基于自适应阈值的小波包在松动部件信噪分离中的研究

研究了反应堆主回路系统背景振动噪声的特点。在传统松动部件信号提取方法的基础上,利用对小波包系数加入时间窗的方法实现对去噪阈值进行自适应选取。同时采用了一种新的阈值处理函数对含噪声的松动部件冲击信号进行去噪处理,并对模拟实验装置上采集到的钢球冲击信号进行分析。实验结果表明,本文提出的方法能有效跟踪背景噪声强度的变化,有效抑制背景噪声,准确识别松动部件冲击信号,提取相关特征。     

基于小波变换的核磁共振FID信号的去噪方法研究

以医用核磁共振自由感应衰减(FID)信号的去噪处理为研究目标,基于小波变换技术,分析了有效信号和噪声的小波变换特性,针对三种去噪方法--模极大值、阈值收缩和平移不变,提出了改进方案,并以阈值收缩去噪方法为例,对临床获取的神经胶质瘤病例的大量数据样本进行了去噪、分析实验,探讨了适用于本类FID信号去噪处理的小波基函数、分解参数、分解层次和阈值策略的选取方法,通过实验建立了最优选取方案.实验结果有效地验证了新方案良好的去噪性能.本研究对于医用磁共振数据的高效处理具有很好的参考价值.     

EAST等离子体电子密度测量与处理算法设计

介绍EAST托卡马克中HCN 激光干涉仪测量等离子电子密度基本原理,给出了等离子体电子密度HCN信号处理算法,该算法能准确地去零漂并有效的进行信号翻转处理,并利用小波分析的方法对信号进行去噪处理,获得了高精度低噪音的HCN信号.该算法同样可用于HT7托卡马克五道HCN信号处理中,利用好的HCN信号可以更加准确地反演等离子体密度空间分布,这种密度处理算法是行之有效的.     

基于小波变换的航空γ能谱异常信息线单元校正方法

针对航空γ能谱测量工作时矿致异常信息在时域批次性干扰下难以有效提取的问题,结合小波变换理论与测线标准差变异系数理论,提出一种新的线单元校正方法。该方法利用小波变换擅长处理非稳态采样数据信号的特性,采用小波变换对线单元数据进行多尺度分解,通过软阈值滤除近似信号,有效去除含有时域批次性干扰的非地质背景信息,并对表征异常的细节信息进行重构,实现对时域批次性干扰的线单元校正。通过对实测数据的校正处理验证,结合航空伽马能谱地面异常查证结果及矿区地质简图,表明该方法削弱时域批次性效果明显,缩小了异常范围,提高了矿致异常点识别准确性,且异常形态与地面查证结果一致,客观还原测区的放射性核素分布情况。     

液闪探测的时间分辨率研究

液闪探测系统设计中引入信号处理设计方法,经分析液闪探测信号,得出提高时间分辨率有利于提高探测效率的观点和实现方案,并获得了验证.据此,采用高速数字信号处理技术和器件,多道探测和复合探测效率也会相应提高.     

双重非均匀系统环形RPT计算方法研究

弥散燃料与弥散可燃毒物由于具有双重非均匀性,采用传统体积均匀化方法（VHM）会带来较大的计算偏差。反应性等效物理转换（RPT）方法被应用于含弥散燃料的双重非均匀系统,具有方法简单且计算精度较高的特点。本文首先对传统RPT方法和改进RPT（IRPT）方法进行了分析和验证,结果表明,这2种方法对于含有弥散可燃毒物的双重非均匀系统燃耗过程中依然存在相对较大的计算偏差;然后提出环形RPT（RRPT）方法和2步环形RPT（TRRPT）方法分别用于处理含单一颗粒类型和含2种颗粒类型的双重非均匀系统,通过含不同类型可燃毒物的算例验证并与蒙卡颗粒模型基准解对比可知,本文提出的RRPT方法和TRRPT方法可用于处理含弥散燃料和弥散可燃毒物的双重非均匀系统,相比传统方法具有更高计算精度和更广适用范围。      

核脉冲信号滤波成形电路的数字化研究

核脉冲信号的滤波成形电路用于改变脉冲形状、提高核谱仪器系统的信噪比,从而获取更佳的性能指标。从极零相消电路与Sallen-Key电路的工作原理出发,推导了基于数字极零相消、数字Sallen-Key在时域中的成形递推函数,分别获取其在Z域中的传输函数,在频域中对其滤波性能、幅频响应特性进行了分析。对仿真核信号,采用数字极零相消、数字高斯成形递推函数模型,实现不同参数下的极零相消与高斯成形处理。对SiPIN探测器测量~(55)Fe和NaI探测器测量~(137)Cs的核脉冲信号,实现了数字极零相消、不同参数下的数字高斯成形处理,从时域与频域两个方面对结果进行了分析,研究成果可应用于核脉冲信号极零相消、滤波成形参数的最优化选取。     

基于连续小波变换的Hilbert包络线松动部件定位方法

本文结合时-频域信号处理方法,在对冲击信号进行连续小波变换(CWT)的基础上,采用计算信号Hilbert包络线极大值的方法确定冲击信号的到达时间,并应用于网格定位。研究结果表明,该方法具有较高的定位精度,对小质量的松动部件能准确地定位其位置,且具有较好的抗噪能力。     

