玻璃套管双层吸热芯的热辐射特性研究

为降低多孔介质高温吸热器的辐射散热损失,设计一种玻璃套管-多孔介质双层吸热芯。采用实验测量和蒙特卡洛数值模拟方法,定量分析双层吸热芯的多光谱热辐射传输特性。结果表明,绝大多数太阳辐射外热源在双层吸热芯的内部被吸收（多孔介质入口段）。当工作温度为1000 K时,双层吸热芯的太阳光吸收比与自身红外辐射发射比之比达到约2.0,其辐射热效率较单层多孔介质吸热芯高约30%。     

多孔介质导热的分形模型

多孔介质中热量传递与多孔介质内部的几何结构有密切的关系，讨论了多孔介质的分形结构和相关的分形维数，利用能量方程，导出了分形维数为D的有限尺度多孔介质中的广义热传导方程，在此基础上，假定热量在多孔介质中的传导路线也是一种分形结构，提出了一个筒化的多孔介质并联通道分形导热模型，求出了基于分形理论的多孔介质有效导热系数表达式。     

凝析油气在多孔介质中的相态研究进展

凝析油气体系在地层多孔介质中的储存和渗流，与储层多孔介质形成一个相互作用的系统。多孔介质中的毛管压力、吸附作用、润湿性等必然对油气相态特征和渗流规律有一定程度的影响；尤其在低渗透多孔介质中，影响更为严重。本文对油气在多孔介质中的相态变化规律进行了系统的阐述，比较了流体在有多孔介质和无多孔介质时的相态特征。     

埋地换热器理论模型与周围土壤温度数值模拟

提出内热源型埋地换热器理论模型，建立换热器周围土壤热湿传递物理数学模型。内热源模型综合考虑热湿迁移、土壤物性等各方面因素，将埋设于土壤中的换热器处理为等效内热源。采用专业多孔介质计算软件Autough2对模型进行模拟计算。着重模拟计算不同土壤物性、不同换热器运行方式对单根U型垂直埋管换热器周围土壤温度场影响的模拟计算与分析。     

多孔介质的热物性对往复流动下超绝热火焰的影响

多孔介质燃烧室的传热性能主要取决于多孔介质材料的热物性，本文在气固两相局部非热平衡假设基础上，建立往复式流动下多孔介质超绝热燃烧的二维数学模型，研究了多孔介质的比热、导热系数、衰减系数和体积换热系数等对温度分布和燃烧速率的影响，以期为多孔介质选材和往复流动下多孔介质超绝热燃烧器的优化设计提供理论依据。     

多孔介质发动机工作过程单区模型模拟

采用单区燃烧模型模拟多孔介质（PM）发动机的压缩、燃烧和膨胀过程。以热力学第一定律为基础，引入多孔介质换热模型，建立了多孔介质发动机的能量方程。计算了多种工况参数下PM发动机缸内温度、压强变化规律，分别讨论了压缩比、过量空气系数、多孔介质温度、多孔介质体换热系数等参数对多孔介质发动机燃烧过程的影响。将PM发动机与传统发动机加以比较，结果表明PM使缸内温度和压强的变化趋于平缓，这有利于混合气着火并可降低NO，排放。     

往复式多孔介质燃烧器流动特性的试验研究

研究了往复式多孔介质燃烧器在冷态条件下气流在其中的流动特性规律。在多孔介质的类型和运行温度不变的情况下，往复式多孔介质燃烧器的压降与空截面流速的平方成正比，与多孔介质的厚度成正比；燃烧器的稳定时间基本不受多孔介质厚度和空截面流速的影响。建立了计算压降的简单数学模型，理论模型的计算结果与实验数据符合较好。     

多孔介质中预混火焰猝熄及自稳定性研究

分析了多孔介质中预混火焰的猝熄效应，试验测定了一系列工况下泡沫陶瓷的猝熄直径和自稳定范围，为多孔介质燃烧器的开发设计提供了依据。通过分析发现，猝熄直径受到多个参数的影响，包括：混合气体的流速u、预混气体的层流火焰传播速度SL、燃烧室空管Re、预混气体的导温系数a、当量比φ以及多孔介质固体温度Ts。通过对多孔介质中燃烧的自稳定性试验研究，发现了多孔介质燃烧器中火焰稳定极限(吹脱极限和回火极限)与多孔介质平均孔径和气流速度及燃烧当量比的关系。     

