四川传统泡菜中乳酸菌的分离鉴定及抗氧化评估

四川泡菜中含有丰富具有抗氧化能力的乳酸菌,为评估其抗氧化活性,本研究以2,2′-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(ABTS)自由基清除能力、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除能力、亚铁离子螯合能力为指标,探究了从泡菜中分离出来的6株乳酸菌的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,16S rDNA基因序列鉴定的6株菌均为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum),6株乳酸菌在ABTS~+和DPPH自由基清除、亚铁离子螯合方面均具有一定的作用,其中发酵上清液组菌株SPC-3-1、SPC-1-3、SPC-3-1,完整细胞组菌株SPC-1-1、SPC-3-1、SPC-1-4,无细胞提取物组SPC-3-1、SPC-3-1、SPC-1-3分别在ABTS~+自由基清除能力、DPPH自由基清除能力、亚铁离子螯合能力中最高,分别为89.33%±1.27%、71.88%±0.16%、38.58%±0.85%、15.49%±3.78%、18.65%±1.49%、91.56%±1.73%、14.33%±0.50%、21.06%±1.14%和90.40%±4.58%。在6株植物乳杆菌对ABTS~+和DPPH自由基清除作用中,发酵上清液组的清除率均高于完整细胞组和无细胞提取物组,而在对亚铁离子的螯合能力中,完整细胞组和无细胞提取物组的螯合能力大于发酵上清液组。     

新疆传统乳品中乳酸菌的抗氧化能力

实验用菌为从新疆传统乳制品酸奶和干酪中分离出的7株乳酸菌,分别是乳酸片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)1株、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)3株、耐久肠球菌(Enterococcus durans)1株、魏斯氏菌(Weissella cibaria)1株和面包乳杆菌(Lactobacillus panis)1株。对其清除DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基、还原能力以及亚铁离子螯合能力进行了研究。结果表明:7株乳酸菌具有不同的抗氧化能力,其中植物乳杆菌亚铁离子螯合能力最强,乳酸片球菌超氧阴离子自由基清除能力相对较高,魏斯氏菌的DPPH自由基清除能力较强,面包乳杆菌的羟自由基清除能力和还原能力最强。     

新疆熏马肠中具有较高抗氧化活性乳酸菌的筛选鉴定

通过对从熏马肠中分离出的6株乳酸菌的完整细胞和无细胞提取物进行清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子,螯合铁离子,还原能力,抗脂质过氧化等抗氧化活性测定实验来获得具有较高抗氧化活性的乳酸菌。结果表明:6株乳酸菌的抗氧化能力存在差异,完整细胞的抗氧化活性显著高于无细胞提取物(P0.05),其中X_(31)的清除DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子,螯合铁离子,抗脂质过氧化能力显著高于其他菌株(P0.05);X_(11)的清除羟自由基、还原能力显著高于其他菌株(P0.05),综合比较X_(31)和X_(11)具有较高抗氧化活性。再利用生理生化实验和16S rDNA序列比对的方法对其进行鉴定,表明X_(31)、X_(11)均为戊糖片球菌。     

10株乳酸杆菌吸附铅离子及抗氧化能力的比较

为了筛选出高吸附铅离子且具高抗氧化能力的菌株,本文对10株乳杆菌进行了铅离子吸附研究,以DPPH·清除力、还原能力、羟自由基清除及抗脂质过氧化能力为指标进行了体外抗氧化能力的评定。结果表明:不同乳杆菌之间的清除铅离子能力不同,抗氧化能力也不相同,其中德式乳杆菌保加利亚亚种KLDS1.0207具有高吸附铅离子和高抗氧化能力,该菌株铅离子去除率达79.18%,还原能力达99.00μmol/L的半胱氨酸当量,DPPH·清除率为50.40%,羟自由基清除率26.88%,抗脂质过氧化能力达15.62%。此菌株可用于体内缓解铅中毒造成的氧化损伤的研究。     

4 种乳酸菌体外抗氧化能力的比较研究

通过抗脂质过氧化、清除DPPH自由基、清除超氧阴离子自由基(O2－ ·)、还原力、清除羟自由基实验对发酵乳杆菌、乳酸乳球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌和瑞士乳杆菌4种乳酸菌发酵上清液和胞内提取物的抗氧化能力进行研究。结果表明：4种乳酸菌的具有不同的抗氧化能力,其中瑞士乳杆菌的羟自由基清除能力、DPPH自由基清除能力和还原能力相对较高,乳酸乳球菌和嗜酸乳杆菌清除O2－ ·能力相对较强,发酵乳杆菌抗脂质过氧化能力为最强。实验还初步研究乳酸菌的抗氧化机理,显示乳酸菌存在SOD和GSH-Px,这可能与乳酸菌的抗氧化作用有一定相关性。     

