不同种类蔬菜与肉菜配比对猪肉蔬菜香肠的影响

以猪肉为主要原料,研究不同种类蔬菜以及猪肉与蔬菜的配比、混合方式、肥瘦比例以及卡拉胶添加量对猪肉蔬菜香肠品质风味的影响.试验结果表明选择芹菜与猪肉混合、添加量5%,肥瘦比为19,卡拉胶添加量0.05%的猪肉蔬菜香肠最佳.蔬菜、肥瘦比两因素对猪肉蔬菜香肠的影响显著(P＜0.05).卡拉胶添加量对猪肉蔬菜香肠的影响不显著(P＞0.05).     

川明参保健猪肉香肠的研制

在传统四川风味香肠的加工工艺基础上,通过川明参添加量、猪肉肥瘦比、淀粉添加量进行单因素试验和正交试验,以香肠的色差、质构性能和感官特性为评价指标,确定了川明参保健猪肉风味香肠的最佳配方。结果表明:在基础配方不变的情况下,影响香肠品质的大小顺序是川明参淀粉猪肉肥瘦比,即川明参用量10%、猪肉肥瘦比2∶8、淀粉添加量8%。在此条件下,质构与感官品质较高。     

小米香肠的研制

实验主要研究小米在猪肉香肠中的应用及其对香肠品质的影响。实验以猪肉为主要原料,添加小米、玉米淀粉等辅料,通过单因素实验和正交实验确定小米香肠的最佳工艺配方:小米添加量为原料肉的6%,淀粉添加量为原料肉的8%,猪肉肥瘦比例为1:4,所得产品感官评价、质构测定结果均较好。     

蚬鲢鱼肉香肠加工新工艺研究

以白鲢鱼肉为主要原料,按一定比例添加蚬子肉、猪肉和绿茶等,应用双螺杆挤压技术研制了蚬子-白鲢鱼肉香肠。通过采用单因素和正交实验,以产品质量感官评定和质构特性(TPA)为评价指标,研究猪肉肥瘦比、绿茶添加量和蚬子添加量对香肠品质的影响。结果表明:蚬子添加量对香肠的品质影响最大,猪肉肥瘦比与绿茶添加量次之,最终获得的产品最优配比为猪肉肥瘦比为4∶6,绿茶的添加量为1%,蚬子的添加量为10%,以此最佳配方加工的蚬-鲢鱼肉香肠口感细腻、风味独特,各项理化指标均符合国家标准。     

胡萝卜营养香肠的研制

以猪肉为主要原料,选用常见的蔬菜胡萝卜经打浆后添加到肉馅中。研究蔬菜的添加量、肥瘦肉质量比例以及卡拉胶添加量对蔬菜香肠品质风味的影响,采用正交试验、感官评定与理化检测确定了主要原料的最佳配方:胡萝卜添加量为10%,肥瘦肉质量比为2.5∶7.5,卡拉胶添加量为0.3%。     

新型松仁玉米香肠的研制

探讨以松仁、玉米为主要辅助原料新型低温香肠的生产工艺和配方,采用正交试验方法,研究制作松仁玉米香肠的最佳工艺,通过对松仁玉米香肠的组织状态、风味、口感、色泽、营养指标等的检测,找出不同复合比例的最佳配比.结果表明松仁添加量1.5%、玉米添加量8%、洋葱添加量1%、胡萝卜2%,香肠添加变性淀粉6%、肥瘦比例2:8,制作出...     

复合蔬菜粒香肠配方的优化

为了研制出营养均衡、风味特别的蔬菜香肠,以猪肉为原料,添加了比例为2∶2∶1的胡萝卜、杏鲍菇、洋葱3种蔬菜,通过单因素试验研究出蔬菜添加量、淀粉添加量及肥瘦比对蔬菜香肠物性及感官品质的影响,采用响应面试验的方法,对配方进行优化,研制出蔬菜粒香肠的最佳配方。结果表明,当蔬菜添加量为25%,肥瘦比为1.5∶8.5,淀粉添加量为9%时,生产出的复合蔬菜粒香肠表面干爽,无油;横切面的颜色较好,组织有弹性,蔬菜颗粒分布均匀,紧密结合性好,既有肉的鲜嫩又有蔬菜的鲜香,其口感与风味都优于普通肉质香肠。     

