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川西林盘冬夏季热环境实测分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过对两栋典型川西林盘冬、夏季室内热环境的现场测试,采用ASHRAE55-2004关于自然通风建筑热舒适评价方法作为评价依据对被测川西林盘的室内热环境进行了评价分析。结果表明,川西林盘的冬夏季室内热环境略优于当地农宅,绿化遮阳与构建室外微环境可改善农宅的室内热环境,对于我国农村住宅节能设计研究具有一定的借鉴性。 相似文献
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现场实测调查鄂西南传统干栏式民居室内热舒适水平,首次构建居民的热舒适模型。研究分冬夏两季进行,对208户民居进行热环境参数实测、387位居民的主观热感觉进行问卷调查,再用回归方程进行大量数据分析,确立其热舒适阈值为:夏季热中性温度为26.0℃,可接受的温度范围是22.2~29.7℃;冬季热中性温度为13.2℃,可接受的温度范围是8.1~18.4℃。按此值选取两户典型传统民居进行热环境评价,发现夏季室内热环境较舒适,冬季室内热环境较差;进而提出当地传统民居的优化重点是冬季保温,适当兼顾夏季防热。最后结合当地乡村住宅的现状,分析适宜的热环境优化策略。 相似文献
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为研究严寒地区火炕采暖不均匀环境的热舒适温度及其影响因素,对火炕农宅冬季的室内热环境进行了现场测试,建立了热舒适评价模型,并对热环境评价方法进行了分析.同时,利用CFD仿真模拟的方法对室内热舒适性的影响因素进行了分析.测试结果表明,火炕农宅冬季的室内热舒适温度为17.7 ℃,90%可接受的操作温度的范围为14.7~ 20.8℃.模拟结果表明,在保证基本供暖室温的前提下,较低的火炕表面温度、较高的辅助热源温度以及保温性能较好的围护结构,有助于减小室内温度不均匀性,增加居民热舒适感.火炕营造的微气候环境可以满足农宅居民的热舒适要求. 相似文献
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为全面了解关中地区乡村住宅热环境状况和人体热舒适度,对该地区216户乡村住宅热环境与居民热舒适进行了现场问卷调查,实测了传统典型乡村住宅的冬夏季室内温度。结果表明,2层室内热环境较差,1层的厦房、客厅和卧室温度变化特性基本一致,但是卧室由于直接接受太阳光照射,冬季热环境较好,夏季卧室温度则稍高于客厅温度;根据ISO 7730标准和我国标准,该地区乡村住宅冬季室内舒适温度区间分别为13.9~20.8℃、12.3~22.5℃,夏季室内舒适温度区间分别为24.7~28.0℃、23.9~28.8℃;总体上,关中地区村民对冬季室内热感觉及满意度的分布频率低于对夏季室内热感觉及满意度的分布频率。因此,关中地区乡村住宅节能设计应以冬季保温为主,兼顾夏季防热。 相似文献
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四川盆地地区农村住宅冬季热环境实测与评价 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文对四川盆地地区7栋典型农村住宅的冬季室内外空气温度进行了现场实测,并采用ASHRAE 55-2004关于自然通风建筑的热舒适评价方法,对四川盆地地区震后新建和现存农村住宅的室内热环境进行了评价,以掌握四川盆地地区农宅的冬季室内热环境状况,为农村住宅的建筑节能与可持续发展设计提供基础.结果表明,四川盆地地区农村住宅冬季室内空气温度偏低,无法达到80%可接受温度下限值,川西林盘冬季室内热环境略优于其它类型农宅. 相似文献
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广东地区新建农宅有向多层发展和天井消失的趋势,室内热环境因此而变化。为了解广东地区新建农宅室内热环境现状,选取有天井现代农宅、无天井现代农宅和传统农宅各一栋进行现场实测,在对比分析的基础上发现现代农宅室内热环境存在优化的空间。针对广东地区现代农宅存在的问题,借助计算机辅助分析的手法提出适宜的优化措施,屋面遮阳、增大天窗高度及天窗开口置于下风向是改善有天井多层农宅夏季室内热环境的有效措施,无天井现代农宅通过局部架空和窗口遮阳改善室内热环境效果显著。 相似文献
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关于"热感觉"与"热舒适"的讨论 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
王昭俊 《建筑热能通风空调》2005,24(2):93-94,102
对哈尔滨市居民的热感觉与热舒适状况的调查结果表明:热感觉投票值分布频率与热舒适投票值分布频率是有差异的。对新加坡现场调查结果的分析数据也表明:热感觉与热舒适是不同的,热感觉和热舒适既仔在于稳态热环境中又存在于动态热环境中。 相似文献
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《Planning》2015,(4)
With the improvement of living standards, peasants have attached increasing attention to quality of living environment, indoor thermal comfort of rural residence has become a functional need of new countryside residence. Chengdu is a foggy area with shorter sunshine hours, humid air, more foggy but fewer windy days, so local residence is likely to be muggy, which influences comfort of residents seriously. According to relevant researches, most rural residences in Chengdu use only natural ventilation, and the indoor thermal comfort is poor. In view of this, this paper tried to improve indoor thermal comfort and quality of living environment from the perspective of residence functional design. 相似文献
