中国能源可持续发展的遗传神经网络评价

为了反映中国30个省(市、自治区)的能源可持续发展现状,提出有利于能源可持续发展的政策建议,该文利用国际原子能机构2005年开发完成的可持续发展能源指标体系,建立了包含14个指标的中国能源可持续发展指标体系,采用遗传神经网络模型评价了2006年各省(市、自治区)的能源可持续发展水平。结果表明:30个省(市、自治区)的能源可持续发展水平差异明显;能源贫乏省(市、自治区)比能源丰富省(市、自治区)的能源可持续发展能力高。最后根据分析结果提出了一些政策建议。     

我国节能 可再生能源专项资金评价

在对我国现有或曾经建立的与节能和可再生能源相关的专项基金、资金调查的基础上,本文描述了各类基金、资金设立的目的、用途和使用效果,并与国外支持节能和可再生能源发展的公益基金作了比较,结合我国节能与可再生能源可持续发展进程中存在的问题,对各类基金与资金的作用进行了相应的评价,最后提出在我国建立节能和可再生能源公共利益基金的建议。     

中国城市能源指标体系初探

为揭示中国城市能源发展中存在的共性和特性问题,建立了一套城市能源评价指标体系。基于大量统计和调研数据,对10个典型城市的能源系统进行分析、比较,提出了促进我国城市能源系统可持续发展的建议。     

城市能源变革评价指数及实证研究

城市是世界能源消费的主体和能源变革的主战场,对我国城市能源变革进展情况进行综合评价对掌握现状并指导我国能源革命的未来方向具有重要的参考意义。本文从能源变革驱动城市发展的角度出发,提出了全面反映城市能源变革成效、趋势、动力等不同维度的城市能源变革评价指标并构建评价体系,基于我国40个城市的实际样本数据进行了实证研究。研究表明,2013—2017年,我国城市能源变革成效明显,城市的发展水平与能源变革成效具有较强相关性。本文的研究结果可为研判我国城市能源变革成效以及制定合理变革策略提供量化参考。     

模糊综合评价在绿色能源评价中的应用研究

针对当前对能源的绿色性尚无一致的评价方法,在综合考虑传统能源评价体系的同时结合我国国情,采用模糊综合评价法选取绝对成本、生态和谐、能源安全及可持续性四个指标体系评价绿色能源,为绿色能源评价提供了可靠依据.     

我国能源贸易及其对经济可持续发展的影响

本文对我国能源贸易现状进行了分析,并通过选取污染气体排放量、GDP、国内能源消费、能源净出口等变量,采用矩阵方法对我国1985年至2007年间能源贸易对经济可持续发展的影响进行了定量化分析。研究认为,1985年至2007年间能源净出口对经济可持续发展具有重要的影响;同时,能源进口对于经济可持续发展所发挥的作用要大于出口。最后,给出了促进经济可持续发展的能源贸易政策建议。     

我国能源安全问题研究——基于模糊综合评价方法

本文从能源供应安全、消费安全和能源生态安全3个方面归纳出17个指标,建立中国能源安全综合评价指标体系,采用熵权法测度评价指标权重,运用模糊综合评价法计算出2000—2013年我国能源安全的综合得分,结果表明,计算期内我国能源安全整体趋势先下降后上升,能源供应安全一直呈现快速下降趋势,能源消费安全整体趋势基本一致,而能源生态安全不断提高。最后提出了提高能源安全的若干建议。     

认真依法配套改革方是根本保证──煤炭工业可持续发展探讨

“中国能源”１９９８年１０期发表的张麟文“煤炭工业可持续发展问题的探讨”是一篇重要文章,它系统地阐述了煤炭工业可持续发展的要求、差距和应采取的对策,对我国能源主力的煤炭工业贯彻“中国２１世纪议程”中提出的可持续发展方针,具有重要的指导意义。笔者基本同...     

北京市能源—经济—环境可持续发展的评价

从能源合理利用、降低污染排放、资源循环利用和环保资金投入4个评价准则出发,构建了一种结构关系简单、针对性强的城市能源一经济一环境指标体系.利用指标体系对北京、上海、天津、重庆以及山东等10个省市的能源、经济与环境可持续发展状况进行了评价,评价结果表明北京市的综合得分位居所选省市之首.分析结果还表明北京市新能源的发展和资...     

科学发展观指导下的中国能源发展战略

能源发展战略是对能源总体发展的部署、谋划和设计。我国能源发展战略既是在科学发展观指导下制定的,又是科学发展观的重要组成部分。我国能源发展战略的基本内容是坚持节约优先、立足国内、多元发展、保护环境、科技创新、深化改革、国际合作、改善民生,推进能源生产和利用方式变革,构建安全、稳定、经济、清洁的现代能源产业体系,努力以能源的可持续发展支撑经济社会的可持续发展。构建可持续发展的能源体系是我国能源发展战略的核心。坚持节约资源的基本国策,加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会,是贯彻落实科学发展观、实现可持续发展的必然要求,这为我国在科学发展观指导下制定能源资源安全战略提供了依据。加强国际能源合作是能源发展战略的重要内容。需要从战略高度充分认识做好能源资源工作的重要性和紧迫性,按照科学发展观指导下的能源安全战略的指引,科学谋划我国能源发展的总体方略,促进中国能源产业的健康、有序、可持续发展。     

提高能源决策水平相关问题探讨

我国正处在能源高速发展的十字路口,未来中国的能源能否可持续发展,能源决策将起着龙头作用。该文比较全面地剖析了近几年我国能源决策的现状,肯定了政府为提高能源决策能力而作出的成绩,指出了新时期我国能源发展将面临的挑战,提出了进一步提高能源决策的建议。     

Sustainable development of rural energy and its appraising system in China

The local biomass resources have been used in rural China for quite a long time, which has a close connection with and will inevitably affect the environment. In recent years, China has experienced rapid economic growth and equally rapid increases in energy use, especially commercial energy, in rural areas. As a result, energy induced environmental degradation has also increased in rural China. This paper discusses the relationship between China’s rural energy and its sustainable development. It brings forward the index system for appraising the sustainable development of rural energy (SDRE), calculates the weighing of each index with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), puts forward the quantification method and provides the basis for the research of the rural energy for sustainable development in different areas and periods.     

