不同纵向涡发生器流动传热的数值模拟

利用三维数值模拟的方法对带有3种异形纵向涡发生器的H型翅片椭圆管换热器的空气侧流动传热特性进行研究。基于H型翅片椭圆管束,讨论了在不同雷诺数下,纵向涡发生器的摆放位置、摆放攻角和形状对空气侧流动传热的影响。研究表明:纵向涡发生器能够将高能量的流体引向流速较低的壁面区域,使冷热流体之间的混合加剧,增强流体的湍流动能,进而达到强化传热的效果;与无纵向涡发生器的管束相比,带纵向涡发生器管束的传热效果有明显的提高;当纵向涡发生器后置时,换热器的传热效果最优;在雷诺数相同,攻角为30°时,流体的传热性能和阻力特性均达到最优;相同攻角摆放时,椭圆角矩形发生器的传热性能和阻力因子均优于其他两种形式的发生器。研究结果为烟气余热回收系统换热器传热性能强化提供理论依据。     

涡流发生器对风力机翼型气动特性的影响研究

涡流发生器作为一种有效的流动控制方法之一,已被成功应用于改善风电叶片的气动特性,众多研究表明,涡流发生器的使用可以有效延迟气流分离,提高升阻比。为了深入了解加装涡流发生器的增升减阻特性,本文以NACA63-415翼型为研究对象,通过数值模拟方法研究分析了不同形状、不同弦向安装位置和多个攻角下涡流发生器对风力机叶片气动特性的影响,结果表明:在不同形状、不同安装位置及攻角下涡流发生器均可有效抑制风力机叶片边界层分离、提高升阻比,其中20%翼型弦向处安装的涡流发生器增升减阻效果最好。     

片式散热器冲压型涡发生器工程应用研究

在片式散热器上冲压出涡流发生器,在自然对流下,强化散热器散热。采用数值模拟的方法分析涡发生器长度、宽度、摆放角度、散热片间距及摆放位置对散热片散热量及对流换热系数的影响。由于散热片厚1mm,考虑到实际加工工艺,最后选择涡发生器长13.5mm、宽5mm、高3mm,与空气来流方向夹角为30°,两散热片对应位置涡发生器夹角60°时,两散热片同侧涡发生器向空气入口方向移动50mm时,可使散热片散热量提高15.71%。     

圆管内三角翼涡流发生器CaCO3污垢特性

采用CFD软件模拟研究管内三角翼涡流发生器CaCO_3污垢特性,考察涡流发生器排列间距、攻角、翼长及夹角对污垢热阻的影响。结果表明,在涡流发生器翼片两侧产生2个对称的运动方向相反的涡旋,且装有涡流发生器的强化管的污垢热阻小于光管的污垢热阻,说明涡流发生器对壁面边界层的扰动可有效抑制污垢的沉积。渐近污垢热阻随间距的增加而增大,且增速逐渐变缓;渐近污垢热阻在攻角小于90°时,随攻角的增加而增大,在攻角大于90°时,随攻角的增加而减小;渐近污垢热阻随翼长的增加而减小,且减小的速度逐渐增大;渐进污垢热阻随夹角的增加而减小,且减小趋势逐渐变缓。     

纵向涡强化换热的优化设计及机理分析

对带纵向涡发生器的椭圆管翅片换热器空气侧表面的换热和流动特性进行了三维数值模拟.深入分析了纵向涡对流场和温度场的影响,并通过场协同原理揭示了纵向涡强化换热的根本机理,即减小了速度和温度梯度之间的夹角,改善了速度场和温度场的协同性.在此基础上,对纵向涡发生器的布置位置(上游布置和下游布置)和纵向涡发生器的攻角α(15°,30°,45°,60°)进行了优化设计.结果表明:当纵向涡发生器布置于换热管下游时,具有更好的强化换热能力;在纵向涡发生器采用下游布置的前提下,当纵向涡发生器的攻角α=30°时,具有最佳的强化换热能力.     

蒸汽喷射制冷原理在大型翅片散热上的应用

研究了一种利用喷射制冷原理的翅片散热器散热效率提高装置。创新性地将蒸汽喷射制冷原理应用于翅片散热器,可有效提高翅片散热器散热效率,解决因工况环境等因素导致的设备散热不及时等问题,符合绿色环保节能减排发展理念。     

翼型涡流发生器对析晶污垢抑制特性的模拟研究

为研究翼型涡流发生器的结构对析晶污垢沉积的影响,利用数值模拟的方法研究在改变其间距、攻角和翼型的情况下,污垢沉积的变化情况。通过引入抑垢率的计算,来表征涡流发生器的抑垢特性。根据实验得出的光片单位面积污垢沉积量与模拟光片得出结果对比,说明验证模拟方法的可行性。通过模拟研究发现在两种攻角下,间距与抑垢率之间的变化关系相同。当间距为10至60mm时,抑垢率随间距的增加而减小。当间距为60至80mm时,则是反向变化。在相同攻角下,流动方向投影面积与抑垢率之间呈现同相变化。投影面积的影响效果与间距相关。     

