螺的输出位移,通过比较不同形状谐振子相同激励条件下的输出位移大小来反映灵敏度的大小。采用这种方法分别研究谐振子的各项参数对于陀螺灵敏度的影响规律,并基于仿真结果设计了高灵敏度的参数优化圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子,通过实验验证了该谐振子的高灵敏度。     

基于阶梯掩膜腐蚀的圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子的亚表面残余应力测试与分析

圆柱壳体振动陀螺是一种具有较高精度的金属振动陀螺,陀螺谐振子表面经过加工后会留下残余应力,对其性能影响较大。但目前国内外对圆柱壳体振动陀螺的表面和亚表面应力情况还缺乏深入的研究,针对圆柱壳体振动陀螺振动器件谐振子的几何结构和加工工艺特点进行研究,建立了谐振子切削加工的仿真模型,仿真分析了谐振子的亚表面残余应力的分布规律,并提出一种阶梯掩膜化学腐蚀的方法,对亚表面残余应力进行测试和分析,获得谐振子亚表面应力的分布规律,对实现谐振子的低应力制造和降低残余应力对圆柱壳体振动陀螺零偏稳定性的影响具有较好的指导意义。     

圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子的品质因数研究

品质因数是衡量陀螺振动特性的重要指标,它决定了陀螺的检测灵敏度.首先从理论上分析了影响圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子品质因数的主要因素.然后针对各种因素进行一系列的实验研究,包括谐振子的材料、形状以及尺寸等因素对于陀螺谐振子品质因数的影响.研究结果表明,谐振子的品质因数在很大程度上决定于谐振子材料、谐振环的形状及外径尺寸.材料...     

基于抛物线拟合的光纤自动对准算法

半导体激光器（LD）与单模光纤（SMF）耦合时,峰值功率搜索算法是实现自动对准的关键.对LD和SMF端面耦合特性进行了分析,进而设计了基于抛物线拟合原理的光纤自动对准算法,给出了算法的具体实现方法.实验证明,与传统的爬山法相比,这种算法由于减少了采样点数而缩短了搜索时间,收敛速度快,从而提高了自动对准的速度.