粉煤灰在水泥和混凝土中应用对改善混凝土细观结构的对比试验研究

和将粉煤灰直接掺入混凝土中相比，用粉煤灰作为主要混合材的高性能复合水泥来配制混凝土，有更高的早期强度和更好的耐久性能。本文通过扫描电镜观察和压汞试验测定，从混凝土的细观结构对粉煤灰在水泥和混凝土中应用，对混凝土耐久性影响的内在机理进行了研究。     

废弃混凝土作为水泥混合材的试验研究

本文利用粉磨技术将废弃混凝土作为混合材替代水泥生产过程中的石灰石、炉渣或粉煤灰等配制水泥,并对其性能进行试验研究。经试验表明,废弃混凝土作为水泥混合材理论和实际证明均是可行的。在废弃混凝土单独粉磨作为掺合料配制水泥时,用52.5水泥配制42.5水泥可以掺入25%废弃混凝土磨细粉,配制32.5水泥时可以掺入30%以上废弃混凝土磨细粉;在作为混合材共同粉磨生产42.5水泥时废弃混凝土适宜掺量为15%,生产32.5水泥时适宜废弃混凝土掺量为25%。从而达到废弃混凝土循环利用的目的。     

云南地材复合掺合料对混凝土性能的影响

云南省由于当地缺乏优质矿物掺合料,以及近几年省内交通工程建设量巨大,导致优质矿物掺合料更加匮乏,且价格较高,严重影响工程建设。针对上述问题,对比研究了云南地材复合掺合料和粉煤灰配制C30、C40、C50强度等级混凝土的拌合物性能、力学性能、耐久性能和经济性。结果表明:采用云南地材复合掺合料配制的混凝土在拌合物性能、力学性能和耐久性能均达到或超过粉煤灰混凝土,同时经济性优于粉煤灰混凝土。     

用活化湿排粉煤灰初步研制高性能混凝土专用水泥

本文针对我国粉煤灰中适于作高性能混凝土活性掺和料的优质干排灰较少，大部分为低等级湿排粉煤灰的现状，用经过预激活处理的湿排粉煤灰作水泥混合材，并掺入高交减水剂，石灰石粉等外加剂，通过正交试验配制出525R－625R高性能混凝土专用水泥。     

活性掺合料对再生混凝土耐久性的影响

由于再生集料本身具有一些天然缺陷,导致再生集料配制的混凝土综合性能较同级配普通混凝土差。而掺入矿渣、粉煤灰等活性掺合料则可以改善普通混凝土的物理力学性能和耐久性能,因此,本课题在采用再生粗集料以不同比例取代天然集料的同时,用矿渣、粉煤灰等活性掺合料等量取代水泥,研究掺活性掺合料再生混凝土的力学性能和耐久性能。实验结果表明,随再生集料用量的增加,混凝土的物理力学性能和耐久性能有所下降,但掺加一定量的活性掺合料可以明显改善再生混凝土的耐久性能。采用合适掺量的矿渣,可以配制出坍落度为180mm、28d抗压强度达50MPa以上、各种耐久性能指标均达到基准混凝土技术指标的再生集料混凝土。     

助磨剂在大掺量石灰石复合硅酸盐水泥中的应用研究

用石灰石作混合材生产复合水泥,能够降低水泥生产成本,扩大混合材资源,增加水泥产量,改善水泥性能。尤其对矿渣、粉煤灰、火山灰等活性混合材短缺的地区来说,具有更重要的意义。本文以水泥助磨剂对石灰石不同掺量的复合硅酸盐水泥性能变化为基础,探讨了石灰石作混合材对水泥产品的物理化学作用和对水泥石结构的影响,并试验研究了掺石灰石的复合硅酸盐水泥配制砂浆与混凝土的其他性能。     

不同粉煤灰掺量下配制C50自密实混凝土试验研究

试验选取粉煤灰按照10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%等量取代水泥配制C50自密实混凝土,对比了不同粉煤灰掺量下C50自密实混凝土工作性能、力学性能及耐久性能。结果表明,掺入一定量的粉煤灰可以有效改善自密实混凝土的流动性,但掺量超过50%时混凝土工作性能降低;粉煤灰掺量在30%以下时不会明显影响自密实混凝土强度及抗渗性能,粉煤灰掺量超过40%时,将对混凝土力学性能及耐久性能产生不利影响。     

