大功率汽轮机低压排汽缸的数值试验

在排汽缸流场数值模拟的基础上，对排汽缸气动性能的形状影响因素进行了三因素三水平正交试验。根据试验所得的结果对其物理机理进行了论述，并定性地分析了该结果产生的原因，从而提出了排汽缸优化设计的基本方向。     

某1 MW水平轴风力机叶片气动设计及载荷计算

基于片条理论,考虑了叶尖损失、叶根损失、叶柵影响和重载荷下对片条理论参数修正的情况下,完成了某1 MW水平轴风力机叶片的气动设计,并对其气动性能进行了评估;最后根据IEC规范对叶片在不同风况状态下进行载荷计算,所得结果可为同类风力机气动设计和结构设计提供参考。     

能源监管领域违法所得法律内涵和认定方式浅析

能源行业法律法规设置了“没收违法所得”行政处罚方式,但违法所得这一概念还存在很多模糊认识,具体认定方式也需要进一步明确。在不同行政机关对违法所得的法律概念存在较大分歧时,能源监管领域应遵循违法所得固有含义和立法原意,结合能源行业的基本特点,采取利润说观点定义违法所得概念,并以全部收人扣减合理支出方式进行计算。     

一种评价风电场设计水平的新方法

提出了一种独立于当地风资源、基于实际设计水平来评价风电场设计水平的新方法。根据影响发电量的主要设计因素,引入衡量风电机组的选型和布置的3个新指标:风电场发电效率、风电机组容量系数和风电机组布置系数,并推导出这3个系数的表达式。提出的3个新指标具有明确的物理意义,可以定量评价风电场风电机组选型和布置对风电场设计水平的影响。最后对两个实际风电场进行了计算和分析,所得结果的正确性得到风电场实际运行调研和后评价的验证。该方法不仅提出了较全面的对风电场设计水平的评价方法,而且可以进行量化评分,对风电场的设计具有重要的理论意义和经济价值。     

核电厂反应堆功率的提升技术及其发展

对国外核电厂功率提升的经验进行总结、分析,针对我国核电发展规划及用电现状,阐述了我国核电厂进行功率提升的必要性;并以大亚湾核电厂和岭澳核电厂为例,通过与国外核电机组功率水平进行比较,分析总结了MUR、SPU、EPU三种功率提升的方法以及各自相关的工作内容.所得结论为核电厂功率提升的进一步研究提供参考.     

水平轴风力机风轮结构特性综合剪裁

基于静态与动态测试技术,对水平轴风力机风轮的结构特性进行了综合剪裁。在静态结构特性方面,用单点加集中荷载所得数据来综合评定受分布荷载作用的风轮叶片的强度及变形特性。为风轮叶片强度设计提供有效的判据。在动态测试方面,应用ＤＡＳ动态信号分析与故障诊断系统,对水平轴风力机的风轮叶片进行了试验模态分析,通过测量风轮叶片的振动信号,得到了风轮叶片的各阶模态分布,为风力机总机的总体优化设计提供了可靠的依据。     

煤粉再燃中煤焦异相还原NO机理的量化研究

采用armchair结构的焦炭模型,对焦炭异相还原NO的机理进行了分子水平上的模拟研究.在B3LYP/3-21G*计算水平上优化得到各反应路径上的反应物、产物、中间体和过渡态的几何构型.在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上计算优化所得结构的单点能.计算得到两个不同的反应路径,分别对应已提出的两个异相还原反应机理.NO分...     

水平椭圆管内相变材料接触熔化的分析

对水平椭圆管内相变材料接触熔化过程进行了研究。根据椭圆作图法测，将其分段圆弧化后，利用Ｎｕｓｓｅｌｔ液体边界层理论，对紧密接触熔化的液体传热与运动进行了分析。求得管内固体熔化速度、熔化率平均Ｎｕｓｓｅｌｔ数。讨论了影响它们的诸因素，所得结果包含了圆管时的结论。     

直接空冷系统优化及参数敏感性分析

按热力学和热经济学原理,给出了直接空冷系统的优化参数和优化目标函数,并对某600MW直接空冷机组进行优化设计分析,参考运行机组的数据计算出了优化结果。对相关变量进行了敏感性分析,所得曲线表明了选取的设计变量和所得优化结果的合理性,而两个经济性参数的敏感性分析表明电价Pe对优化结果影响较大,因此,电价Pe的定值必须合理。     

球形颗粒在静止液体中自由上升规律研究

使用高速摄影仪和计算机图形处理技术对小木球在静止液体中的自由上升运动规律进行研究,获得小木球在静止液体中上升速度的测量值.实验观察到小木球在上升开始后的很短时间内,竖直方向和水平方向速度都会分别达到一个稳定的最大值,此后小木球会保持这个最大值.通过图像处理和运动分解分析,发现小木球在竖直方向做匀速上升运动,在水平方向做匀速圆周运动.与此同时,还对小木球的运动方程进行求解,并与实验所得结果进行了比较,计算结果和实验结果吻合较好.     