紫菜鳕鱼猪肉灌肠的研制

以紫菜、鱼肉、猪肉为主要原料制作灌肠。主要研究紫菜添加量、鱼肉添加量、猪肉肥瘦比和淀粉添加量对灌肠品质的影响。结果表明,紫菜鳕鱼添加于猪肉中可制作新型灌肠;紫菜最适添加量10%,鱼肉最适添加量为20%,猪肉的肥瘦比为3∶7,淀粉最适添加量为6%。     

黑豆香肠加工工艺研究

研究以猪瘦肉和猪肥肉为主要原料,添加黑豆、淀粉等辅料的黑豆香肠的工艺配方。通过单因素实验和正交实验获得其最佳配方:黑豆添加量为原料肉的10%,猪肉肥瘦比例为1∶5,淀粉添加量为原料肉的10%,所得产品感官评价、质构测定结果均较好。     

胡萝卜海带香肠的研制

以胡萝卜、海带及猪肉为原料,开发出一种蔬菜香肠新产品,即胡萝卜海带香肠。通过胡萝卜海带添加比例,蔬菜总添加量,淀粉添加量和瘦肉与肥肉比4个单因素试验和正交试验,以香肠的感官特性为评价指标来确定胡萝卜海带香肠的最佳配方和最佳工艺条件。结果表明:当胡萝卜海带质量之比为2∶1,蔬菜添加量为20%,肥瘦肉质量比为2∶8,淀粉添加量为10%时,制得的香肠产品最佳。     

香菇灌肠工艺的研究

在灌肠过程中加入香菇能够改善灌肠风味,提高肠类的营养价值和保健功能。主要研究了香菇灌肠工艺的最佳工艺配方,采用正交试验设计,对影响香菇灌肠品质的3个主要因素—猪肉和鸡肉比例、香菇添加量、淀粉用量进行探讨,以确定香菇灌肠生产的最佳工艺配方。通过正交试验得出:猪肉:鸡肉=5:5,香菇10%,淀粉10%。     

Spray Dried Soymilk Used in Reduced Fat Pork Sausage Patties

Spray-dried soymilks (SDSM) prepared from standard and lipoxygenase-null soybeans were incorporated into reduced fat pork sausage (PS). Comparisons of fat content, tenderness and consumer acceptance of SDSM PS with cooked regular (～30% fat), lean (～13% fat) and car-rageenan (0.4%) formulations were made. SDSM mixtures had 50-60% less fat and 41% lower caloric content than regular PS. Protein content and cooking yield were higher in SDSM PS than in regular PS. Texture of lean PS was improved by addition of SDSM, without alteration of flavor. No differences in PS flavor were noted between SDSMs or among formulations.     

新型红枣肉类复合灌肠工艺研究

本文介绍了将红枣粉添加到猪肉中制成复合灌肠的工艺研究。通过L9（3^4）正交试验并结合感观评定得出最优组合：肥瘦比1：4，红枣粉10％，淀粉8％。最后以最佳组合糊成灌肠在常温下一个月存放时间后，进行理化指标和微生物指标检测，测得各项指标均符合肉与肉制品国家标准。总之红枣肉类复合灌肠具有红枣和肉的风味，同时具有提高灌肠的营养价值和改善灌肠风味等作用。     

SELECTED SENSORY AND CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF CHICKEN BREAKFAST SAUSAGES FROM DIFFERENT ANIMAL FAT SOURCES

Four breakfast sausage formulations were prepared to contain: (1) chicken lean + chicken fat (CF), (2) chicken lean + beef fat (BF), (3) chicken lean + pork fat (PF), or (4) chicken lean + high-oleic pork fat (PO). Formulations were targeted to contain 15% fat. Acceptability, tenderness, juiciness and flavor scores for each of the formulations as measured by a consumer taste panel (n = 71), were not different (P> 0.05). Sausages prepared with CF had a higher (P < 0.05) cooking loss and lower fat content than those prepared with BF. Thibarbituric acid (TBA) values for PO were significantly lower than those containing BF, PF, or CF. Sausage products containing chicken fat exhibited the highest TBA values during 9 days of storage at 4°C. These results suggested that chicken, beef, pork or high-oleic fats can be used as the fat source in low-fat chicken breakfast sausages without affecting the product acceptability.     

