外切型琼胶酶AgaO的高效表达及酶学性质表征

根据大肠杆菌的密码子偏好性,优化外切型琼胶酶AgaO的基因并人工全合成,克隆入表达载体质粒pET-30a(+),转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),优化表达条件即诱导温度、诱导时间和诱导剂IPTG终浓度,纯化重组蛋白rEAgaO,并分析其酶学性质变化。结果表明,重组酶rEAgaO在16 ℃、IPTG终浓度0.1 mmol/L条件下诱导20 h时表达量最高;95%以上的重组蛋白质为水溶性表达,产量约为1432.7 mg/L,较优化前原始基因的产量提高了10.9倍;重组酶rEAgaO的最适反应温度为45 ℃,在低于40 ℃的温度下预处理2 h后,仍然具有90%以上的残余活性,最适pH为7.0,在pH6.0~10.0不同缓冲体系4 ℃处理2 h仍保留69.5%以上的活性;该酶降解琼脂糖后的最终产物经TLC分析鉴定为新琼二糖。基因密码子优化虽不改变蛋白质氨基酸序列,但可明显提高水溶性重组蛋白质的产率及酶活,对促进相关酶类的生产和应用具有借鉴意义。     

半乳糖苷酶基因在大肠杆菌中过量表达及IPTG诱导条件

从嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌 (IAM 110 0 1)中克隆出编码热稳定的半乳糖苷酶蛋白基因bgaB ,构建具T7强启动子的pET 2 0 (b) bgaB质粒 ,并在大肠杆菌BL2 1(DE3)中进行表达 .经IPTG诱导后 ,重组菌周质中乳糖酶酶活达到 0 .12U /mL ,胞内酶活为 1.35U /mL ,比酶活为 6 .6 6U/mg蛋白 ,比酶源菌产生的酶活提高 5 0倍 .通过对IPTG诱导时机、诱导浓度和诱导时间的优化研究 ,重组菌产生的比酶活进一步提高至酶源菌的 90倍 .     

乳糖诱导纤维二糖差向异构酶的表达及热处理纯化

以Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus纤维二糖差向异构酶(Cs CE)高效表达菌株E.coli BL21(DE3)为表达载体,研究乳糖替代异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导Cs CE表达的效果。结果表明,在菌体培养至OD600=0.6时加入终浓度为10 g/L的乳糖,25℃下诱导20 h,最终发酵液中Cs CE酶活达801 U/L,较最优条件下IPTG诱导的酶活力提高1.4倍,粗酶液的比酶活提高37%。然后,根据Cs CE的热稳定性,采用热处理工艺对粗酶液进行纯化。经70℃、2 h热处理,绝大部分的杂蛋白变性沉淀,粗酶液中可溶性蛋白浓度降低85.9%,比酶活由0.89 U/mg提高到5.46 U/mg,纯化倍数达到6.14倍,酶活回收率为86.6%。乳糖诱导Cs CE的高效表达结合热处理的初步纯化工艺,为Cs CE的工业化生产提供有益的借鉴。     

表达藤黄微球菌过氧化氢酶基因的工程大肠杆菌发酵条件优化

目的 优化表达重组藤黄微球菌(M.luteus)过氧化氢酶基因工程菌的发酵条件.方法 以生物量和目标蛋白表达量为判断标准,利用单因子试验和正交试验在摇瓶水平优化初始pH、IPTG浓度、诱导时机、诱导时间等影响工程菌发酵制备藤黄微球菌过氧化氢酶的发酵条件.结果 最佳发酵工艺参数:培养基初始pH 6.5,摇床转速180 r/min,装液量75 mL,接种量6％,培养温度37℃,诱导表达时间5h.蛋白表达量比优化前提高近30％,重组蛋白经Ni-NTA纯化和透析后,酶活性为166.0 U/(mg·protein),以实验条件相同野生菌酶活100.0 U/ (mg·protein)为对照,重组酶的酶活性提高66％.结论 工艺优化后,酶表达量及酶活性均显著提高.     

表达藤黄微球菌过氧化氢酶基因的工程大肠杆菌发酵条件优化

目的优化表达重组藤黄微球菌(M.luteus)过氧化氢酶基因工程菌的发酵条件。方法以生物量和目标蛋白表达量为判断标准,利用单因子试验和正交试验在摇瓶水平优化初始pH、IPTG浓度、诱导时机、诱导时间等影响工程菌发酵制备藤黄微球菌过氧化氢酶的发酵条件。结果最佳发酵工艺参数:培养基初始pH 6.5,摇床转速180 r/min,装液量75 mL,接种量6%,培养温度37℃,诱导表达时间5 h。蛋白表达量比优化前提高近30%,重组蛋白经Ni-NTA纯化和透析后,酶活性为166.0 U/(mg.protein),以实验条件相同野生菌酶活100.0 U/(mg.protein)为对照,重组酶的酶活性提高66%。结论工艺优化后,酶表达量及酶活性均显著提高。     

