基于DDS的轻敲式原子力显微镜探针驱动方法研究

以DDS芯片AD9833为核心,以NI6229数据采集卡的数字I/O口模拟SPI总线控制AD9833,实现了1Hz到10MHz频率范围内连续正弦信号输出,分辨率达到10-5,最小步进1Hz。数据采集卡与DDS芯片AD9833的结合为轻敲式原子力显微镜探针的驱动提供了稳定精确的正弦信号源。实验证明,此设计硬件电路结构简单,软件控制灵活,输出信号频率稳定,精确。     

基于AD9833信号发生器的设计

介绍了基于AD9833的信号发生器的设计方案。由单片机AT89S52完成系统的控制功能;幅度控制采用AD8320可编程增益放大器和D／A转换芯片TLC7528实现：功率放大电路采用高速缓冲器BUF634。最大可输出250mA的电流。实验表明该系统能够产生正弦波、方波和三角波三种周期性波形,且能实现从1Hz-2MHz的稳定输出,频率稳定度优于10^-4。     

基于DDS技术的便携式波形信号发生器

根据直接数字频率合成(DDS)技术,以可编程DDS集成芯片AD9833为核心,设计了一种便携式信号发生器,可产生正弦波和方波信号.该信号发生器由供电系统、单片机系统、DDS波形发生模块、幅度调节模块、方波发生模块、继电器输出模块等构成,介绍了相应的硬件和软件.实验表明:该信号发生器具有信号频率误差小、分辨率高、体积小、质量轻等优点.     

基于FPGA与AD9744的高精度信号源的系统设计

针对多种地面设备测试实验阶段需要模拟各种信号,以完成测试工作,设计了一种基于FPGA和AD9744的高精度模拟信号源。该信号源采用FPGA作为系统的核心控制器,AD9744为数模转换器,通过以太网接收上位机传输的指令并通过RS422接口将命令转发给模拟量板,实现14 bit的高精度D/A转换,可输出多路多幅值直流信号及交流信号。试验结果表明,该系统符合测量系统测试要求,且测试结果电压精度优于0.1%,交流信号频率精度达到0.01%,稳定性高。     

波形采集、存储与回放系统的设计

该系统以单片机和FPGA为核心控制器件,实现了波形采集、存储与回放功能。整个系统由信号调理、比较电路、采集存储、数据处理、人机交互等模块组成。信号调理模块采用高速低躁声运放AD8038实现高阻输入、幅度控制;比较电路采用LM311实现被采集信号周期的测量;数据采集模块采用AD5540芯片,在FPGA时序控制下采样;C8051F020单片机作为总控制器,与FP-GA内部的双口RAM和读写信号相结合,实现数据的存储,以及回放前数据的读取;信号输出部分采用DA芯片THS5651和高速运放AD8039相结合,实现了低输出阻抗和信号幅度的控制。经测试,系统功能齐全,波形完整,回放频率非常准确。     

合成函数信号发生器的设计

该设计是以FPGA为核心,以C8051F005单片机作为系统控制器,利用直接数字频率合成(DDFS)技术来产生所需要的波形。并且可通过无线传输任意波形数据。通过使用芯片DAC908与AD603实现信号的输出,通过NE5532的调整,使输出信号在0~5 V内可调(负载为50Ω时)。     

导波检测用激励源的设计及应用

研制出一种用AD9833和模拟乘法器MC1496合成产生信号,用单片机控制的导波检测用信号发生器。该信号发生器可根据实际检测条件进行频率、加窗形状、窗体宽度、猝发间隔程控修改等操作。运用该仪器研究分析了特定条件下不同频率,不同脉宽的激励信号的回波信号,确定了检测的最佳频率为100kHz以上,宽度为4个脉冲。运用该仪器的导波检测系统能检测出来5%缺损面积的缺陷,定位精度可达5%。     

基于DDS多功能信号源应用设计

系统采用高品质、高集成度的DDS芯片AD9851作为核心元件,用STM32进行控制输出频率、相位、幅度可调的两路信号。从AD9851输出的信号经过AD603构成的自动增益控制、信号调理电路后,经TFT液晶显示输出信号的频率和幅度等参数。信号输出稳定、精确度高、杂散性小。信号输出频率为50Hz～50MHz,幅度为10mV～2V可调,输出频率精度可达0.04Hz。同时,该信号源具有扫频输出功能。本文针对基于DDS多功能信号源应用设计进行了分析研究。     

Rife和Quinn算法在多通道数据采集系统中的应用研究

针对传统振弦式传感器采集系统精度低,通道数少,实时性差的缺点设计了一种基于ARM和AD9833多通道数据采集系统。该系统将采集调理电路、数据存储、电源供电集成化,具备精度高,实时性强等特点。系统以ARM处理器为核心,结合改进的Rife和Quinn算法对经过FFT变换后的信号得到精确频率,并根据输出信号频率与待测量之间关系进行计算,系统将计算处理后的数据通过无线或有线传输方式将监测数据传输至监测后台,实现实时在线监控监测点的相关信息,上位机解析显示数据并存入数据库。分析实验数据可知,该采集系统与传统采集系统相比精确度更高,采集速度更快,能够提高振弦式传感器的实用性。     

