金属管件冷成形技术研究进展

管材冷成形由于容易满足塑性成形产品轻量化、强韧化和低耗高效、精确制造等方面的要求,在核电、航空航天、汽车工业等许多行业中得到广泛的应用.管材弯曲和液压胀形成形工艺的研究是其中备受关注并得到迅速发展的重要领域之一.主要阐述了国内外弯管和液压胀形工艺的最新研究进展和发展趋势.     

汽车离合器衬套多道次工艺设计与仿真

针对所研究的离合器衬套的特点,设计了整个工艺流程,包括落料、拉深、胀形、冲锻复合成形、冲孔和修边,其中通过多模块胀形工艺成形零件周向均布的36个齿槽,通过冲锻复合成形工艺实现零件底部的壁厚变化,重点分析了胀形工艺和冲锻复合工艺的实现过程.采用有限元软件DEFORM-3D模拟整个工艺过程,模拟结果表明:胀形工艺能够完整、准确地成形出零件周向均布的齿槽,冲锻复合成形工艺成功实现了零件底部壁厚的变化,整个工艺流程切实可行.     

基于径压胀形确定管材的摩擦因数

摩擦对管材液压成形有极大的影响,管材摩擦因数的确定是一项极其重要的工作。在分析比较现有测试方法的基础上,基于径压胀形原理及其变形规律提出确定管材液压成形胀形区摩擦因数的新模型。该模型以恒定内压力下圆形管材径压胀形成方形断面后,以断面对角线长度差作为确定摩擦因数的测量指标。对比对角线长度差的有限元数值模拟结果及实测结果,以此确定管材液压成形时胀形区的摩擦因数。对低碳钢及不锈钢管的有限元数值模拟分析表明：对角线长度差与摩擦因数及内压力均成指数关系,该长度差对摩擦力很敏感且可方便测量,也可作为针对管材液压成形胀形区润滑剂特性的评定指标。所提出的新模型具有简单、实用等优点。     

基于有限元模拟的铝合金管液压胀形的工艺研究

在研究管材液压胀形工艺的基础上,采用理论分析和计算机数值模拟相结合的方法对铝合金管液压胀形过程进行研究。通过理论分析计算出胀形力的大小,利用有限元软件,分析比较了胀形压力、胀形速度和摩擦因数对管件胀形成形质量的影响。模拟结果表明:胀形压力与胀形速度必须相匹配;管坯与模具之间的摩擦因数在成形力允许的情况下,尽可能的大一些。     

管材液压胀形高度影响因素分析与有限元模拟

为了评价管材液压胀形的成形性能,通过理论分析并采用有限元模拟的方法对管材液压胀形高度的影响因素进行了研究,发现在一定范围内随着应变硬化指数n值和各向异性指数r值的增大,材料胀形高度升高;而摩擦系数f值越小,则材料的胀形成形性能越好.     

汽车离合器衬套多道次工艺设计与仿真

针对所研究的离合器衬套的特点,设计了整个工艺流程,包括落料、拉深、胀形、冲锻复合成形、冲孔和修边,其中通过多模块胀形工艺成形零件周向均布的36个齿槽,通过冲锻复合成形工艺实现零件底部的壁厚变化,重点分析了胀形工艺和冲锻复合工艺的实现过程。采用有限元软件DEFORM-3D模拟整个工艺过程,模拟结果表明：胀形工艺能够完整、准确地成形出零件周向均布的齿槽,冲锻复合成形工艺成功实现了零件底部壁厚的变化,整个工艺流程切实可行。
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板料液压成形的研究现状

介绍了板料液压成形的原理和方法,对板料液压拉深成形、管材液压胀形和壳体液压成形这三种典型的板料液压成形工艺进行了详细分析,并对板料液压成形的发展趋势进行了展望。     

管材液压成形中胀形区摩擦系数测量方法

摩擦对管材液压成形有重要的影响,因而对摩擦系数测量方法的研究具有重要意义。简述了近年来管材液压成形中胀形区摩擦系数的测量方法,对比分析了它们的优点与不足。基于管材径压胀形原理,提出了一种测量胀形区摩擦系数的新方法,并设计和制造了相应的测量装置。本测试装置具有简单、直观、易于实现等优点。     

管材液压胀形高度影响因素分析与有限元模拟

为了评价管材液压胀形的成形性能，通过理论分析并采用有限元模拟的方法对管材液压胀形高度的影响因素进行了研究，发现在一定范围内随着应变硬化指数n值和各向异性指数r值的增大，材料胀形高度升高；而摩擦系数f值越小，则材料的胀形成形性能越好。     

超高压管材液压成形控制系统的研制

介绍了管材液压成形工艺,根据液压成形原理,自主研制出具备高压发生器、阀门管路等配件的超高压液压系统,同时通过可编程控制器实现对电磁元件的控制,有效地解决了管材在液压成形过程中的端口密封、进给补料等关键问题,为管材液压成形的实验研究奠定了基础。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...