Sustainably integrating desalination with solar power to overcome future freshwater scarcity in China

Freshwater resources and energy are the two material foundations of human survival and the two challenges for human sustainable development. China’s huge population needs a large amount of freshwater for basic necessities. Desalination is an intelligent and promising technology for increasing water resources to realize a sustainable supply of freshwater. However, high levels of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions have restricted the development of desalination. Solar energy has the unique advantage that it can be harnessed in different forms. This paper discusses the water resources and solar energy utilization status in China and presents a comprehensive review on a possible solution: coupling desalination technologies with sustainable energy. China’s desalination market is reviewed, and the energy consumption for several desalination processes is summarized to present a brief outlook of desalination techniques in China. Potential coupled methods for solar-powered desalination are compared. This study will facilitate understanding of the latent water crisis in China and help China’s desalination market transition from conventional energy sources to choose an appropriate solar-powered desalination process.     

中国交通运输部门中长期能源发展与碳排放情景设计及其结果分析(一)

随着我国经济的持续增长及人民生活水平的提高,随着汽车逐步进入家庭,我国交通运输部门的能源需求将会以较高的速度增长,也将对整个国家能源供需和环境保护产生重要影响。本研究试图在对中国社会经济发展以及能源预测和碳排放情景相关的研究回顾与分析评价研讨的基础上,探讨可能影响中国交通运输能源发展与碳排放的主要不确定因素,并借助相关的模型分析工具,分析比较中国未来交通用能和碳排放的发展趋势,提出相应的政策建议。     

Tackling climate change and promoting the energy revolution

Following the Paris Agreement, green and low-carbon development has entered into a new stage. China’s international responsibility to combat climate change is consistent with the inherent sustainable development needs of the country. In this paper, the reasonability of China’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) is examined and the fact that lowcarbon development can lead to modernization is demonstrated based on data analysis of energy economics from developed countries. Considering the fact that such an energy revolution forms the basis for China’s low-carbon transition, a roadmap of the China’s energy utilization is presented. Based on research results from the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the three historical stages of China’s energy structure reform are analyzed. Promoting a low-carbon transition through an energy revolution is a long-term and arduous process that requires a genuine transformation of development outlook and patterns. By empirically analyzing situations at home and abroad, a conclusion is made that economic development and a lowcarbon transition can be achieved simultaneously; specifically, low-carbon development fosters new points of economic growth and gives rise to different development paths.     

Technologies and policies for the transition to a sustainable energy system in china

The paper highlights the energy dilemma in China’s modernization process. It explores the technological and policy options for the transition to a sustainable energy system in China with Tsinghua University’s Low Carbon Energy Model (LCEM). China has already taken intensive efforts to promote research, development, demonstration and commercialization of sustainable energy technologies over the past five year. The policy actions cover binding energy conservation and environmental pollution control targets, economic incentives for sustainable energy, and public R&D supports. In order to achieve the sustainable energy system transformation eventually, however, China needs to take further actions such as strengthening R&D of radically innovative sustainable energy technologies and systems such as poly-generation, enhancing the domestic manufacturing capacity of sustainable energy technologies and systems, creating stronger economic incentives for research, development, demonstration and commercialization of sustainable energy technologies, and playing a leading role in international technology collaborations.     

中国能源可持续发展体系构建与电力新技：术开发研究

能源问题在中国的可持续发展体系构建和社会主义和谐生活中都是有着重要地位的，主要就是针对于能源问题对可持续发展体系的构建和电力新技术的开发问题展开了论述和探讨。     

Developing low-carbon economy: Actions,challenges and solutions for energy savings in China

Global warming and financial crisis have brought severe threats to human existence and economic growth. Utilization of potential for energy savings is necessary for alleviating energy shortage, protecting environment and achieving sustainable economic and social development. This paper has not only comprehensively evaluated the China’s energy savings opportunities, but also systematically analyzed the primary challenges and deficiencies in China’s energy savings policies, and proposed targeted countermeasures and suggestions. This is of important guiding significance for China to establish a long-term effective mechanism to boost energy-saving technologies and products, and to promote the economic development toward a low-carbon mode.     

出口结构调整对我国能源需求的影响

出口是推动我国经济发展、带动能源需求快速增长的重要因素。为实现2020年全面小康社会发展目标,确保能源清洁、安全、可持续供应,实现对外承诺减排目标,必须持续大幅度降低单位GDP能耗,合理控制能源消费总量。调整和优化出口结构,降低出口的直接和间接能源消耗,是实现上述目标的重要途径。本文从转变发展方式、破解资源环境约束、提高出口的质量和效益等角度,分析了调整出口结构的必要性。利用投入产出和情景分析方法,对我国出口带来的直接和间接能源消费进行核算,并分析了调整和优化出口结构对我国未来一次能源需求的影响。建议调整"出口导向"的发展战略,减少高载能产品、低附加值机电和轻纺产品出口,加大服务贸易出口,促进对外贸易进一步转型升级。