超细矿渣粉配制C80混凝土

本文介绍了超细矿渣粉掺入粉煤灰混凝土中与高效减水剂复合作用，从而改变混凝土各项性能的作用机理，通过对水胶比、超细矿粉置换量、外加剂掺量等参数，采用正交试验优化确定，配制出力学性能和耐久性能理想的C80高性能混凝土。     

固硫灰复合矿物掺合料在混凝土中的应用研究

将固硫灰、粉煤灰、矿粉制备的复合矿物掺合料应用于混凝土中,测试混凝土的工作性能、抗压强度和耐久性能,结果表明:固硫灰复合矿物掺合料掺入到混凝土中,可改善混凝土的坍落度,其强度也优于单掺矿物掺合料的混凝土强度,几乎接近纯水泥混凝土强度;其还可改善混凝土的干缩性能和抗硫酸盐侵蚀性,但降低了混凝土的抗冻和抗碳化性能。     

东非地区大吸水率骨料混凝土改善技术研究

通过掺入易流型复合掺合料来改善东非地区大吸水率骨料对混凝土造成的工作性能差、长期性能和耐久性能严重不足的问题。结果表明:易流型复合掺合料与粉煤灰按7∶3比例等量取代35%水泥时,大吸水率骨料混凝土流动性、密实性、抗冻性、抗收缩性能等均得以显著改善;易流型复合掺合料与粉煤灰按5∶5比例等量取代35%水泥时,大吸水率骨料混凝土上述性能与普通骨料混凝土相当,完全能够满足现场施工条件及100年服役寿命要求。     

预测粉煤灰混凝土强度的双参数模型

研究了不同龄期,用粉煤灰取代水泥、取代细骨料和混合取代三种取代方式下混凝土抗压强度的发展状况,建立了预测混凝土抗压强度增长因子双参数模型。结果表明:龄期与取代率对强度增长因子的影响是相互独立的;强度增长因子随龄期的增长而增大;取代水泥时,强度增长因子随取代率的增大而减小;取代细骨料时,强度增长因子随取代率的增大先增大后减小,最大值点在20%左右;取代细骨料对强度的增长较取代水泥有利;继而建立了混合取代方式下强度增长因子预测模型,引入取代率权重变化因子,其只与龄期有关,混合取代得到的强度增长因子介于取代水泥和取代细骨料得到的二者之间,且随龄期的增长,粉煤灰取代细骨料对强度的作用效应愈发增强。     

Properties of steel fiber reinforced fly ash concrete

This paper reports on a comprehensive study on the properties of concrete containing fly ash and steel fibers. Properties studied include unit weight and workability of fresh concrete, and compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, splitting tensile strength, elasticity modulus, sorptivity coefficient, drying shrinkage and freeze–thaw resistance of hardened concrete. Fly ash content used was 0%, 15% and 30% in mass basis, and fiber volume fraction was 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% in volume basis. The laboratory results showed that steel fiber addition, either into Portland cement concrete or fly ash concrete, improve the tensile strength properties, drying shrinkage and freeze–thaw resistance. However, it reduced workability and increase sorptivity coefficient. Although fly ash replacement reduce strength properties, it improves workability, reduces drying shrinkage and increases freeze–thaw resistance of steel fiber reinforced concrete. The performed experiments show that the behaviour of fly ash concrete is similar to that of Portland cement concrete when fly ash is added.     

C60高性能混凝土配合比设计及其性能试验研究

利用粉煤灰、高效减水剂配制出了C60高性能混凝土。当粉煤灰掺量为16%,高效减水剂掺量为1.0%,高性能混凝土28d强度高达77.3MPa,CI-扩散系数低至1.52×10~(-9)cm~2/s,1m~3混凝土节省水泥约200kg。本课题即C60高性能混凝土的配制试验,为今后高性能混凝土在实际中的应用打下良好的基础。     

Influence of fly ash on strength and sorption characteristics of cold-bonded fly ash aggregate concrete

Cold-bonded fly ash aggregate concrete with fly ash as part of binder or fine aggregate facilitates high volume utilization of fly ash in concrete with minimum energy consumption. This paper investigates the influence of fly ash on strength and sorption behaviour of cold-bonded fly ash aggregate concrete due to partial replacement of cement and also as replacement material for sand. While cement replacement must be restricted based on the compressive strength requirement at desired age, replacement of sand with fly ash appears to be advantageous from early days onwards with higher enhancement in strength and higher utilization of fly ash in mixes of lower cement content. Microstructure of concrete was examined under BSEI mode. Replacement of sand with fly ash is effective in reducing water absorption and sorptivity attributable to the densification of both matrix and matrix–aggregate interfacial bond. Cold-bonded fly ash aggregate concrete with a cement content of 250 kg/m³, results in compressive strength of about 45 MPa, with a total inclusion of around 0.6 m³ of fly ash in unit volume of concrete.     

