枸杞多肽的制备及其抗氧化活性研究

研究了中性蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶复合水解制备枸杞活性肽的工艺条件,并采用离子交换层析和凝胶柱层析对酶解产物进行纯化,以制备具有较高抗氧化活力的枸杞多肽.以DPPH·清除率为指标,通过响应面优化得到最佳酶解工艺条件:酶解温度51℃,中性蛋白酶与木瓜蛋白酶质量比1∶2.65,酶解时间4.3 h,p H=7.0.此条件下得到的枸杞多肽对DPPH·清除率为(23.32±0.47)%.分别采用DEAE阴离子交换层析和Sephadex G-25凝胶柱层析对枸杞多肽进行分离,最终获得DPPH·和OH·清除率分别为(72.65±1.84)%和(58.72±1.88)%的A-1组分,该组分的DPPH·清除能力、ABTS+·清除能力和OH·清除能力均随浓度的增大而提高.     

裸燕麦球蛋白酶解液的纯化及其抗氧化研究

通过Osborne法制得的裸燕麦球蛋白,利用碱性蛋白酶对其进行酶解,采用Sephadex G-25凝胶层析对酶解液进行纯化及其分子质量测定,然后对各分离组分清除 ·OH、O2－ ·、DPPH自由基能力进行研究。结果表明：酶解液经分离纯化得到图谱为2个峰,分别为组分I(分子质量10738～133929D)和组分II(分子质量114～861D)。测得组分II清除 ·OH(IC50 0.589mg/mL)、O2－ ·(IC50 1.783mg/mL)、DPPH自由基(IC50 0.095mg/mL)能力高于组分I和酶解液。     

明胶抗氧化肽的分离、纯化及其清除羟自由基活性的研究

为制备具有抗氧化活性的明胶肽,本实验采用不同的酶水解明胶,并对酶解产物采用超滤技术分离,利用分光光度法检测超滤后所得多肽组分对羟基自由基(·OH)的清除能力;进一步对抗氧化活性较强的组分利用葡聚糖Sephadex C-25阳离子交换色谱、Sephadex G-50凝胶过滤色谱和C18反向高效液相色谱进行分离、纯化,并对其各组分清除·OH活性进行了研究,最后对所得洗脱组分中具有最强清除自由基活性的多肽组分的分析氨基酸组成,结果显示:组分中甘氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸含量较高的肽具有较好的抗氧化活性,·OH清除率达到55.37%。     

黄鳍金枪鱼皮胶原肽酶解工艺及抗氧化活性研究

以金枪鱼皮为原料,以肽得率、水解度和感官评价为指标,确定金枪鱼皮胶原肽酶解的最优工艺条件是:中性蛋白酶,酶解时间4 h,酶添加量1 000 U/g,此时肽得率29.03%。体外抗氧化能力测定结果:金枪鱼皮胶原蛋白酶解物具有一定的抗氧化活性,总还原力是VC总还原力的60%;与VC相比,DPPH·清除率(IC50=0.43 mg/m L)、O22-清除率(IC50=3.67 mg/m L)、卵磷脂过氧化物清除率(IC50=14.67 mg/m L)较低,·OH清除率(IC50=0.39 mg/m L)、H2O2清除率(IC50=0.05 g/m L)较高。该酶解物能显著降低油脂的过氧化值,然而降低幅度略低于VC。     

长白山核桃楸种仁抗氧化肽制备及其活性研究

以长白山核桃楸种仁分离蛋白为原料,采用Box-Benhnken响应面法对影响还原能力的主要因素p H、温度、加酶量和底物浓度进行研究。确定其最佳工艺参数为:p H7.6,酶解温度50℃,加酶量4 510 U/g,底物浓度4.6%,时间4 h,该条件下其还原能力为0.35,水解度为16.50%。抗氧化活性试验表明,随着分离蛋白酶解产物浓度的增加,对DPPH、ABTS、·OH的清除作用及还原能力逐渐增加。当酶解产物浓度达到0.8 mg/m L时,对ABTS的清除率为VC的100%,当浓度达到1.2 mg/m L时,对DPPH的清除率达到相同浓度VC的90.08%。浓度继续增加到15 mg/m L时,对·OH的清除作用为VC的94.56%;这说明优化后的核桃楸种仁分离蛋白酶解产物对DPPH和ABTS具有较强的清除作用,对·OH的清除作用比VC弱。     

棉籽肽的制备工艺、抗氧化活性及部分特性研究

以水解度(DH)及DPPH·清除率为考察指标,利用单因素实验和正交实验探讨碱性蛋白酶酶解棉籽蛋白制备棉籽肽的最佳工艺条件。以VC为对照研究了棉籽肽的总还原力、对·OH及O-2·的清除作用及部分特性。结果表明,棉籽肽的最佳制备条件为:反应时间180 min,p H 9.5,温度55℃,底物质量浓度3.00 mg/m L,碱性蛋白酶加酶量50 U/m L。在最佳条件下,棉籽肽的DPPH·清除率为63.42%,DH为85.90%。棉籽肽的·OH及O-2·清除率均随其质量浓度增大而增强,半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为0.044 mg/m L和0.046 mg/m L,且均强于VC。棉籽肽总还原力与其质量浓度呈剂量依赖关系,稍弱于VC。棉籽肽等电点约为p H 2,不同p H下,棉籽肽的·OH清除率均在60 min时达到最大,但在不同温度下,棉籽肽·OH清除率随时间变化不大,60℃时达到最大值。     