菊粉、大豆拉丝蛋白及茶叶提取物在发酵香肠中的应用

以菊粉部分代替肥肉,以大豆拉丝蛋白部分代替瘦肉,在肉馅中添加茶叶提取物,通过质构仪结合感官评定,对产品主料配方进行研究,确定产品的主料配方为:猪瘦肉56%、猪肥肉10%、菊粉10%、大豆拉丝蛋白9%、茶叶提取物15%。用少量的菊粉及大豆拉丝蛋白分别部分替代肥肉及瘦肉,添加少量茶叶提取物生产发酵香肠可行,在此条件下,产品色泽均匀,茶香味与发酵芳香风味协调,口感润滑,质地紧密。     

THE EFFECT OF FAT CONTENT AND FLAVOR ENHANCERS ON THE PERCEIVED SALTINESS OF COOKED 'BOLOGNA-TYPE' SAUSAGES

The effect of varying fat content (8, 12, 16, 20, 24 and 28%) on sausage perceived saltiness was studied using two different formulations, each with 1.2 and 2.0% NaCl. The formulations were made either by varying the proportions of lean pork and pork fat (Series 1) or by replacing water with pork fat on an equal weight basis (Series 2). The replacement of lean pork with pork fat increased the perceived saltiness of the sausages. When water was replaced with pork fat on an equal weight basis the perceived saltiness of the sausage, however, did not change. There was a strong negative correlation (P<0.01) between perceived saltiness and protein content thus suggesting a causative link between these factors. The flavor-enhancing properties of monosodium glutamate (MSG) and Ribotide (monosodium glutamate and 5'-ribonucleotides IMP and GMP) were also studied. MSG only slightly improved the sensory properties of the cooked sausages.     

猪肉、脂肪以及淀粉含量对鱼肉肠品质的影响

作者主要利用响应面(RSM)研究脂肪、猪肉含量和淀粉的添加量对鱼肉肠产品品质的影响.鱼肉肠产品品质主要通过感官评定和质构来衡量.结果表明,淀粉对鱼肉肠的硬度和咀嚼性具有显著性影响,对鱼肉肠的内聚性和弹性影响较小.随着脂肪含量的减少,鱼肉肠的硬度、咀嚼性和弹性都在增大.猪肉和鱼糜的质量比增大,导致鱼肉火腿的质构和风味发生变化.经过RSM优化后参数为,淀粉质量分数8.8％,脂肪质量分数7.8％,猪肉和鱼肉的质量比为1:4.     

鱼肉羊肉猪肉复合香肠的开发研究

以新鲜的鱼肉、羊肉、猪肉为主要原料，根据其生物学和生物化学特性，运用正交试验设计和模糊数学理论，采用复合式即食香肠制作新工艺，研制了一种营养价值较高、风味独特、质构较好的鱼肉、羊肉、猪肉复合香肠。产品色泽均匀一致，淡红偏白，具有鱼肉、羊肉和猪肉的复合香味，肉质细嫩，口感良好，咸淡适宜，组织紧密，光滑有弹性。经产品质量检验，各项指标均符合肉与肉制品国家标准。主要原料配比为：鱼肉60g、羊肉54a、猪肉100a、猪肥腰15a.     

猪肝肠加工工艺的研究

对猪肝肠的加工工艺进行了初步探讨。结果表明：以60％猪肝为主要原料,用15％的肥肉、12％的猪皮、5％的改性淀粉、4％的白糖、2％的食盐、1％的胡椒粉、0．5％大曲酒及0．5％味精等辅料配合,经清洗、绞切、斩拌、灌制、漂洗、煮制、烘干、冷却及包装等工艺加工,即可制得品质风味优良的猪肝肠制品。     

EVALUATION OF GROUND PORK AND PORK SAUSAGE CONTAINING DIFFERENT FORMS OF APPLE PRODUCTS

Fat contents of ground pork were altered by reducing the amounts of fat trim incorporated and by the inclusion of different apple products (fresh, rehydrated, and sauce). Panelists could discriminate between ground pork containing 15% or 30% fat (without apples) and between ground pork with 0% or 15% apple (25% fat) but not between formulations with 15% or 25% fat and 10% apple (p<0.05). Incorporation of apple products (15% of total formulation weight) into reduced-fat pork sausage containing 15% fat yielded formulations with comparable flavor and preference scores to sausage with 30% fat, depending on the apple product. Total fat of cooked pork sausage can be reduced by approximately 35% by incorporation of apple products (15%) into reduced fat pork sausage. Inclusion of fresh or rehydrated apples did not significantly influence psychrotrophic bacteria populations or the color of pork sausage stored at 1–2C up to eight days.