渐变型多孔介质中预混燃烧温度分布试验

进行了预混天然气在等孔隙率渐近变孔径的多孔介质中的燃烧试验，用热电偶测量了燃烧室温度分布，并与单一孔径（d=1mm）的均匀多孔介质中燃烧结果进行了比较。结果表明，渐变型多孔介质燃烧器比均匀型多孔介质燃烧器具有更多的优点：燃烧室温度分布更加均匀，燃烧更加稳定，并能更好的适应当量比和流量／功率的变化，由于孔径的变化，多孔介质中气流扰动增加，有利于火焰的稳定，当量比和流速变化范围增大。     

多孔介质辅助平板式太阳能集热器热性能强化的数值仿真研究

多孔介质材料具有良好的传热和蓄热性能。设计了新型多孔介质辅助平板式太阳能集热器的二维数值仿真模型，对其内部热性能进行了数值模拟，研究多孔介质块的形状(矩形、梯形、三角形结构)、布置数量和渗透率(达西数Da=10^-5～10^-2)等因素对平板式太阳能集热器热性能强化的影响；然后考虑到插入多孔介质伴随的压降和摩擦阻力损失，提出了评价集热器传热性能与阻力损失的性能评估标准。研究结果表明：在平板式太阳能集热器换热通道插入4种不同形状的多孔介质块，矩形多孔介质块背部附近区域更易产生涡区，集热器内传热性能最强，但通道内流动阻力系数大，从而导致阻力损失大。当多孔介质区域总长度一定时，随着多孔介质块布置数量的增加，涡区数量相应增加，集热器内传热性能加强，且通道内流动阻力损失呈现先增加后降低的规律。多孔介质块渗透率对集热器传热性能的影响显著，当Da=10^-2时，集热器传热性能最强。集热器内多孔介质块布置任意数量、高渗透率(Da=10^-2)条件下，矩形多孔介质块的性能评估标准最佳；在多孔介质块布置数量(N=6)较多、低渗...     

Super-High Heat Flux Removal Using Sintered Metal Porous Media

Introduction Recently there have been a demand for the technique to efficiently and steadily cool down extremely high heat flux of over 10 MW/m2, to fulfill not only the needs for plasma facing components in nuclear fusion reactors, but also the needs associated with sophisticated computers or downsizing of such devices as high-density laser equipment and power devices. However, existing cooling techniques in such high heat loading environment are basically based on high speed and highly subc…     

Heat transfer in ground heat exchangers with groundwater advection

In order to estimate the impact of groundwater flow on performance of geothermal heat exchangers in ground source heat pump systems, an equation of conduction–advection is established for heat transfer in porous media, and an analytical transient solution is obtained for a line heat source in an infinite medium by means of the Green function analysis. An explicit expression has also been derived of the mean temperature on circles around the heat source. Dimensionless criteria that dictate the process are summarized, and influence of the groundwater advection on the heat transfer is discussed accordingly. Computations show that water advection in the porous medium may alter significantly the conductive temperature distribution, result in lower temperature rises and lead to a steady condition eventually. The hydraulic and thermal properties of soils and rocks influencing the advection heat transfer are briefly summarized. The analytical solution has provided a theoretical basis and practical tool for design and performance simulation of the ground heat exchangers.     

Performance study on heat and moisture transfer in soil heat charging

In some cold areas, the system performance of the soil source heat pump system is reduced by the decreasing underground soil temperature, which is caused by the thermal imbalance between the heating demand in winter and the cooling demand in summer. Soil heat charging with solar energy in non-heating seasons is proposed for solving the problem. It has been found from previous studies that the effect of the moisture transfer on the heat transfer within porous media could not be neglected especially under higher temperature difference. Therefore, this paper provides an investigation on the heat and moisture transfer in soil during soil heat charging at high temperature. A numerical model is developed for the study. The simulation results are compared with the testing data from the authors' previous study for the model verification. Based on the verified model, the performance of the heat and moisture transfer in soil during soil heat charging in a longer time and a larger area is investigated in the paper. The results show that the testing data match very well with the simulation results within a relative error of ±9% and the mathematical model is reliable for the performance prediction of heat and moisture transfer in soil heat charging. The soil volumetric water content (VWC) distribution tends to be stable after soil heat charging for 13 days and the heat source has an effective influence on soil VWC distribution within 2.4?m. The effect of the heat source temperature and initial VWC on the soil temperature and VWC distribution and heat power is proved to be obvious. Loam has a better performance in soil heat charging than sand.     

The thermal modeling of a matrix heat exchanger using a porous medium and the thermal non-equilibrium model

Heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics through a porous medium were investigated using numerical simulations and experiment. For the numerical simulations two models were created: a two-dimensional numerical model and a Fluent™ computational fluid dynamics (CFD) porous media model. The experimental investigation consisted of a flow channel with a porous medium section that was heated from below by a heat source. The results of the numerical models were compared to the experimental data in order to determine the accuracy of the models. The numerical model was then modified to better simulate a matrix heat exchanger. This numerical model then generated temperature profiles that were used to calculate the heat transfer coefficient of the matrix heat exchanger and develop a correlation between the Nusselt number and the Reynolds number.     

