锅炉改造对结渣的影响

本文阐述了锅炉改造后一些不合理结构对结渣的影响。由于锅炉运行参数与设计值的差异 ,某些电站针对锅炉出现问题进行了改造。由于考虑不全面 ,改造后导致了锅炉结渣 ,影响了锅炉的安全经济运行。本文从锅炉改造方面分析了结渣的因素 ,提出了预防结渣的措施     

某电厂锅炉结渣原因分析与处理

锅炉出现结渣现象,会影响锅炉运行安全,本论文主要介绍了某电厂的锅炉结渣情况,并进行了结渣原因分析,最后提出了减少结渣的措施。     

神木煤结渣过程的试验研究

对神木煤在一维试验炉燃烧过程中的结渣过程进行了试验研究,采用温控测枪模拟锅炉燃烧中水冷壁的结渣过程,并利用CCD（电荷耦合元件）图像传感器进行实时监测,从录像可以看到灰渣在测枪上不断的聚集和脱落,最终达到一个动态的平衡状态。对试验炉的炉膛温度和测枪内外壁温度进行了测量,得到测枪内外壁热通量的变化,分析了结渣对换热面换热效果的影响。     

锅炉结渣机理分析

对锅炉结渣机理进行了探讨，概括了影响锅炉结渣的最重要的3个因素。     

丙烯腈装置废水焚烧余热锅炉结渣原因与解决措施的研究

针对丙烯腈装置原有烟管式废水焚烧余热锅炉严重结渣堵管的技术难题 ,通过试验和理论分析研究了结渣现象和机理 ,找到了结渣的原因 ,提出了解决措施 ,为进行余热锅炉的改造设计提供了依据。     

锅炉结渣原因分析及预防措施

锅炉结渣是个复杂的物理化学过程,至今还没有能定量描述结渣过程的数学模型.锅炉结渣是困扰着电力行业的一个主要问题.主要从燃料燃烧及燃烧动力学方面论述了锅炉结渣的原因,并介绍了目前国内外判断锅炉结渣的几种方法.最后,针对灰渣形成的过程和锅炉结渣的原因从燃料选择、入炉燃料加工、锅炉负荷工况调整及检修维护方面提出了对避免锅炉结渣应采取的措施,以指导锅炉设计及锅炉运行.     

燃煤锅炉炉膛结渣原因及预防措施的探讨

针对燃煤锅炉炉膛结渣的问题,阐述了锅炉运行中炉膛结渣的过程和机理,通过分析炉膛结渣的影响因素及提出减少炉膛结渣的措施,提高了锅炉运行的经济性和可靠性.     

锅炉结构对结渣的影响

阐述了锅炉结构对结渣的影响 ,从锅炉设计参数、燃烧器结构布置等方面分析了影响结渣的因素 ,提出了预防结渣的措施     

锅炉结渣过程数值模拟研究进展

传统、单一的预测结渣经验指数不能充分描述和预测复杂的结渣过程，但结渣过程的数值模拟能克服这一不足，详细地描述结渣的形成及结渣轻重的位置分布．结渣模型包括煤粉空气气固两相流动和燃烧子模型、飞灰形成子模型、飞灰颗粒与壁面的碰撞和黏结子模型以及结渣生长过程子模型．本文对近十几年来各种模型的研究进展进行了综合评述，同时也指出了为提高精确性需要继续进行研究的方向．     

1000MW塔式锅炉燃烧结渣定量评价的数值研究

以某1 000MW塔式锅炉为研究对象,模拟了炉内煤粉燃烧过程,获得了炉内速度场和温度场,梳理汇总了包含碰撞壁面的颗粒质量、壁面结渣概率和结渣增长率等参数的结渣评价模型,基于炉内的燃烧数值模拟结果,给出了炉内煤粉颗粒燃烧后碰撞壁面的质量、壁面结渣概率和结渣增长率,对塔式锅炉进行了较为细致的结渣评价。结果表明:该塔式锅炉结渣概率较大区域主要分布在燃烧器区域及其下游和分离燃尽风(SOFA)的下游区域;壁面的结渣增长率在10-12 m/s的量级范围;相比于额定工况,该塔式锅炉70%负荷工况下可能结渣的区域缩小,结渣增长率也降低。     

火花点火发动机燃烧室沉积物未燃碳氢排放的理论与实验研究

本从实验和理论两个方面来系统地研究火花点火式发动机燃烧室沉积物处未燃碳氢排放浓度随冷却水温，发动机转速，节气门开度和点火提前角等运转参数的变化规律，对发动机缸内沉积物未燃碳氢的生成过程和缸内，排气系统中未燃碳氢的氧化过程进行了模拟，对缸内沉积物未燃碳氢生成过程进行了详细的研究，找出了影响燃烧室沉积物处未燃碳室氢生成量的关键因素。此外还分析了燃烧室中沉积对发动机性能的影响。     

