地铁集中供冷冷水机组选型初探

分析了地铁车站冷负荷的变化特点，考虑集中供冷的运行要求，结合机组部分负荷下的运行性能，推荐在使用屏敝门系统的情况下，集中冷站应选用多机头螺杆式冷水机组。     

湖南省某水电站空调工程方案比较

本工程地处湖南省益阳市，包括48栋住宅和1栋办公楼。在对建筑冷负荷特点进行分析的基础上，给出了3种夏季空调方案，分别以螺杆式制冷机组、风冷热泵和直燃式溴化锂冷水机组作为空调系统的冷源。通过对方案的初投资和运行费用等进行分析，得出螺杆式制冷机组适合作为本工程的冷源。     

约克推出新品──YCWS Compact系列

跨入２０００年，享誉全球的约克国际有限公司继推出ＭｉｌｌｅｎｎｉｕｍＴＭＹＣＷＳ后，又研制出新型的ＹＣＷＳ Ｃｏｍｐａｃｔ系列水冷螺杆式冷水机组。制冷量为５２－９０冷吨（１０３－３１６千瓦）。该机组秉承了约克一贯卓越的设计理念，性能优越，成为空调制冷业的生力军。约克独有的无级调节高效压缩机使 ＹＣＷＳ Ｃｏｍｐａｃｔ水冷 螺杆式冷水机组能在最小负荷位置启动，通过一连续作 用的滑阀，在１００％～２０％的满负荷范围内进行容量调 节，保证压缩机效能全发挥，负载效能属全行业之冠。该机组采用工业用半封闭式双转子…     

南京市公共建筑空调系统状况调查分析

对南京市18栋公共建筑的空调系统形式和冷热源状况进行了调研和分析,得出了南京市公共建筑系统形式主要有全空气系统、风机盘管加新风系统、VRV空调系统,占39%的建筑采用风机盘管加新风系统;空调系统的冷源形式较为多样,包括活塞式、螺杆式、离心式冷水机组、风冷热泵机组、水源热泵机组、溴化锂机组、VRV蒸发制冷;热源主要包括锅炉和冷热源一体化设备;冷热源组合方式以冷水机组加锅炉的形式居多。     

(火用)经济分析在空调冷热源选择的应用

结合工程实例,对6种冷、热源方案进行了火用经济分析。6种方案为:采用离心式冷水机组供冷,燃油锅炉供热;采用直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组;采用风冷螺杆式冷水机组供冷,燃油锅炉供热;采用蒸汽双效溴化锂吸收式冷水机组供冷,燃油锅炉供热;采用水源热泵;采用螺杆式水-水热泵。方案4最优。     

螺杆式冷水机组用于高压变频器冷却水改造初探

高压变频器通常采用循环水冷的方式冷却,工程设计中,常将变频器及其它主要设备的冷却润滑水纳入同一冷却循环水系统,一并进行冷却循环增压。实际运行发现,高压变频器散热量大、对外部冷却水要求相对其它设备严格,在夏季高温季节的高负荷运行工况下,因冷却循环水系统整体温度较高而影响了运行稳定。本文总结了采用螺杆式冷水机组用于高压变频器冷却水改造,使其独立于原有冷却循环水系统的试验的经验。试验结果表明,采用冷水机组能够降低变频设备的运行温度,提高了设备运行稳定。     

半封闭活塞式和螺杆式冷水机组性能分析

以两种产品为例，归纳了半封闭螺杆式和活塞式冷水机组的特点，分析了在不同冷水出水温度及不同制冷量情况下两种机组的性能，认为它们的制冷量、输入功率及COP值的变化趋势相近，但螺杆式冷水机组的COP值较活塞式的约高0.5.     

燃气空调的类型及经济性分析

介绍了燃气空调的优点及类型.对采用水冷螺杆式冷水机组＋燃油锅炉、燃气直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组、燃油直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组作为冷热源的能耗费用及费用年值进行了比较,燃气直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组表现出良好的经济性.     

上海地区几种空调冷热源的比较研究

以办公楼和旅馆为对象，利用当地ＢＩＮ气象参数 ，对风冷热泵冷热水机组，水冷螺杆式冷水机组＋电热锅炉，水冷螺杆式冷水机组＋燃油锅炉和燃油（气）直燃吸收式冷热水机四种冷热源方案作了能耗和经济性比较。     

乙二醇溶液低温型水冷螺杆式冷水机组在工业上的应用

简要介绍了蒸气压缩式制冷的基本工作原理,重点分析了螺杆式冷水机组的特性,并且结合工程实例介绍了低温型水冷螺杆式冷水机组的应用。     

某大型冷却塔施工方案的优化

以兴义发电厂两座8500m2双曲线冷却塔同步施工为例,对大型冷却塔施工中的有关问题进行了探讨在该工程施工中,通过合理利用现有的施工机具,对冷却塔垂直运输机具组合配置方案进行优化,以及改进人字柱和通风筒等项目的施工工艺等,确保了工程施工质量和工期,并在成本控制方面取得了预期效果     

