Influence of Blade Chordwise Lean on Development of Cascade Losses

ＩｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｏｆＢｌａｄｅＣｈｏｒｄｗｉｓｅＬｅａｎｏｎＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＣａｓｃａｄｅＬｏｓｓｅｓＩｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｏｆＢｌａｄｅＣｈｏｒｄｗｉｓｅＬｅａｎｏｎＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＣａｓｃａｄｅＬｏｓｓｅｓ￥ＨａｎＷａｎｊｉｎ；...     

Performance of Wells Turbine with Guide Vanes for Wave Energy Conversion

ＰｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅｏｆＷｅｌｌｓＴｕｒｂｉｎｅｗｉｔｈＧｕｉｄｅＶａｎｅｓｆｏｒＷａｖｅＥｎｅｒｇｙＣｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎＭａｎａｂｕＴａｋａｏ；ＴｏｓｈｉａｋｉＳｅｔｏｇｕｃｈｉ；ＫｅｎｊｉＫａｎｅｋｏ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃａ...     

Experimental and Modeling Investigation of Coal Gasification in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌａｎｄＭｏｄｅｌｉｎｇＩｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｆＣｏａｌＧａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｎａＦｌｕｉｄｉｚｅｄＢｅｄＲｅａｃｔｏｒＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌａｎｄＭｏｄｅｌｉｎｇＩｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｆＣｏａｌＧａｓｉｆｉｃ...     

Comparative Analysis of Some Representative Models of Viscosity Versus Pressure in the Case of Various Hydrocarbons and Their Mixtures

ＣｏｍｐａｒａｔｉｖｅＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆＳｏｍｅＲｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｖｅＭｏｄｅｌｓｏｆＶｉｓｃｏｓｉｔｙＶｅｒｓｕｓＰｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｉｎｔｈｅＣａｓｅｏｆＶａｒｉｏｕｓＨｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎｓａｎｄＴｈｅｉｒＭｉｘｔｕｒｅｓＣｏｍｐａｒａｔｉ...     

Ignition and Extinction of Monopropellant Droplet with Lewis Number Different from Unity

ＩｇｎｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄＥｘｔｉｎｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＭｏｎｏｐｒｏｐｅｌｌａｎｔＤｒｏｐｌｅｔｗｉｔｈＬｅｗｉｓＮｕｍｂｅｒＤｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｆｒｏｍＵｎｉｔｙ￥ＦｅｒｎａｎｄｏＦ．Ｆａｃｈｉｎｉ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｏＮａｃｉｏｎａｌｄｅＰｅｓｑｕｉｓａｓＥ...     

Experimental Studieson Gas－Particle Flows and Coal Combustion in New Generation Spouting－Cyclone Combustor

ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＳｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎＧａｓ－ＰａｒｔｉｃｌｅＦｌｏｗｓａｎｄＣｏａｌＣｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎｉｎＮｅｗＧｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎＳｐｏｕｔｉｎｇ－ＣｙｃｌｏｎｅＣｏｍｂｕｓｔｏｒＤ．Ｘ．Ｗａｎｇ；Ｚ．Ｈ．Ｍａ；Ｘ．Ｌ．Ｗａｎｇ；Ｌ．Ｘ．Ｚ...     

Measurement of Monochromatic Emissivity of Cement Clinker with Various Fe_2O_3 Content at High Temperature

ＭｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｏｎｏｃｈｒｏｍａｔｉｃＥｍｉｓｓｉｖｉｔｙｏｆＣｅｍｅｎｔＣｌｉｎｋｅｒｗｉｔｈＶａｒｉｏｕｓＦｅ＿２Ｏ＿３ＣｏｎｔｅｎｔａｔＨｉｇｈＴｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅＺ．Ｊ．Ｙｅ；Ｃ．Ｆ．Ｍａ；Ｓ．Ｙ．Ｈｕａｎｇ（ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＰ...     

Heat and Mass Transfer Enforcement of Vibrating Fluidized Bed

ＨｅａｔａｎｄＭａｓｓＴｒａｎｓｆｅｒＥｎｆｏｒｃｅｍｅｎｔｏｆＶｉｂｒａｔｉｎｇＦｌｕｉｄｉｚｅｄＢｅｄ￥ＣｈｕＺｈｉｄｅ；ＹａｎｇＪｕｎｈｏｎｇ；ＬｉＸｕｈｕｉ；ＳｏｎｇＹａｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＴｈｅｒｍａｌＥｎｅｒｇｙＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒ...     