基于响应面与搜索算法的颗粒物强化传热分析方法

基于管内强化传热概念,采用中心组合实验设计方法和多孔介质模型,对管内填充颗粒物强化换热器传热进行模拟计算。应用响应面方法建立了管内颗粒物粒径、孔隙率及管内流速与传热量之间的回归模型,并采用搜索算法对该模型进行优化求解,得到了该模型的最佳填充物参数。结果表明,管内颗粒物强化传热的响应面模型能准确预测颗粒物及入口流速对传热能力的影响。该方法用于颗粒物强化传热研究,能够减少工作量,快速确定填充物最佳结构参数。     

Numerical study and sensitivity analysis on convective heat transfer enhancement in a heat pipe partially filled with porous material using LTE and LTNE methods

An improved design for convective heat transfer in a heat pipe partially filled with porous medium is presented. In the present study, porous media is used to increase heat transfer in laminar flow inside the tube with a constant heat flux boundary condition. The porous segments are set in different positions in the tube, while the ratio of porous volume to total volume of tube is considered to be constant. A performance evaluation criteria (PEC), which takes account of both heat transfer and pumping power, is defined to find the enhanced mode of porous media arrangement. According to the current results, PEC increases with the number of porous segments. Moreover, the sequence of unequal segments arrangement within the tube is from the largest to the smallest part for a higher PEC. Effects of parameters including porosity, Darcy number, and ratio of effective coefficient of thermal conductivity to coefficient of thermal conductivity of fluid (TKR) are investigated for sensitivity analysis. Simulations are conducted using the local thermal equilibrium method. In addition, the local thermal nonequilibrium is also used for comparison. For TKR numbers less than 10, these models show the same results with negligible differences except for TKR more than 10.     

太阳能辅助热泵干燥粮食的数值模拟研究

粮食的干燥过程实质上是多孔介质热湿耦合传递的过程。基于多孔介质热质传递理论,通过数值模拟的方法,针对利用太阳能辅助热泵干燥粮食时热风随时间变化的情况,采用综合温度和空气绝对湿度作为瞬态边界条件来对干燥过程中粮食内部温度和水分的变化进行模拟研究。模拟结果显示小麦水分在干燥150h后达到安全水分13.6%(干基),而实验结果显示小麦水分在干燥135h后达到安全水分13.6%(干基),二者对比相差不大,并且模拟温度与试验温度吻合较好。     

Investigation of heat transfer during melting of a PCM by a U‐shaped heat source

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the melting process of a phase change material (PCM) and the associated convection heat transfer due to a U‐shaped heat source embedded in the PCM. The experiments were conducted at four input heat fluxes that varied from 3450 to 5840 W/m². The results showed that the heat transfer behavior, interface movement, and the heat transfer coefficients differed both axially and vertically inside the chamber. The local convective heat transfer coefficient in the inner region, enclosed by the U‐tube, was found to be about 35% higher than that in the outer region over the input heat flux range, resulting in faster melting in the inner region than in the outer region. As melted domain grew vertically from 15% to 100%, it was observed that the overall h in the inner region increased by 40–55% from the lowest to highest heat flux. The melting rate was also found comparatively high up until 65–70% of the total PCM volume melted because of the higher contribution from the inner region. It was also observed that the Rayleigh number increased by approximately 23% in the inner region and 18% in the whole domain as the heat flux increased from 3450 to 5840 W/m². A new Nusselt–Rayleigh number correlation is proposed for the heat transfer during the melting process due to a U‐shaped heat source. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fully developed natural convection heat and mass transfer in a vertical annular porous medium with asymmetric wall temperatures and concentrations

This work examines the effects of the modified Darcy number, the buoyancy ratio and the inner radius-gap ratio on the fully developed natural convection heat and mass transfer in a vertical annular non-Darcy porous medium with asymmetric wall temperatures and concentrations. The exact solutions for the important characteristics of fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer are derived by using a non-Darcy flow model. The modified Darcy number is related to the flow resistance of the porous matrix. For the free convection heat and mass transfer in an annular duct filled with porous media, increasing the modified Darcy number tends to increase the volume flow rate, total heat rate added to the fluid, and the total species rate added to the fluid. Moreover, an increase in the buoyancy ratio or in the inner radius-gap ratio leads to an increase in the volume flow rate, the total heat rate added to the fluid, and the total species rate added to the fluid.