大容量棉花纤维测试仪的色泽测量研究

简要回顾了大容量棉花纤维测试仪及棉花色泽测量的发展历史.在长期跟踪国外色泽测量技术的基础上,研制了采用45/0照明与观察几何条件、瞄准式亮度传感器并结合光谱分析系统,以及符合CIE规范的标准色板光谱反射比测试系统.基于该系统所标定的色板对色泽仪进行校准,并采用全数字色度检测技术结合尼克松-亨特色度空间,研制完成基于单色板标定的棉花色泽测量仪器并完成对棉花的反射比和黄度测试.该棉花色泽仪在稳定性、台差、校准板测试以及对美国农业部标准棉样的测试中,其测试精度接近进口色泽仪测量水平.     

基于光电积分法的色度测定仪的研制

针对物体表面色度、白度等参数的测量需求,研制了一种测量物体表面色度、白度等参数的色度测定仪。该仪器采用光电积分法,以单片机为核心,由积分球、I／V变换电路、A／D转换器件、测量显示电路等构成,给出了一种光电积分式的测量方法。该仪器通过色度探测器对被测颜色光谱能量进行积分,直接获得目标的三刺激值。结果表明,该仪器可以准确地测量试样的色度值,并通过友好的显示界面可以方便快捷地观察到测量结果。     

基于电阻测量原理的新型棉花水分在线自动测量仪

根据电阻式棉花水争测试原理，利用Phillp380C552单片机设计了一种新型棉花水分在线自动测量仪。棉花压紧机的运动位置由霍尔器件自动判断；测量结果的温度补偿由单片机的计算功能实现。通过与主控系统的串行通信，实现了对测试仪的自动控制。实测结果表明，仪器含水率测量误差小于0.6%，低于国内现有同类仪器的测量误差（1%）。     

智能化棉花色泽分级系统的设计

分析了ＣＩＥ１９３１ＸＹＺ色度系数光谱三刺激值与棉花色泽参数之间的关系，取得棉花体表的颜色参数，实现对棉花色泽的客观分级处理。为保证分级的正确性，还讨论了准确模拟人眼视觉色觉功能的ｙ＾－（λ），ｚ＾－（λ）光电探测器的研制方法，并介绍了系统的工作原理和测量系统的设计。     

光电积分式色度仪器的定标研究

目前,新颖的光电积分式色度仪器的光电探测器具有若干种不同的光谱匹配方式,而且仪器都应用了电流电抵变换器电路及数字显示技术,并结合有软件功能。校正这种仪器可运用色度学知识,通过仪器硬件和软件的结合,能快速、精确地对任何色源进行一次性可靠定标。实际应用证明本方法是方便而有效的。本文拟介绍这种定标原理及其实施方法,并针对由浙江大学光仪系研制成功的CL-Ⅱ型彩色亮度计和WB-1型彩色电视白平衡自动调试仪的定标实例加以粗浅的探讨。     

棉花色泽仪的研制

棉花色泽仪的研制＊林敏叶关荣（深圳大学深圳５１８０６０）（浙江大学杭州３１００２７）１引言颜色作为评价棉花质量的指标之一已有二百多年历史了,当然,这主要是通过分级员的眼睛来确定的。但是,人眼只能比较测量两个颜色的差别,而不能对颜色进行绝对测量,因此目...     

色度测量在包装印刷中的应用

介绍了色度测量的颜色表示法和色差的计算并说明了控制色差在生产中的实际意义，以及色度测量在包装印刷品质量控制中的实际应用。     

一种新型便携式甲霜灵胶体金试纸条显色分析仪的研制

甲霜灵胶体金试纸条用于现场快速检测进出口蔬菜甲霜灵农药残留量.在对试纸条光谱测量分析的基础上,研制出一种基于图像测量的便携式甲霜灵试纸条显色分析仪器,该仪器集成了样品滴定、定时检测、显色度分析、身份认证等多种功能,实现了试纸条的自动检测、显色度数值分析和数据存储.实验测定了浓度为2～50 ng/mL的标准浓度甲霜灵农药滴定的试纸条,结果表明,浓度<40 ng/mL时,显色度与浓度线性相关,而浓度>40 ng/mL时,显色度差异不明显.     

脉冲多通道快速分光显微色度仪

本文开发了一种用于颜色产品微面积精细颜色测量、采用脉冲氙灯光源、光纤环形照明、全息平场凹面光栅型脉冲多通道快速分光显微色度仪。该仪器结构简单、色分辩率高、色品坐标精度为０．００２、最小分辨线视场为０．０１ｍｍ，测量光谱范围为可见区、光谱分辨率为１０ｎｍ、测量时间间隔短、能进行较暗物体和荧光物体的微面积精细颜色测量，并能给出各种标准照明体和各种色度系统下的色度参数     

自动化汽车灯色度测试仪的原理与结构

介绍了一种自动测试汽车车灯色度仪器的设计原理、结构框图和精度分析。仪器采用微机控制、数据采集、标准判别和表格打印, 是车灯行业理想的测试仪器。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

基于多目标非支配解提取法的电力系统无功优化

针对传统的电力系统多目标粒子群优化算法采用权重系数法将多目标转化为单目标,从而忽视了各目标函数间的竞争关系这一问题,提出将非支配解提取法运用到电力系统多目标无功优化中,并设定了一套提取规则,以电力系统中的有功网损、电压偏差和电压稳定裕度为目标,使目标在充分竞争的情况下得出Pareto最优解,利用IEEE-14节点系统对多目标非支配解提取法的电力系统无功优化进行了仿真测试。研究结果表明,该算法一次运行可以得出多组非支配解,既有偏向单个目标的解也有兼顾所有目标的解,克服了权重系数法的盲目性和单一性,可使电力决策者根据实际问题选择最优解,具有较好的灵活性与多样性。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.