冰蓄冷空调系统的设计及分析和测算

以北京金融街A5地块写字楼的冰蓄冷空调系统工程为例,根据冰蓄冷技术的特点,配置主机和蓄冰设备,给出了冰蓄冷系统的负荷平衡策略,并对其运行费用进行合理测算,表明冰蓄冷系统的装机容量是常规空调系统的65％,运行费用是常规空调制冷系统的53％。     

天然气供热供冷的技术经济分析

对冬季采用天然气热水锅炉供热，夏季采用电动离心式冷水机组供冷和冬夏季都采用天然气直燃型溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组进行供热供冷的两种方案进行了技术经济比较。指出天然气价和电价是影响供热供冷成本的最敏感因素。     

带蓄冷装置区域供冷系统运行策略及经济性

基于某区域供冷项目的负荷特性分析结果,能源中心拟采用基载机、制冷主机、冰蓄冷装置联合供冷。分析部分负荷率下系统运行策略,对部分负荷率下区域供冷系统的能效比、供冷成本进行了计算。     

利用温频法对空调冷热源进行经济分析及选择

以天津某五星级酒店为例,采用温频法(BIN法)和费用年值法,比较土壤源热泵对传统型电制冷、集中供热组合和吸收式直燃机3种空调系统冷热源进行经济性分析。结果表明,虽然地源热泵初期投资最大,但是年运行费用在3种方案中最低,具有很好的经济性。     

空调冷热源的选择与经济性分析

以天津某办公建筑为例,采用温频法(BIN 法)和费用年值法比较了土壤源热泵、电制冷 集中供热、直燃机3种空调系统冷热源的经济性。土壤源热泵的系统造价最高,但年运行费、费用年值在3种方案中最低,具有较好的经济性。     

程控机房冷却塔间接供冷系统应用

针对程控机房需要全年供冷和以显热负荷为主的特点,采用开式冷却塔+板式换热器+空气冷却器等设备设计了冷却塔间接供冷系统.给出了系统主要设备及其参数的确定方法.以哈尔滨市某机房为例,通过DeST软件模拟其全年冷负荷,比较了改造前后的节能量,结果显示,该系统与原机房专用空调相比,每年可节能40%,投资回收期为1.16年.分析了冷却塔间接供冷系统在全国31个城市推广应用的节能潜力,对部分城市可节能15%～40%.     

Economic benefits of optimal control for water-cooled chiller systems serving hotels in a subtropical climate

A water-cooled chiller system in an air-conditioned hotel can take up about one-quarter of the total electricity consumption and considerable amounts of water in the heat rejection process. This paper evaluates operating cost savings of a chiller system integrated with optimal control of cooling towers and condenser water pumps. A sophisticated chiller system model was used to ascertain how different control methods influence the annual electricity and water consumption of chillers operating for the cooling load profile of a reference hotel. It is estimated that applying load-based speed control to the cooling tower fans and condenser water pumps could reduce the annual system electricity use by 8.6% and operating cost by 9.9% relative to the equivalent system using constant speed fans and pumps with a fixed set point of 29.4 °C for cooling water temperature control. The ways to implement this advanced control for system optimization are discussed.     

Effects of utilizing seawater as a cooling source system in a commercial complex

This paper treats energy and cost performance of a cooling source system with indirect seawater utilization for air conditioning in a commercial complex. Seawater utilization has merits as a cooling source, because seawater temperature is lower than outdoor air in summer and it is cost effective because there is no water monetary cost. Actual operating data has been measured for about 2 years and the chiller and system co-efficient of performance (COP) have indicated about 4.77 and 2.93, respectively, even in summer season and the mean efficiency of the thermal storage system was about 89.9% taking into account heat loss of pumps. In addition, we have constructed simulation models for cooling tower systems, air cooling chiller systems and direct seawater utilization systems then compared them to this system. The electric power consumption of the indirect seawater utilization system was almost the same as the other systems except the air cooling chiller system, because using lower seawater temperature made the chiller efficiency higher. In conclusion, our results showed the indirect seawater utilization system was able to improve the system COP compared to air cooling chiller system, and cancel water consumption compared with the cooling tower system, and cut down an initial and maintenance costs compared with the direct seawater utilization system.     

Analysis of a transverse flux permanent magnet generator with fall-back outer rotor design for wind power generation

ABSTRACT

The transverse-flux permanent-magnet generator (TFPMG) has been extensively employed in wind power applications. The distinct advantages of TFPMG over other types of generators are further enforced by important modifications in the form of fall-back inner rotor structure, half the permanent magnets, elliptical stator core and toroidal coils. Considering the benefits of natural cooling, along with the aforementioned modifications, the fall-back outer rotor TFPM design can offer further higher power-to-volume ratio. The topology of fall-back outer rotor TFPM machine is proposed, simulated and analysed in detail in this paper. The said machine design performance is compared with its conventional and inner rotor fall-back counterparts. The considerations of complexity, manufacturability, cost and performance results are encouraging.