精密主轴回转误差测试的偏心分析

对精密主轴回转误差测试过程中偏心的影响和作用原理进行了深入分析,指出了消除偏心时的一些误区,提出了合适的偏心消除方法,设计了螺钉调整和敲击调整两种偏心调整装置,实验证明敲击调整方案更具操作性和实用性,可使偏心稳定调整到0.5μm以下,对提高精密主轴回转误差的测试精度具有一定意义.     

一种气浮主轴径向回转误差的测量方法

详细论述了双传感器转位法测量气浮主轴径向回转误差的基本原理,该方法能有效地分离出主轴的回转误差和标准钢球的圆度误差,通过消除一次谐波来去除安装偏心。并且设计了回转误差的测试系统,该系统能满足测量的要求。     

车床主轴回转精度数字式单向测量法北大核心

车床主轴回转精度的测量是一项重要的测试课题。针对传统的测量方法需要使用基圆发生器,数据处理困难,测试结果难以在各车床间进行比较等问题,提出了利用数字式单向测量法对车床主轴回转误差进行动态测量。从分析回转误差的测试原理和误差性质出发,建立起回转误差的数学模型,利用信号分析的手段分离出基准球安装偏心误差,并通过计算机仿真对该数学模型及分离方法进行验证和分析。实验结果表明,采用本文的方法对C616主轴回转精度进行测量,其测量结果与DJ-HZ-1型机床回转精度测量分析仪的测量结果基本吻合。     

精密球面磨床主轴回转误差的高精度测量

利用主轴回转误差单点测量法设计了一套测量系统,该系统由高精度标准球、高精度非接触位移传感器和角度传感器组成.阐述了回转误差的测量原理,分析了测量过程中可能引入的测量误差及其消除方法,并进行了实验研究.通过测量系统对测量数据进行了自动获取和分析处理,并用最小二乘法对测量数据进行评定,实现了精密球面磨床主轴回转误差的高精度测量.     

主轴回转精度测试方法研究

回转精度是衡量超精密主轴的关键技术指标。传统的回转精度测试方法存在不足,如单点法和2点法不能实现误差分离;多步法需要进行多次精确转位,不利于在线测量;传统3点法可实现误差分离,但存在原理误差,不能分离主轴回转误差中的一次成分等。文中提出了一种工程测试3点法,该方法采用3个传感器在被测件上严格定点采样;利用3点法圆度误差分离技术分离出被测件圆度误差,利用2点法偏心误差分离技术分离出测试系统偏心误差;从实时采样数据中剔除被测件圆度误差及偏心误差,实现主轴回转误差在线测量及状态监测。揭示了单周采样点数、传感器安装角、偏心误差、传感器误差及角位置误差等因素对3点法测试精度的影响规律,对工程测试3点法的参数选择及形状失真进行了综合分析和优化。试验结果表明:文中所提方法有效。     

主轴顶尖偏心调整机构在数控滚齿机上的应用

数控滚齿机床上误差总是不可避免地存在,特别是数控机床主轴的回转误差更是由多种因素引起的,它的存在将直接影响被加工对象或被测量对象的精度.为此,将自由调节回转偏心的顶尖应用于数控滚齿机上,即使其主轴存在偏心,通过调整此机构,也可使顶尖轴线和回转轴线的回转偏心接近于零.     

数控车床主轴热变形检测及回转精度评定

针对主轴回转热误差包含的多种误差分量,采用双向正交法测量了不同转速温度场下数控车床主轴热变形所引起的回转误差。以复向量描述主轴回转精度理论为基础,利用FFT误差分离方法,从传感器测得的信号中分离并去除检棒的安装偏心及热变形导致的回转中心的偏移量,从而得到精确的主轴回转热误差信息,进而评定数控机床主轴热变形对加工精度的影响。     

主轴回转精度测试中测量球的残留偏心对测量结果的影响

在主轴回转精度的测试中,有时要求测量球应调整得与主轴中心线愈准确愈好,否则会因残留偏心引起圆图象心形畸变,对测试结果带来误差。本文讨论残留偏心对测试结果影响的程度。     

Y9025型圆度仪测量钢球圆度时的调偏心方法

甲Y0025型圆度仪测量套圈和钢球圆度时,具重要步骤是调整被测工件截面中心与圆度仪主轴回转中心同心,因为工件与主轴偏心大小直接影响到圆度误差读数的准确性,偏心越小,测值才能越接近真值。用该仪器测量套圈圆度时,可以直接使用仪器上的调心装置,较方便地调整工件与主轴的偏心。但在测量钢球圆度时,调心装置不好用,过去一贯使用电感比较仪进行手工调整,不仅费时费力,而且调整效果不够理想。为了解决这一问题,我们摸索出借助于仪器传动和测量显示系统调整钢球偏心的方法,既提高了工作效率,又有效地控制了偏心量。     

高速主轴回转误差动态测试与分析

应用双向法设计测试系统,对主轴的回转误差进行动态测试.该系统由高精度标准棒、非接触位移传感器和LMS TEST,LAB采集器组成.阐述了回转误差的测试原理,针对机床主轴测试中标准棒的安装偏心问题,提出了有效解决方法,并进行了实验研究.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...