水平圆管内相变材料接触熔化分析

研究相变材料在水平圆管内的接触熔化过程,考虑了圆管表面与接触熔化固液相界面法向角度的不同,给出新的物理模型,应用边界层理论推导得熔化过程所应该满足的基本方程,用数值方法求得了新的边界层厚度、压力分布、熔化率、熔化结束时间、努谢尔特数,以及熔化、液面高度的变化规律,并进行了分析讨论,与相关文献的解析结果进行了比较。     

Analysis of contact melting driven by surface heat flux around a cylinder

The contact melting of phase change material around a moving horizontal cylindrical heat source, which descended under its own weight, is investigated in this article. A melting model under constant surface heat flux is established. The analytical results for thickness and pressure distributions inside melt layer and steady melting velocity are obtained by using contact melting theory. The melting law is discussed, and compared with that of contact melting driven by temperature difference. It is found that quasi-steady melting velocity is determined by heat flux of heat source, and the variation of heat source density has less effect on melting velocity.     

Melting of a phase change material in concentric horizontal annuli of arbitrary cross-section

Results are presented of a finite element computational study of the free convection-dominated melting of a pure phase change material contained in concentric horizontal annuli of the following configurations: (a) square external tube with a circular tube inside — annulus type A and (b) circular external tube with a square tube inside — annulus type B. Effects of the Rayleigh number as well as heating of the inside, outside or both walls at a temperature above the melting point of the material were studied. Flow and temperature patterns within the melt, local heat flux distributions at the heating surface and the cumulative energy charged as a function of time are presented and discussed.     

矩形腔内相变材料接触熔化的分析

对矩形腔内相变材料紧密接触熔化过程进行了理论分析。应用努谢尔特液体边界层理论，求得了便于工程计算用的接触熔化传热过程的理论解。分析结果与实验数据进行了比较，吻合程度良好。     

Theoretical investigation of stable dropwise condensation heat transfer on a horizontal tube

The heat transfer model of stable dropwise condensation for saturated vapor on a horizontal tube is developed based on previous theoretical models. Through a comprehensive analysis of all the contributing thermal resistances, the convection effect inside the droplet itself is taken into consideration in the model. For the stable dropwise condensation process in dynamic conservation, a method of double integration of heat flux through numerous inclined plates with different inclination angles is introduced to obtain the overall heat flux through the horizontal tube surface. The model can predict the variation of heat transfer of stable dropwise condensation with different contact angles outside a horizontal tube. The influences of contact angle, temperature difference, and other typical parameters on both a single droplet and the whole condensation process are discussed. The results indicate that a high contact angle can cause a size reduction of falling droplets from condensing surface and thus taking more heat away. The adsorbed condensate film adds an extra thermal resistance and its thickness plays a significant role on the dropwise condensation heat transfer.     

水平圆柱与平板下相变材料接触熔化的基本方程

讨论相变材料围绕水平圆柱与平板下各种形式的接触熔化过程，系统分析了压力与摩擦作用下熔化的基本特生和规律，推得不同驱动条件下接触熔化所应满足与遵循的基本方程，给出了求解这些方程的一般步骤，最后，指出有关文献中的错误。     

Use of infrared thermography for the study of evaporation in a square capillary tube

In this paper we report experimental results on evaporation of a volatile wetting liquid in a capillary tube of square internal cross section, when conditions are such that liquid films develop along the tube internal corners under the effect of capillary forces, as the bulk meniscus recedes inside the tube. Combining an infrared thermography technique with visualizations by ombroscopy makes it possible to determine the time-space evolution of the temperature minimum on the capillary outer surface together with the bulk meniscus position within the tube. When the tube is held horizontal, the temperature minimum stays at the tube entrance and the evaporation rate reaches a stationary value. In contrast with the horizontal case, the position of the temperature minimum changes when the bulk meniscus has sufficiently receded inside the tube when the tube is vertical and opened at the top. The rate of evaporation then decreases significantly. This is explained by the thinning of the corner films in the vertical tube entrance region, under the conjugated effects of gravity and viscous forces up to the depinning of the films from the tube entrance. When the tube is held horizontal, the capillary effects are dominant and the film thickness remains essentially constant in the tube entrance region. This analysis is supported by a simple model of liquid flow within the corner films.     

围绕椭圆柱温差驱动的有限长接触熔化

提出并研究了相变材料围绕水平椭圆柱，在有限长接触时的温差熔化过程。应用边界层理论求得作用力与熔化速度关系式。讨论了压缩比的影响，并与围绕长椭圆柱以及圆柱有限长接触的温差熔化的结果进行了比较，指出有关文献的错误，给出一些有益的结论。     

海水淡化系统水平管降膜蒸发器传热系数研究

针对海水淡化系统水平管降膜蒸发器,总结和分析管内冷凝侧与管外蒸发侧的换热系数关联式,比较管内径、入口蒸汽流速、蒸汽冷凝温度、出口蒸汽干度对管内蒸汽冷凝侧换热系数的影响;研究传热温差以及喷淋密度对管外蒸发侧换热系数的影响。结合不同的污垢系数,进行了总传热系数的影响因素分析,为海水淡化系统的工程设计提供依据。