点火式发动机中沉积物的形成及其影响

发动机燃烧室沉积物的形成及排气系统的积碳堵塞,造成发动机的不正常工作。本文着重探讨燃烧室中沉积物的形成机理、影响因素及其对发动机性能和排放的影响     

Influence of Biomass Co-combustion on Heating Surfaces Thermal Efficiency

Pulverized coal-fired(PCF) boilers were first and foremost intended to fire pulverized hard or brown coal. However, biomass co-firing has become a fairly common practice in the Polish power generation system and many existing boilers have been modernized to serve this purpose. This paper presents calculations of the coefficient of thermal efficiency of the boiler heating surfaces and of the time needed for complete reconstruction of deposits on the second-stage steam reheater(RHII) of an OP-380 boiler with the output of 380×10~3 kg/h. The boiler was equipped with a purpose-designed installation of direct feeding of biomass. The main co-fired fuels were wood and sunflower husk pellets. Intense formation of deposits on the steam reheater tubes and problems related to a reduction in the diameters of the tubes were identified during the power unit operation.     

Fireside deposits in coal-fired utility boilers

Coal ash deposits in coal-fired boilers represent a significant problem for many utilities. The use of laboratory coal analyses to predict deposit formation and the deposit analysis have advanced considerably in the last twenty years. Unfortunately, there are still a large number of unanswered questions. This paper will describe the major depositional problems experienced by utilities and several approaches used to understand the mechanism of deposit formation. A classification and sampling system for ash deposits is described and the analytical work used to characterize them is referenced.     

探讨可地浸层间氧化带型砂岩铀矿自然电位异常与矿体形态的关系

理论和实践表明可地浸层间氧化带型砂岩铀矿床上可观察到明显的自然电位异常,该异常来自于发生在层间氧化带中一些非平衡现象之间的相互影响产生的混合电位。本文通过建立等效数学模型,探讨了自然电位异常与矿体形态的关系,并分析了曲线特征。     

汽油机燃烧沉积物的形成及其对发动机排放特性的影响

汽油机燃烧沉积的累积，改变压缩比和传热，影响发动机性能。本介绍了作利用称重量法，在１６５Ｆ汽油机上进行燃烧沉积物积过程研究的实验结果，并探索了影响燃烧沉积物形成的几项因素，同时，在４９２Ｑ型汽油机上，进行了燃烧沉积物对发动机性能影响的影响实验研究。本研究结果可以为汽油机设计，使用及维修人员，汽油，机油等油料炼制工作提供科学依据。     

The application of and prospects for fluidized-bed combustion technology in coal-mining areas in China

China has many deposits of low-grade coal that can only be burned with fluidized-bed combustion (FBC) boilers. Since 1968, 570 FBC boilers have been put into operation in China's coal-mining areas, with a total steam generation rate of 3800ton/hr. Statistical data show that FBC is economically viable when the heating value of the fuel used is higher than 1500kcal/kg. The current status and prospects for development of FBC technology in coal-mining areas in China are presented.     

Particulate formation in power station boiler furnaces

The review covers some of the more fundamental aspects of the production of particulate pollutants by fossil-fired power station boilers. The presence of soot is essential for efficient radiant heat transfer in oil-fired and to a lesser extent in p.f. fired boilers, in addition to its potential as a pollutant, thus its formation and burning has been intensively studied. Consequently, the section on soot is the most comprehensive section.Further less detailed sections deal with the nature of inorganic constituents of coals and oils burnt in C.E.G.B. power stations, cleaning of such fuels, ashes produced from the inorganic matter, and novel burning techniques which have recently been attracting extensive attention, for reducing the formation both of gaseous and particulate pollutants.Some interesting aspects of the potential interactions of particulate pollutants with gaseous ones are outlined. For instance, the reactions of compounds of alkali and alkaline earth metal in the form of fumes with oxides of sulphur, leading to the trapping of oxides of sulphur in deposits within the boiler is discussed. In addition, modification of combustion by recirculating flue gas through the coal mills in order to reduce pollutant formation would help to reduce the hazard of coal dust explosions in the burner feed pipelines.     

Sulphate capture in ash and boiler deposits in relation to SO2 emission

The paper reviews the chemical reactions and physical changes of mineral impurities in pulverized coal-fired flames which result in the formation, deposition and retention of sulphates in boiler deposits and in the ash captured in the electrical precipitators. The review is based mainly on the author's own work and it includes the results of laboratory research and boiler plant investigations. British coals when consumed in pulverized fuel-fired boilers result in a retention of sulphates in the ash and boiler deposits which accounts for between 12 and 18% of the total sulphur in coal. The residual alkalinity of pulverized fuel ash derived from bituminous coals is equivalent to a further 4–6% of SO₂ in the flue gas.