An Absolute Method for Determination ofThermal Conductivities of Thermal Insulators by Microcalorimetry

ＡｎＡｂｓｏｌｕｔｅＭｅｔｈｏｄｆｏｒＤｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆＴｈｅｒｍａｌＣｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓｏｆＴｈｅｒｍａｌＩｎｓｕｌａｔｏｒｓｂｙＭｉｃｒｏｃａｌｏｒｉｍｅｔｒｙＣｈｅｎＸｕｅｌｉｎ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＭａｔ...     

Numerical Simulation of 3—D Turbulent Gas—Particle FLows In a Nonslagging Cyclone COmbustor

ＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌＳｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆ３－ＤＴｕｒｂｕｌｅｎｔＧａｓ－ＰａｒｔｉｃｌｅＦｌｏｗｓＩｎａＮｏｎｓｌａｇｇｉｎｇＣｙｃｌｏｎｅＣｏｍｂｕｓｔｏｒ￥ＢｉａｏＺｈｏｕ，ＷｅｎｙｉＬｉｎ，ＬｉｘｉｎｇＺｈｏｕ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｇ...     

溶有甲烷柴油稳态喷雾特性的试验研究

对溶有甲烷柴油的稳态喷雾特性进行研究。喷雾特性和形状分别由激光粒度分析仪LDSA1300A和数码照相机记录。试验使用了六个不同长径比L／D的直圆孔喷嘴。溶解压力和喷射压力范围分别是0．1MPa到10MPa和5MPa到10MPa。研究了甲烷溶解度、测量位置、喷射压力和喷嘴参数对喷雾特性的影响。结果表明：在柴油中溶入甲烷，出现了减压沸腾喷射现象；与纯柴油相比，喷雾形状和锥角产生了很大变化；流量系数随着溶解度和L／D值的增加而减小；甲烷溶解度和L／D的共同作用对雾化有正反两方面的影响。     

Spray characteristics and controlling mechanism of fuel containing CO2

This paper presents studies of spray characteristics and controlling mechanism of fuel containing CO₂. Using diesel fuel containing CO₂ gas, experiments were conducted on diesel hole-type nozzles and simple nozzles. The steady spray and transient spray characteristics were observed and measured by instantaneous shadowgraphy, high-speed photography, phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) and LDSA respectively. The effects of CO₂ concentration in the fuel, the injection pressure, the nozzle L/D ratio, surrounding gas pressure and temperature on the atomization behavior and spray pattern were evaluated. The results show that the injection of fuel containing CO₂ can greatly improve the atomization and produce a parabolic-shaped spray; and the CO₂ gas concentration, surrounding gas pressure, temperature and nozzle configuration have dominant influences on spray characteristics of the fuel containing CO₂. New insight into the controlling mechanism of atomization of the fuel containing CO₂ was provided.     

溶气对不同燃油喷雾特性的影响

对溶有甲烷(CH4)的煤油和柴油稳态喷雾特性进行了试验研究,并对两者的试验结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,溶气对燃油的雾化有正反两方面的影响,它与CH4的浓度、喷嘴的L/D值、燃油的性质有关;柴油和煤油试验结果的规律相似,但促进雾化的临界浓度值不同;由于溶气的膨胀作用,在喷嘴出口处形成均匀的喷雾,喷雾锥角急剧增大;CH4的浓度较大时,燃油雾化粒子分布规律向小粒径方向移动,浓度较小时,向大粒径方向移动;低粘度的燃油有助于增强溶气对燃油雾化的促进作用。     

直喷式柴油机高压喷射特性的研究

结合国产６１１０柴油机高压喷射技术的实用性开发，研究了供油系统中喷油泵，高压油管和喷油嘴对喷油压力的影响，并以激光纹影高速摄影和激光粒子尺寸分析仪，测量了喷油压力４０－１００ＭＰａ变化时的喷雾特性。结果表明：实现高压喷射的有效措施是采用多孔数，小孔径喷嘴，小孔径喷嘴在高喷射压力下，喷注的贯穿度和喷雾的破碎期减少，雾化改善。     

燃油溶气喷射对柴油机燃烧和排放的影响

为了燃油溶气喷射技术应用到发动机上，本文在柴油机上进行了燃油溶气燃烧试验研究。着重探讨了燃油溶解二氧化碳或空气后对发动机燃烧特性和排放生成的影响。结果表明燃油溶气喷射可同时降低柴油机氮氧化物和碳烟的排放，有望发展城一种新的发动机燃烧和排放控制技术。     