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A three-part series presents the development of models for predicting the local thermal sensation (Part I) and local comfort (Part II) of different parts of the human body, and also the whole-body sensation and comfort responses (Part III). The models predict these subjective responses to the environment from thermophysiological measurements or predictions (skin and core temperatures). The models apply to a range of environments: uniform and non-uniform, transient and stable. They are based on diverse results from literature and from body-part-specific human subject tests in a climate chamber. They were validated against a test of passengers in automobiles. This series is intended to present the rationale, structure, and coefficients for these models so that others can test them and develop them further as additional empirical data becomes available. The experimental methods and some measured results from the climate chamber tests have been published previously.Part II describes a thermal comfort model with coefficients representing 19 individual local body parts. For each part, its local comfort is predicted from local and whole-body thermal sensations. These inputs are obtained from the sensation models described in Part I and III, or from measurements. 相似文献
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良好的住宅小区风热环境可以加快室外热量的消散和污染物排放,保证居民的健康和舒适。影响小区风热环境的因素主要有小区布局、建筑形态及下垫面形式等。以青岛市一个实际小区为案例采用数值模拟的方法分析小区冬夏季行人高度的风场及温度场分布,评估设计的合理性,找出小区内风热环境不满足要求的区域。通过调整小区内建筑的布局和改变下垫面形式等方法改进小区的设计,并对改进后的方案进行模拟计算。通过模拟结果的对比发现:1合理布局建筑位置,在小区内形成风道可有效改善风环境;2改变下垫面热物性,提高地面材料的反射率,能够降低地面附近的空气温度和体感温度,改善小区热环境。 相似文献
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Thermal comfort evaluation with virtual manikin methods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hkan O. Nilsson 《Building and Environment》2007,42(12):4000-4005
Computational fluid dynamics has become an important tool in the prediction of thermal comfort in occupied spaces. Despite its ability to predict temperature and velocity fields, it is more difficult to evaluate the degree of thermal comfort experienced by an occupant. This article describes the construction of a new numerical thermal manikin, with new comfort evaluation methods based on data from thermal manikin measurements as well as subjective results from several hundred experiments. The level of thermal comfort is highly dependent on the local environment. Human beings respond differently to local heat transfer in different parts of their bodies. It is suggested for that reason that local results from manikins should be presented in new clothing independent comfort zone diagrams. The research presented in here is intended to be used to evaluate system solutions that provide improved thermal climate in many different everyday situations, e.g. all types of buildings and vehicles. 相似文献
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西藏林芝地区传统民居是在高原寒冷气候条件下形成的居住形态。本文选取林芝地区传统民居和现代民居在冬季进行室内外温湿度,风速等热环境参数测量,并对民居的建筑热工性能及室内热环境进行定量分析与对比,同时通过热舒适指标对传统建筑热舒适进行评价。结果表明传统民居外围护结构具有较好的热工性能,通过被动式的方式降低室外气候对室内的影响,但室内不能达到热舒适标准,需要通过采暖和合理的功能安排实现室内热舒适。 相似文献