基于AD9833的信号发生器设计与实现

采DDS芯片AD9833为信号产生芯片,AVR单片机ATMega16L为控制器,配合外围I/O器件,设计了一种结构简便,性能优良的信号发生器.经现场验证,该信号发生器可以非常方便地生成各种频率的正弦波、三角波和方波.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

基于多目标非支配解提取法的电力系统无功优化

针对传统的电力系统多目标粒子群优化算法采用权重系数法将多目标转化为单目标,从而忽视了各目标函数间的竞争关系这一问题,提出将非支配解提取法运用到电力系统多目标无功优化中,并设定了一套提取规则,以电力系统中的有功网损、电压偏差和电压稳定裕度为目标,使目标在充分竞争的情况下得出Pareto最优解,利用IEEE-14节点系统对多目标非支配解提取法的电力系统无功优化进行了仿真测试。研究结果表明,该算法一次运行可以得出多组非支配解,既有偏向单个目标的解也有兼顾所有目标的解,克服了权重系数法的盲目性和单一性,可使电力决策者根据实际问题选择最优解,具有较好的灵活性与多样性。     

Hybrid inversion method for equivalent electric charge of thunder cloud based on multi-station atmospheric electric field

This article proposes the hybrid method to inverse the equivalent electric charge of thunder cloud based on the data of multi-station atmospheric electric field. Firstly,the method combines the genetic algorithm( GA) and New ton method through the mosaic hybrid structure. In addition,the thunder cloud equivalent charge is inversed based on the forw ard modeling results by giving the parameters of the thunder cloud charge structure. Then an ideal model is built to examine the performance compared to the nonlinear least squares method. Finally,a typical thunderstorms process in Nanjing is analyzed by Genetic-New ton algorithm with the help of weather radar. The results show the proposed method has the strong global searching capability so that the problem of initial value selection can be solved effectively,as well as gets the better inversion results. Furthermore,the mosaic hybrid structure can absorb the advantages of tw o algorithms better,and the inversion position is consistent with the strongest radar echo.The inversion results find the upper negative charge is small and can be ignored,w hich means the triple-polarity charge structure is relatively scientific,w hich could give some references to the research like lightning forecasting,location tracking.     

虚拟式流体参量集成测试系统及其实现

为了实现对流体参量的自动测量,运用虚拟仪器设计思想,采用组件技术、海量数据存储技术及仪器通用化设计方法,设计并实现了虚拟式流体参量集成测试系统.该系统能同时对流体的温度、压力和流量等进行动态测试.实验室演示表明,该集成测试系统性能稳定,操作简单,功能较强大.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

运用EMD和GA SVM的齿轮故障特征提取与选择

针对齿轮故障特征提取,首先将齿轮箱振动信号进行经验模态分解,得到一组固有模态函数.计算各固有模态函数的能量和矩阵的奇异值,采用Shannon熵和Renyi熵度量能量和奇异值分布,构成原始特征子集.再采用遗传算法和最小二乘支持向量机的Wrapper方法选择最优特征子集.该方法能够利用较少的特征参数集准确判别齿轮故障,提高了齿轮故障诊断的精度与效率.     

基于有限脉冲响应模型的飞机磁场补偿方法

通过分析飞机磁场数学模型,将飞机磁场表示成方向余弦与其乘积项的函数.鉴于模型参数之间存在很强的复共线性,提出了基于有限脉冲响应模型飞机磁场补偿方法.该方法将光泵磁强计和三轴磁强计的输出作为有限脉冲响应模型的输入,由带通滤波器提取信号中的变化成分,再用最小方差估计有限脉冲响应模型参数,并利用有限脉冲响应模型参数计算飞机磁场.从测量总磁场中减去飞机磁场,可得到目标信号磁场数据.最后,通过计算机仿真验证了该磁场补偿方法的有效性.     

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF CONTINUOUS ELECTROMAGNETIC STIRRING FOR MAKING RHEOLOGIC SEMI-SOLID SLURRY OF ZL112Y ALUMINUM ALLOY

To realize the technology of fabricating the rheologic semi-solid slurry of ZL112Y aluminum alloy via continues electromagnetic stirring process, ANSYS software was used to simulate electromagnetic force field and fluid velocity field in the alloy melt in a crucible tube in three coils. In the first section of the paper, eletromagnetic force field and fluid velocity field caused by single coil were simulated. The result of this simulation gives an average velocity of 3.2 cm/s and it is called critical velocity because a fluid velocity over it will cause a fine and spherical structure of solid primary a in a semi-solid melt. And, from this result, a reasonable temperature of semi-solid of the alloy and an electrical current intensity were established. The electrical current intensity of the result of this simulation corresponded to the current intensity used in a practice experiment, in which the primary α was obviously refined and sphericized. Based on this simulation of single coil electromagnetic stirring, in the second section of the paper, eletromagnetic force field and fluid velocity field caused by three coils were simulated. The result of the simulation shows that, 1） there is a semi-solid zone of 32 mm from bottom of the crucible tube to the upper; 2） the electrical current intensities of three coils of 400 A, 600 A, and 400 A, which were set to top range, middle range and bottom range of the tube, respectively, were the optimum parameters of electromagnetic current intensity under the condition of this investigation; and 3） under effect of these electromagnetic current intensity, the fluid velocities of the melt in the tube were 6.3 cm/s in top range, 3.75 cm/s in middle range, and 3.9 cm/s in bottom range of it, respectively.