直喷式柴油机供油系统对高压喷射特性影响的研究

本介绍了直喷式柴油机泵－管－嘴供油系统及其主要参数对喷油压力及其供油特性的影响，试验在油泵试验台上进行，通过对两种油泵，多种油嘴和油管的不同匹配试验发现，实现高压喷射有效手段是在提高压油泵喷油压力的同时，还必须精心选用小孔径，多孔数喷嘴；喷油压力圣孔径变化最为敏感，高压喷射供油系统设计中，应注意防止２次喷射及穴蚀的产生。     

生物柴油发动机NOx排放影响因素的数值模拟

根据生物柴油与柴油物性参数的差别,对柴油缸内喷雾燃烧模型进行修正,建立了生物柴油的缸内喷雾燃烧模型,利用该模型计算得到的缸内压力示功图与试验结果进行对比,验证了模型的准确性;利用AVL - fire软件,计算了发动机参数对生物柴油NOx排放的影响规律,着重考察了喷孔直径、喷雾锥角、喷油提前角、EGR率对燃烧温度和NOx...     

Effects of injection strategies and fuel injector configuration on combustion and emission characteristics of a D.I. diesel engine fueled by bio-diesel

A multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling was conducted on a D.I. (Direct Injection) diesel engine fueled by bio-diesel based on KIVA4 code. Comprehensive chemistry prediction of bio-diesel fuel was taken into account by enhancing the combustion model of the default KIVA4 code. An advanced multi-component fuel combustion model was applied to accurately predict the oxidation of saturated and unsaturated agents of the bio-diesel fuel using a reduced chemical kinetics mechanism. In order to accurately model spray, atomization and evaporation of the bio-diesel fuel, detailed thermophysical properties of fuel components were predicted and tabulated in the fuel routine of the KIVA4 code. After the validation for cylinder pressure and heat release rate at engine mid load with experimental engine tests, further numerical studies were performed to investigate effects of injection strategies such as double and triple injection pulses and axial location of injector nozzle. It has been found that cylinder peak pressure was increased by applying double and triple injections and some enhancements on output power was also observed. Moreover, it was found that nozzle axial location has considerable effect on combustion of the bio-diesel fuel where wall impingement of the liquid bio-diesel fuel resulted in lower evaporation and higher unburnt hydro carbon (UHC) emission.     

选择性催化还原系统防沉积物堵塞喷嘴设计与喷射特性分析

针对选择性催化还原系统产生的沉积物易造成喷嘴堵塞,引起喷嘴管路背压过高及雾化喷射不均匀等问题,设计并研制了一种防沉积物堵塞喷嘴。该喷嘴通过调节喷嘴芯与螺套的锁紧量调定喷嘴的稳定喷射压力,并通过对喷嘴芯的最大开度进行机械限位,有效避免了尿素雾化喷射不均匀及NH 3逃逸等问题。对喷嘴的起闭特性与孔口径向截面的流量特性进行了理论分析,结果表明:当喷嘴因沉积物造成堵塞时,喷嘴芯开度随压力升高而增大,喷嘴孔口径向截面面积及截面质量流量也随之增大,有效提高了喷嘴内部沉积物的排出率,并降低了孔口外部沉积物的凝结风险。采用流体仿真软件Fluent对喷嘴的喷射特性进行了数值模拟,进一步探究了不同喷嘴芯开度及锥度角对喷嘴孔口径向截面面积、截面速度分布及截面流量特性的影响。最后,通过试验验证了喷嘴的喷射效果与开启压力精度。试验结果表明:采用该喷嘴后,喷嘴雾滴分布均匀,雾化效果良好,且在各稳定喷射压力下喷嘴均可以稳定开启,开启压力精度为±5%。     

Nozzle flow and atomization characteristics of ethanol blended biodiesel fuel

This study was conducted to investigate the injection and atomization characteristics of biodiesel–ethanol blended fuel. The injection performance of biodiesel–ethanol blended fuel was analyzed from the injection rate characteristics using the injection rate measuring system, and the effective injection velocity and effective spray diameter using the nozzle flow model. Moreover, the atomization characteristics, such as local and overall SMD distributions, overall axial velocity and droplet arrival time were analyzed and compared with these from diesel and biodiesel fuels to obtain the atomization characteristics of biodiesel–ethanol blended fuel.It was revealed that ethanol fuel affects the decrease of the peak injection rate and the shortening of the injection delay due to the decrease of fuel properties, such as fuel density and dynamic viscosity. In addition, the ethanol addition improved the atomization performance of biodiesel fuel, because the ethanol blended fuel has a low kinematic viscosity and surface tension, then that has more active interaction with the ambient gas, compared to BD100.