诺邓火腿抗氧化肽的分离纯化与鉴定

提取诺邓火腿抗氧化肽,经过Sephadex G-25凝胶色谱进行分离纯化,对各组分进行体外抗氧化试验(清除·OH、清除DPPH自由基、螯合Fe~(2+))研究抗氧化活性;将抗氧化活性最强的组分经葡聚糖凝胶G-15(Sephadex G-15)凝胶色谱再次分离纯化,最后对抗氧化活性最强的组分通过基质辅助激光解析串联飞行时间质谱仪(MALDI-TOF-MS)对抗氧化肽进行测序鉴定。试验结果:诺邓火腿抗氧化肽经Sephadex G-25凝胶色谱进行分离纯化后得到4个组分(A、B、C和D),其中组分C的抗氧化活性最强,质量浓度为1 mg/mL时,·OH清除率、DPPH自由基清除率和Fe~(2+)螯合率分别达到50.01%、48.32%和34.37%,与其他组分(A、B和D)相比,差异极显著(p0.01);组分C经Sephadex G-15凝胶色谱分离纯化的5个组分(C_1、C_2、C_3、C_4和C_5),其中C_3组分抗氧化活性最强,质量浓度为1 mg/m L时,·OH清除率、DPPH自由基清除率和螯合Fe~(2+)分别达到73.01%、51.21%和65.23%,与其他组分(C_1、C_2、C_4和C_5)相比,差异极显著(p0.01);通过MALDI-TOF-MS对C_3组分抗氧化肽进行测序鉴定,得到抗氧化肽序列。     

海参水煮液多肽的抗氧化活性

海参水煮液是海参加工灭酶过程中产生的废液,其中含有蛋白质等营养成分。采用大孔树脂吸附酶解后海参水煮液,用30%、60%和90%乙醇依次洗脱,得到3种多肽组分,命名为组分Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ。氨基酸分析结果说明,组分Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ的氨基酸总量分别为73.1%、81.99%和59.3%,组氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸的含量均较高。采用电子顺磁共振波谱(ESR)测各组分的抗氧化活性,组分Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ对DPPH·自由基清除率的IC50分别为4.35、11.54、12.92 mg/m L;对·OH自由基清除率的IC50分别为11.58、12.43、10.28 mg/m L。     

海蜇生殖腺酶解肽的抗氧化活性和ACE抑制活性研究

为实现海蜇加工副产物生殖腺的高值化利用,以海蜇性腺脱脂粉为原料,选用中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶分别对海蜇生殖腺进行水解,以酶解产物(JGHP)的水解度、DPPH清除活性和ACE抑制活性为指标,选择制备海蜇生殖腺活性肽的工具酶。经超滤膜将酶解产物分成JGPH-P1(大于3000 u)、P2(1000~3000 u)、P3(小于1000 u)三个部分,分别测定三部分的DPPH清除活性和ACE抑制活性。结果表明,中性蛋白酶水解所得产物的水解度、DPPH清除率和ACE抑制活性均优于其他三种蛋白酶;JGHP超滤后,其中组分JGHP-P3的活性较高。利用电子自旋共振(ESR)技术检测JGHP-P3对DPPH·、·OH、O-2·的清除活性。其ACE抑制活性IC50为1.06 mg/m L,DPPH·、·OH、O-2·的清除活性IC50分别为0.38、0.63、0.59 mg/m L。由此可见,经中性蛋白酶水解得到的JGPH中小于1000 u的组分具有较高的抗氧化和ACE抑制活性。     

酶法水解荞麦球蛋白制备抗氧化活性肽的研究

分别采用3 种蛋白酶水解荞麦球蛋白,以酶解液水解度和对O2·的清除率为指标,研究酶解荞麦球蛋白的最佳工艺。并进一步对酶解产物进行Sephadex G-25 凝胶柱层析分离,然后对其各分离组分清除O2·、·OH 和DPPH·的能力及分子量分布进行研究。结果显示：采用碱性蛋白酶水解荞麦球蛋白效果优于胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶,最佳酶解工艺条件为：加酶量20000U/g,温度55℃,pH9,底物浓度5%,反应时间2h;经柱层析分离得到的分子量小于1000D 的组分Ⅲ显示了较强的抗氧化能力。其清除O2·、·OH 与DPPH·的IC50 分别为0.75、0.897、0.38mg/ml,高于分子量较大的组分Ⅰ和未经分离的荞麦球蛋白酶解液。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.