基于高分辨率时频分析的核爆地震信号能量统计初至检测算法

核爆地震波检测是禁核试核查的关键环节之一。常用的短时长时能量均值比、赤池信息准则、傅里叶变换等方法虚警率都比较高,为此,提出一种基于高分辨率时频分析的核爆地震信号能量统计初至检测算法。其基本原理是根据核爆地震事件信号与噪声的频域分布差异,采用窄带分频技术将信号时域波形变换到时频域,在各频带计算局部能量均值与全局能量均值之比并进行二值化处理,当结果大于设定的阈值时,认为此频带该时刻属于地震事件信号的一部分,如果在某一阈值下出现二值化结果相同的情况,只需继续增大阈值进行检测,直到最终只有一个时间点检测到频段的数量最多即可,最大值的跳跃点即认为是初值时刻。利用地下核爆产生的地震信号进行实验研究,结果表明本文方法能够在提高检测准确率的同时解决高虚警问题,在低信噪比信号条件下具有较好的适用性与鲁棒性。     

基于概率密度分布函数的体源探测效率计算方法

野外环境下γ谱仪在搜索扫描测量"热粒子"、"放射性汇集点"、"放射性汇集区"及实验室测量非破坏性样品,都将测量对象的核素分布当作均匀分布进行数据处理,这样会产生很大的测量误差,因为由源的非均匀性导致其探测效率产生了很大的偏差。本文提出非均匀分布的体源探测效率等于沿深度方向均匀分布的面源效率函数εd(h)乘以放射性核素沿深度方向非均匀分布的概率密度分布函数φ(h)并对深度积分以及归一化处理。对于深度方向按一定指数分布的75 mm×25 mm体源当作均匀分布源处理时,探测效率计算结果会引入16%左右的偏差。     

Identification of radiation treatment of wheat （Triticum aestivum. L）and rice （Oryza sativa. L） samples using thermoluminescence of contaminating minerals

Food irradiation is gaining popularity worldwide and this technology is important to improve quality and reduce the post harvest losses of food. Because of the rapid commercialization of irradiated foods throughout the world, compliance of different regulations relating to use of technology in different countries and demand of consumers for clear labelling of irradiated foods, there is need for the development of analytical methods to detect radiation treatment of food. Among several methods studied so far, thermoluminescence （TL） is an important method that can be used to find out the irradiation history of food that contain even a very minute amount of dust particles. In this study, the irradiated and unirradiated wheat and rice samples were analyzed using the TL method. The samples were purchased from the local market of Peshawar and irradiated to radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy using Co-60 gamma irradiator at the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture （NIFA）, Peshawar. The mineral contaminants were isolated by jet water, ultrasonic treatment, and density gradient. TL glow curves of the isolated minerals from irradiated and unirradiated samples were recorded between the temperature ranges of 50-500℃ using a TL reader. Generally, the glow curves for irradiated samples showed much higher TL intensities （TL1） than the unirradiated samples. The results were normalized by rerradiation of mineral samples to gamma-ray dose of 1.0 kGy followed by determination of the second glow curves （TL2）. The ratio of the area of first glow curve to that of second glow curve （TL1/TL2） was calculated for selected temperature intervals and compared with the recommended values for unirradiated and irradiated samples. Finally, the shapes of the glow curves for irradiated and unirradiated samples were also analyzed. On the basis of these results （comparison of TL-intensities, TL1/TL2 ratios and shapes of the glow curves）, all the irradiated and unirradiated samples of wheat and rice were unequivocally identified.     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

The preclinical pharmacological study of dopamine transporter imaging agent 18F-FP-β-CIT

The paper is to study pharmacologic characteristics of 18F-FP-β-CIT (18F-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β- carbomethoxy-3β- (4-iodophenyl)nortropane) as an imaging agent for dopamine transporter. The radiochemical purity of 18F-FP-β-CIT in aqueous solution was over 95% after standing at room temperature for 4h. Biodistribution displayed rapid uptake in rat brain (1.375 %ID/organ at 5min and 0.100 %ID/organ at 180 min) and the striatal uptake was 1.444,0.731, 0.397, 0.230 and 0.146 %ID/g at 5, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min, respectively. The values of striatum/cerebellum,striatum/frontal cortex and striatum / hippocampus in rat's brain at 30 min were 3.38, 2.17 and 2.40 respectively. The uptake in striatum can be blocked by β-CFT, suggesting that 18F-FP-β-CIT binds to DAT peculiarly. The compound was rapidly cleared from monkey's blood. The striatal uptake was bilaterally decreased in the left-sided lesioned PD rats, compared with normal control. Brain PET imaging studies in normal monkey showed that 18F-FP-β-CIT was concentrated in striatum. The test of undue toxicity showed that the dose received by mice was 1250 times as by human, which indicates that 18F-FP-β-CIT is very safe. So 18F-FP-β-CIT is a promising PET imaging agent for DAT with safety and validity.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.