藏灵菇酸乳的抗氧化性研究

通过对清除DPPH自由基活性、脂质过氧化抑制活性、亚铁离子的螯合能力和还原能力等试验测定了藏灵菇酸乳的抗氧化性,并与用商业乳酸菌发酵剂发酵制得的酸乳及普通脱脂乳进行抗氧化性对比。结果表明:藏灵菇酸乳在DPPH自由基的最大清除率的能力、对亚油酸过氧化抑制能力和对亚铁离子的最大螯合能力分别达到了87.99%±2.41%、87.75%±1.64%、20.70%±0.65%,均大于商业乳酸菌发酵剂发酵制得的酸乳及普通脱脂乳。证明藏灵菇酸乳与同类产品比较具有较强的抗氧化性。     

6株人源乳酸菌体外抗氧化活性的比较

本文对分离自江苏如皋长寿村人群肠道的6株乳酸菌体外抗氧化活性进行了研究。测定了6株菌对过氧化氢耐受能力、不同组分对羟自由基、DPPH自由基清除能力、还原能力、抗脂质过氧化能力及T-SOD和GSH-Px活性,结果表明:6株菌中,发酵乳杆菌L2、L4,屎肠球菌E2对1.0 mM H2O2耐受能力较强。6株菌不同组分均具有一定的抗氧化活性,发酵上清液的抗氧化活性总体要优于菌体和胞内提取物。其中,L2发酵上清液羟自由基清除能力和T-SOD活性最强;E2发酵上清液DPPH自由基清除能力和GSH-Px活性最高;发酵乳杆菌L1发酵上清液还原能力最高;干酪乳杆菌L3发酵上清液抗脂质过氧化能力最强。测定结果表明这6株菌总体抗氧化能力较好,具有潜在的应用价值。     

1株具有潜在降糖作用的益生菌的筛选

以鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactocobacillus rhamnosus)GG为阳性对照菌株,研究了本实验室保藏的7株乳酸菌的α-葡萄糖苷酶酶活的抑制能力、抗氧化能力及其基本的益生特性。采用主成分分析方法做总体评价,以期获得具有潜在降糖作用的益生菌。研究发现干酪乳杆菌(L.casei)CCFM0412具有较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶酶活的抑制率(29.61%)及较高的抗氧化能力,如:完整细胞对DPPH的清除率为22.56%,对羟自由基的清除率为16.77%,显著高于鼠李糖乳杆菌GG(P0.05);细胞提取物对脂质过氧化的最高抑制率为25.35%。主成分分析表明干酪乳杆菌CCFM0412的综合能力与对照菌株鼠李糖乳杆菌GG最接近,具有潜在的降糖作用。     

几种体外评价乳酸菌无细胞提取物抗氧化活性方法的比较研究

乳酸菌的抗氧化活性与其对人体的健康促进作用密切相关。本研究以DPPH自由基清除能力、羟自由基清除能力、还原活性等为体外抗氧化能力评价指标,对17株不同来源乳酸菌的无细胞提取物抗氧化能力进行评价,并对评价结果进行了比较和筛选,然后进一步研究了抗氧化活性强和低的菌株的抗氧化酶活性。结果显示不同来源乳酸菌的无细胞提取物抗氧化活性存在种间和种内差异,而3种体外化学方法具有显著相关性(p0.01)。3种评价指标均显示嗜酸乳杆菌CCFM8具有很强的抗氧化活性,发酵乳杆菌CCFM381抗氧化活性最弱。进一步乳酸菌无细胞提取物抗氧化酶活性的测定结果也与上述3种体外抗氧化能力评价指标的综合结果具有很好的一致性。该研究为综合评价乳酸菌抗氧化能力以及体外筛选具有高抗氧化活性的乳酸菌提供了可靠的参考依据。     

抗氧化活性乳酸菌的筛选

为得到高抗氧化性功能的益生乳酸菌,从四川、新疆等地自然发酵泡菜样品中筛选得到8株具有良好过氧化氢耐受性的菌株,通过无菌体细胞发酵液和完整细胞菌悬液的清除DPPH自由基、清除O2-·自由基、抗脂质过氧化能力以及GSH-Px活性试验,发现5株具有较高的体外抗氧化活性的乳酸菌。通过酵母细胞存活模型试验进一步筛选,得到对酵母细胞保护作用较强的AR247、AR281和AR308,其无菌体细胞发酵液加入后,酵母存活率提高为原来的3~4倍。经16S r DNA鉴定其分别为短乳杆菌、短乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.