预拌混凝土中粉煤灰不同掺量对比研究

采用两种不同强度等级的小野田水泥,Ⅱ级粉煤灰,进行不同掺量粉煤灰混凝土对比试验,对两者的坍落度经时损失、强度、耐久性以及经济性进行测试与分析.结果表明:粉煤灰的掺量在一定范围内,大掺量粉煤灰混凝土的流动性比小掺量的混凝土好,坍落度损失要小;大掺量粉煤灰混凝土的早期强度较低,但是后期的强度有明显的增长;大掺量粉煤灰混凝土与小掺量的混凝土抗渗、抗冻、碳化性能相差不大,可用于对耐久性要求不高的工程,而且具有很好的经济效益和社会效益.     

矿物掺合料对植生混凝土抗压强度及pH值的影响研究

采用矿物掺合料等量取代水泥的方法配制植生混凝土,研究了粉煤灰、硅灰及偏高岭土对混凝土抗压强度和内部孔隙pH值发展的影响规律。研究结果表明:单掺粉煤灰、硅灰及偏高岭土植生混凝土,28 d抗压强度达8.0~10.0 MPa,孔隙率为30%以上,90 d孔溶液pH值降低至11.6~11.8。满足河流护岸、道路护坡等对植生混凝土要求。     

Properties of sustainable concrete containing fly ash,slag and recycled concrete aggregate

The suitability of using more “sustainable” concrete for wind turbine foundations and other applications involving large quantities of concrete was investigated. The approach taken was to make material substitutions so that the environmental, energy and CO₂-impact of concrete could be reduced. This was accomplished by partial replacement of cement with large volumes of fly ash or blast furnace slag and by using recycled concrete aggregate.Five basic concrete mixes were considered. These were: (1) conventional mix with no material substitutions, (2) 50% replacement of cement with fly ash, (3) 50% replacement of cement with blast furnace slag, (4) 70% replacement of cement with blast furnace slag and (5) 25% replacement of cement with fly ash and 25% replacement with blast furnace slag. Recycled concrete aggregate was investigated in conventional and slag-modified concretes. Properties investigated included compressive and tensile strengths, elastic modulus, coefficient of permeability and durability in chloride and sulphate solutions. It was determined that the mixes containing 50% slag gave the best overall performance. Slag was particularly beneficial for concrete with recycled aggregate and could reduce strength losses. Durability tests indicated slight increases in coefficient of permeability and chloride diffusion coefficient when using recycled concrete aggregate. However, values remained acceptable for durable concrete and the chloride diffusion coefficient was improved by incorporation of slag in the mix. Concrete with 50% fly ash had relatively poor performance for the materials and mix proportions used in this study and it is recommended that such mixes be thoroughly tested before use in construction projects.     

以钢渣和粉煤灰为掺合料的水泥基泡沫混凝土的研制

研究了钢渣和粉煤灰为掺合料对水泥基泡沫混凝土性能的影响。结果表明：用优质粉煤灰等质量取代水泥。不仅可降低泡沫混凝土的干体积密度和导热系数,而且在同条件下可提高低泡沫混凝土的强度;钢渣粉对泡沫混凝土的干体积密度影响不大。但会降低泡沫混凝土的强度．而钢渣粉与粉煤灰复合取代水泥时可以得到良好的效果：泡沫用量是影响泡沫混凝土的干体积密度、抗压强度和导热系数的主要因素,泡沫量增加会导致泡沫混凝土的密度降低,强度也减小,导热系数减小;泡沫混凝土的导热系数与干体积密度近似呈指数函数关系。     

Self-compacting concrete with different levels of pulverized fuel ash

This research investigated self-compacting concrete (SCC) with levels of up to 80% cement replacement by fly ash in mixes adjusted to give constant fresh concrete properties. The hardened concrete and the relationships between hardened properties were then studied.The results show that SCC with up 80% cement replaced by fly ash is possible. To keep the filling ability constant, replacement of cement with fly ash would require an increase in water/powder (W/P) ratio and a reduction in superplasticiser dosage. They also show fly ash have negative effects on passing ability, consistence retention and hardened concrete properties such as strength. The comparison between SCC and normally vibrated concrete (NVC) shows that their material properties of are similar. The successful completion of this project can lead to the use of higher volume fly ash in SCC.