润滑油生物降解试验研究

分析了润滑油生物降解机理，论述了现行的润滑油生物降解试验方法，用自行设计的土壤模拟法评估润滑油在土壤中的生物降解程度，采用测BOD5／CODcr值法评估润滑油在水中的降解程度。本研究对润滑油的生物降解性研究具有参考价值。     

酸碱性环境及表面活性剂对润滑油生物降解的影响

选用蓖麻油和矿物油基液压油2种不同类型的润滑油作为研究对象,研究不同pH值环境条件下润滑油的生物降解,考察表面活性剂类型及浓度对润滑油生物降解的影响。研究表明,碱性条件下有利于植物油基润滑油的生物降解,酸性环境则有利于矿物油基润滑油的生物降解;阴离子及非离子表面活性剂能促进润滑油的生物降解,而阳离子表面活性剂则会阻碍润滑油生物降解;表面活性剂在临界胶束浓度以下促进生物降解能力较强,高于临界胶束浓度则效果相反。     

滑动轴承内润滑油流动特性分析与实验研究

针对滑动轴承内润滑油流动复杂的特点,提出基于雷诺方程的滑动轴承内润滑油流动特性的数值求解方法.对滑动轴承内润滑油流动情况进行数值模拟计算,得到不同供油压力下的润滑油流量特性和压力分布,并利用润滑油系统试验台进行滑动轴承缩比实验验证.数值模拟计算结果与缩比模型实验结果吻合较好,验证了数值模拟计算方法的可靠性,同时也验证了缩比模型实验方案的正确性,为进一步分析研究滑动轴承润滑技术提供了理论和实验支持.     

润滑油抗冲击能力测试方法研究

为选择在偏心载荷下具有较好油膜刚度的润滑油,提出一种偏心载荷下轴承润滑油膜耐冲击能力的测试方法。该方法以油膜刚度作为评定参数区分偏心载荷下轴承润滑油油品的耐冲击性质。通过自主搭建的实验台进行实验验证,结合分析润滑剂的配方以及测试出的轴承振幅,证明该测试装置与方法能有效区分选择出轴承在偏心载荷下具有较好油膜刚度的润滑油品。     

硫掺杂纳米二氧化钛的水热合成及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱物,无水乙醇为溶剂,盐酸为抑制剂,水作反应剂,用硫脲为掺杂剂,采用水热法制得二氧化钛纳米粉体,并对样品进行硫离子掺杂的研究。通过将掺杂的二氧化钛粉末在可见光下进行光降解试验,研究了非金属硫离子的掺杂规律。试验结果表明,掺杂后的样品光催化降解能力得到了提高,存在最优的掺杂比例,并且在可见光下产生了较好的降解效果。     

可生物降解润滑油基础油抗氧化安定性的研究

通过分析可生物降解润滑油的生物降解性与基础油氧化安定性两方面的要求，合理选用基础油和抗氧抗腐添加剂。引入均匀设计方法，安排多因素试验分析基础油对抗氧添加剂的感受性以及抗氧添加剂的配伍性。应用计算机对实验结果进行处理，最后发现DNA、CuDDP、ZDDP及T706按一定比例复配后使植物基基础油具有良好的抗氧化性能。     

基于变速变负荷条件的润滑油抗磨性测试方法

目前标准的润滑油抗磨性测试方法都是在固定的转速和负荷下进行的.提出一种新的基于变速变负荷条件下的润滑油抗磨性测试方法,并与SH/T 0189 92方法进行比较.结果表明,2种方法得到的润滑油抗磨性能测试结果具有较好的一致性.基于变速变负荷条件的润滑油抗磨性测试方法可缩短试验时间,提高试验效率,可用于润滑油抗磨性的试验研究.     

易降解润滑油对难降解润滑油生物降解性影响研究

研究了生物易降解菜籽油和合成酯类油对生物难降解矿物油和高粘度聚α-烯烃生物降解性能的影响,探讨了复合基础油生物降解性能改善的机制。结果表明,生物易降解基础油能提高生物难降解基础油的生物降解性能,其作用机制是易降解基础油通过诱导和驯化作用,使微生物体内不断产生与驯化物结构相适应的生物降解酶组分,促进了微生物生长,从而使难降解基础油的生物降解性增强。     

可促进润滑油生物降解的新型润滑添加剂研究

设计并合成了N-油酰基丝氨酸添加剂,运用红外光谱表征了其结构,通过摩擦学和生物降解实验考察了其在HVI350矿物油中的摩擦学和生物降解性能,并探讨了其摩擦学和促进润滑油生物降解的作用机制.研究表明:N-油酰基丝氨酸能有效提高矿物基础油的减摩抗磨能力,并能显著提高矿物基础油的生物降解性能,是一种潜在的环境友好润滑添加剂.     

发动机润滑油液质量在线监测传感器研究

开发一种发动机润滑油质量在线监测传感器。该传感器利用多波长光来感知润滑油质量变化情况,对润滑油具有较好的区分能力。实验研究光源强度变化、温度变化对该传感器检测精度的影响,并考察其检测稳定性和对不同等级润滑油的区分能力。结果表明,传感器在实验室条件下能够有效地检测润滑油的质量,且受光源强度变化和环境温度变化的影响较小,具有良好的工作稳定性。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

基于多目标非支配解提取法的电力系统无功优化

针对传统的电力系统多目标粒子群优化算法采用权重系数法将多目标转化为单目标,从而忽视了各目标函数间的竞争关系这一问题,提出将非支配解提取法运用到电力系统多目标无功优化中,并设定了一套提取规则,以电力系统中的有功网损、电压偏差和电压稳定裕度为目标,使目标在充分竞争的情况下得出Pareto最优解,利用IEEE-14节点系统对多目标非支配解提取法的电力系统无功优化进行了仿真测试。研究结果表明,该算法一次运行可以得出多组非支配解,既有偏向单个目标的解也有兼顾所有目标的解,克服了权重系数法的盲目性和单一性,可使电力决策者根据实际问题选择最优解,具有较好的灵活性与多样性。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.