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流化床焚烧技术在有机废液无害化处理领域的应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
有机废液流化床焚烧技术具有废液焚烧彻底、环保性能优良、运行费用低的显著优点,适合于焚烧化工、农药、制药、食品、皮革等行业在生产过程中产生的各类有机废液(特别是高浓度有机废液)。文中阐述了东南大学洁净煤发电及燃烧技术教育部重点实验室开发的有机废液流化床焚烧炉的工作原理以及为提高废液焚烧效率、辅助燃料利用串和防止二次污染(包括二■英)所采用的关键技术。对一台废液处理量为30t/d的工业实用装置进行了简要介绍,包括废液的种类、数量,炉膛温度分布,飞灰和炉渣的含碳量等。该有机废液流化床焚烧技术的成功开发为有机废液的无害化处理提供了一条捷径。 相似文献
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<正>1月13日,中核四川环保工程有限责任公司传来捷报,我国首个低放有机废液热解生产线在多轮冷热试车后,圆满完成312 h投料热试车运行,验证了工艺系统的可靠性和安全性,这意味着中核集团成功掌握了低放有机废液热解焚烧技术。该工程是我国首个采用以热解焚烧技术处理放射性TBP/煤油有机溶液的三废治理工程。该工程投运后,建立了我国低放有机废液处理能力。 相似文献
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为满足环保要求处理高浓度含盐有机废液,采用顶喷雾化废液侧烧辅助燃料的悬浮燃烧技术确保废液中有机物彻底焚毁;采用熔融出盐确保回收的无机盐中TOC含量近零,无机盐可以直接资源化利用;采用膜式壁炉墙内置膜式壁管屏的烟气冷却室以将高温烟气瞬间降至无机盐熔点以下100℃,达到冷却室出口烟气中无机盐完全转化为固态,为后级设备不被无机盐粘接、堵塞以及整个焚烧系统的安全、可靠、连续运行创造必要条件。本文阐述了高浓度含盐有机废液悬浮焚烧机理及该炉型的优点,为行业内提供参考借鉴。 相似文献
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在内径120mm、高2m的流化床中焚烧处理有机化学实验室废液,研究在800~950℃烟气中氧浓度在0~12%范围内NOx、SO2以及HCl的排放特性.结果表明,废液中有机胺类化合物及微量硝酸在焚烧过程中产生NOx,其浓度最大值约130mg/m^3,试验中发现950℃下NOx浓度低于900℃时的值,说明胺类有机物在950℃下还原NOx能力比900℃下强烈.焚烧过程中产生的SO2来源于有机硫化物及微量硫酸的分解,结果表明氧浓度接近零时SO2浓度最高,在此条件下温度越高,SO2浓度越高,但随着氧浓度的增加,SO2浓度迅速下降.HCl主要来源于有机氯化物的分解,在800~950℃下HCl浓度基本相同,说明有机氯基本上转化为HCl. 相似文献
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针对危险废物焚烧处理工艺展开探讨,对常见的危险废物处理技术进行概述,阐述危险废物焚烧机理及其处理工艺,并针对危险废物焚烧烟气净化工艺进行相应的分析,以期为危险废物焚烧的无害化处理提供参考。 相似文献
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系统地介绍了欧洲所采用的医疗废物处理技术——联合焚烧法、高温蒸汽灭菌法、焚烧—高温蒸汽灭菌法、机械—化学消毒法、微波辐射法,指出焚烧法是当前处理危险性废物的首选方法,焚烧—蒸汽灭菌法相结合的新型处理技术是管理和处理危险性医疗废物的最有效方法。鉴于医疗废物的特殊性,和城市废物一起焚烧处理时必须对其进行燃烧前控制,提出了城市废物和医疗废物联合焚烧系统。 相似文献
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This study addresses the emission of heavy metals during the incineration of municipal solid waste. A global method was developed to determine the vaporization rate of the metal from the on-line analysis of exhaust gas. This method differs from direct models, which predict the time course of the metal concentration in the gas from the vaporization rate profile, but which are not practicable because this vaporization rate cannot be measured in real incinerators burning real wastes. The method is based on the determination of the global rate of release of heavy metal from the combustion of model wastes in a fluidized bed. It is an inverse method, which involves only the measured concentration of heavy metal in the exhaust gases and a model developed at the reactor scale. The thermal treatment of model wastes spiked with a metal was performed in a laboratory- scale fluidized bed. In fact, a solid matrix derived from real waste was dosed with Cd, Pb, or Zn and burned to simulate the metal’s release during the incineration of municipal solid waste. An on-line analysis system was linked to the gas outlet of the reactor, and the metal’s vaporization was tracked successfully by continuously measuring by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) the relative concentration of the metal in exhaust gases. On the theoretical front, a bubbling bed model was developed and validated to calculate the metal’s vaporization rate from its concentration-time profile in the outlet gas. The inverse method consists in identifying these vaporization rates at the particle level from only the on-line diagnostic results and using the model, whatever the waste considered. The data obtained may be used in any process, in which wastes are heated rapidly (several hundreds of degrees per second), as in fluidized beds. 相似文献
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危险废物管理及其焚烧处理综述 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从危险废物的管理入手,比较了中美在危险废物管理法律法规上的差距,并对危险废物焚烧系统做了概述,同时介绍了几种常用的危险废物的焚烧炉型和焚烧产生的污染影响的分析。 相似文献
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《Applied Thermal Engineering》2001,21(13-14):1383-1395
A range of methods is used for the treatment of gas or liquid organic compounds. The thermal treatment of wastes can be considered as one of the most frequently used and most efficient processes. This method is based on a high temperature oxidising organic compounds by oxygen from air when inert (i.e. not harmful) gases like CO2 and H2O are generated.A new equipment for the thermal treatment of gas wastes i.e. incineration of volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide contained in polluted air has been developed. This is in fact a process for the thermal treatment of this type of wastes placed into one compact equipment consisting of a combustion chamber (incinerator) combined with heat exchanger (polluted air preheater). This equipment can be used in various branches of industry (for the treatment of polluted air from paint shops, chemical cleaning systems, degreasing processes, printing machines, gas wastes from various chemical processes, for the thermal treatment of off-gases originating in refineries, in production of plastics, pharmaceutical industry, food industry, laboratories, etc.).Principal steps in the research and development are briefly described as follows: idea and basic conception, design geometry, using simulation for setting basic process parameters, developing a computer program for thermal and hydraulic calculation of this equipment, design of a research facility in an industrial scale, experimental research and measurements, a procedure for verification mathematical models including computational fluid dynamics simulation, recommendation for industrial application. 相似文献
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危险废物回转窑焚烧处置工艺具有诸多优点,但是当危险废物焚烧产生的灰渣熔融温度较低时,窑内的高温气氛会将灰渣颗粒熔融成液相,导致回转窑的结渣。灰渣的熔融实验结果证明,灰渣的熔融温度比较低,变形温度仅有1000℃左右。化学组分对灰渣熔融温度的影响研究表明,SiO2、Al2O3、CaO和CaSO4都对灰渣的熔融温度起到了升高的作用。采用计算机控制系统对整个系统进行监测、控制和管理,控制回转窑的温度在略低于灰渣熔融温度的水平运行,或者对危险废物在焚烧前进行合理的预混配伍,都能起到较好的预防回转窑结渣的作用。 相似文献