重组极耐热内切葡聚糖酶Cel12B的诱导条件及酶的纯化

构建重组菌(JM109/pET-20b-Cel12B)生产极耐热内切葡聚糖酶,研究了不同表达宿主、IPTG诱导时间、IPTG浓度、重组菌生长不同阶段添加IPTG对重组菌生产极耐热内切葡聚糖酶的影响。结果表明:最佳诱导时间是OD值为1.0,IPTG浓度从0.5到3.0对酶活表达影响不大,诱导8h后极耐热内切葡聚糖酶表达量基本不变,优化后重组菌(E.coliBL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RIL/pET-20b-Cel12B)表达酶活比原来菌株(E.coliJM109(DE3)/pET-20b-Cel12B)提高了53.9%,经过热处理和亲和层析得到电泳纯的蛋白条带。     

Thermomyces lanuginosus ZJB09222脂肪酶基因克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

Thermomyces lanuginosus脂肪酶(简称TLL)是具有重要商业应用价值的脂肪酶之一。运用RT-PCR技术,从Thermomyces lanuginosus ZJB09222基因组中克隆得到885 bp脂肪酶基因cDNA序列,其结构基因编码蛋白包含292个氨基酸。将脂肪酶基因cDNA序列开放阅读框克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET-28b中,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),构建了基因工程菌E.coli BL21/pET28b-TLL。诱导表达后SDS-PAGE电泳显示该脂肪酶分子量约为32 ku。筛选获得廉价重组菌培养基,表达条件优化结果表明,当OD600约为0.6～0.8时,加入IPTG至终浓度为0.1 mmol/L,在28℃诱导培养7 h,酶活达到41 U/mL。     

乳糖诱导D-塔格糖3-差向异构酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

以D-塔格糖3-差向异构酶高效表达菌株BL21(DE3)/pET22b-cbdte为研究对象,考察乳糖作为诱导剂诱导D-塔格糖3-差向异构酶在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达的可行性.在摇瓶发酵条件下,从诱导时机、诱导剂浓度、诱导时间及诱导温度等四个方面,研究诱导条件对目的蛋白表达的影响.结果表明,工程菌培养至对数生长中期OD值为1.0左右后,加入终浓度为5g/L的乳糖,于20℃的条件下诱导7h,可获得最大酶活.与异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)最适诱导条件相比,优化后的乳糖诱导酶活提高82.7％,可溶性目的蛋白的表达量提高99.5％,菌体生物量提高30.5％.研究结果为乳糖作为诱导剂应用于D-塔格糖3-差向异构酶的工业化生产提供有益的参考和借鉴.     

蔗糖异构酶基因在Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)中的表达及重组菌的细胞固定化

分别利用IPTG和乳糖两种诱导物诱导蔗糖异构酶(SIase)基因在E.coliBL21(DE3)中实现表达,对诱导温度、诱导时机、诱导物浓度、诱导持续时间进行比较分析并优化,确定了二者的最佳诱导条件,在E.coli培养3h后(OD600约为0.9)添加终浓度为0.8mmol/L的IPTG(0.5mmol/L乳糖)在20℃(24℃)条件下诱导14h(12h)能获得最高的蛋白表达量及SIase酶活。在最优条件下以IPTG为诱导物时目的蛋白占总蛋白的41.6%,单位体积培养液中SIase酶活为12.37U/mL,以乳糖为诱导物时分别为27.2%,14.72U/mL,从收获酶活角度考虑可见乳糖作为诱导物的优势;而后利用海藻酸钠包埋法固定化重组菌,转化初始浓度为500g/L的蔗糖溶液,转化10～11h后异麦芽酮糖平均得率在83%以上,蔗糖平均转化率大于99%,固定化细胞能够连续稳定转化25批次,转化效率相对于原始菌提高了近55%。     

褐藻胶裂解酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及其酶学性质

作者从蜡样芽孢杆菌F1-5-10中提取DNA,通过PCR克隆得到褐藻胶裂解酶基因后,将其构建到pET-30a(+)上并在大肠杆菌BL21菌株中进行高效诱导表达,继而对纯化得到的褐藻胶裂解酶蛋白进行活性检测和酶学特性研究。实验结果表明:PCR扩增出1035bp大小的褐藻胶裂解酶基因algl(GenBank登录号:GU585575),SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示出相对分子质量约为45 000的特异性蛋白质条带。表达条件优化实验结果表明0.4mmol/L浓度的IPTG 32℃诱导4h重组蛋白的表达量最高,约占菌体总蛋白质质量的36%。测定褐藻胶裂解酶酶活性,酶活力为11.7U/mg。酶学性质研究表明:ALGL的酶活最适温度为35℃,热稳定性较差,最适pH值为6.6,Ca2+、Mg2对酶活有激活作用,ALGL催化褐藻胶的Km值为1.89mg/mL,Vmax为15.01U/mL。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.