小管径管翅式换热器空气侧的强化传热特征

对5mm小管径三角翼翅片的流动和传热特性进行计算研究,讨论和分析了三角翼纵向涡发生器对流动与传热的影响以及其强化传热机理。计算结果显示流场呈现出三个显著的特征:翅片上下的空气通过冲孔相互流通,三角翼后形成了一个明显的纵向涡,后部有明显的横向流动。在所研究的Re范围内,三角翼翅片的传热能力增大70%～80%,综合性能提高19%～38%。同时,平均场协同角减小,这说明三角翼纵向涡发生器改善了温度场和速度场的协同性,从而提高了翅片的传热性能。     

涡发生器参数对风力机翼型性能影响实验研究

为研究涡流发生器形状及弦向安装位置对风力机翼型DU93-W-210气动性能的影响,在有、无涡流发生器的情况下进行风洞实验。实验研究3种不同形状(三角型、矩形、梯形)涡流发生器增升减阻效果。结果表明3种形状涡流发生器使最大升力系数分别增加48.5%、50.3%、51.1%,失速攻角推迟10°。三角型涡流发生器效果最好。此外研究不同弦向位置(10%C、20%C、30%C,C为弦长)对流动控制的影响,结果表明20%C处VGs效果最好。     

涡流发生器对风力机翼型气动性能影响的实验研究

为研究涡流发生器对风力机翼型DU93-W-210气动性能的影响,在有、无涡流发生器的情况下进行风洞实验。实验研究不同高度(4、6、8 mm)、不同安装角(16°、26°、36°)三角形涡流发生器的增升减阻效果。研究表明3种不同高度、安装角的涡流发生器均能使最大升力系数大幅提高,失速攻角推迟;失速前涡流发生器高度越大阻力越大,失速后3种高度涡流发生器均能大幅降低阻力。安装角越小线性段阻力越小,失速后使升阻比提高越多。     

Heat transfer enhancement by using a rectangular wing vortex generator on the triangular shaped fins of a plate‐fin heat exchanger

The present numerical analysis pertains to the heat transfer enhancement in a plate‐fin heat exchanger employing triangular shaped fins with a rectangular wing vortex generator on its slant surfaces. The study has been carried out for three different angles of attack of the wing, i.e., 15°, 20° and 26°. The aspect ratio of the wing is not varied with its angle of attack. The flow considered herein is laminar, incompressible, and viscous with the Reynolds number not exceeding 200. The pressure and the velocity components are obtained by solving the continuity and the Navier– Stokes equations by the Marker and Cell method. The present analysis reveals that the use of a rectangular wing vortex generator at an attack angle of 26° results in about a 35% increase in the combined spanwise average Nusselt number as compared to the plate‐triangular fin heat exchanger without any vortex generator. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.20285     

Heat transfer augmentation in a plate‐fin heat exchanger using a rectangular winglet

This study presents numerical computation results on laminar convection heat transfer in a plate‐fin heat exchanger, with triangular fins between the plates of a plate‐fin heat exchanger. The rectangular winglet type vortex generator is mounted on these triangular fins. The performance of the vortex generator is evaluated for varying angles of attack of the winglet i.e., 20, 26, and 37° and Reynolds number 100, 150, and 200. The computations are also performed by varying the geometrical size and location of the winglet. The complete Navier–Stokes equation and the energy equation are solved by the (Marker and Cell) MAC algorithm using the staggered grid arrangement. The constant wall temperature thermal boundary conditions are considered. Air is taken as the working fluid. The heat transfer enhancement is seen by introducing the vortex generator. Numerical results show that the average Nusselt number increases with an increase in the angle of attack and Reynolds number. For the same area of the LVG, the increase in length of the LVG brings more heat transfer enhancement than increasing the height. The increase in heat transfer comes with a moderate pressure drop penalty. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.20318     

Optimization of heat exchangers with vortex-generator fin by Taguchi method

A comparative study of effects of attack angle, length of vortex generator, height of vortex generator, fin material, fin thickness, fin pitch and tube pitch on fin performance of vortex-generator fin-and-tube heat exchanger is conducted by numerical method. The parameters of vortex-generator fin-and-tube heat exchangers are optimized by the Taguchi method. Eighteen kinds of models are made by compounding levels on each factor, and the heat transfer and flow characteristics of each model are analyzed. The results show that these six factors (fin pitch, longitudinal tube pitch, transverse tube pitch, length of vortex generator, height of vortex generator, and attack angle of vortex generator) have great influences on the JF-factor. The fin material and fin thickness have trifling effects on the JF-factor. The two optimal conditions (A1B3C3D2E1F2G1H3 and A2B2C2D3E1F2G1H3) are acquired, and the reproducibility of the results is verified by two analytical results.     

An experimental investigation of air cooling thermal module using various enhancements at low Reynolds number region

This study examines the airside performance of heat sinks having fin patterns of plate fin (Type I), interrupted fin geometry (Type II), dense vortex generator (Type III), and loose vortex generator (Type IV). Test results indicate that the heat transfer performance is strongly related to the arrangement of enhancements. The interrupted and dense vortex generator configurations normally contribute more pressure drop penalty than improvements of heat transfer. This is especially pronounced when operated at a lower frontal velocity. Actually the plain fin geometry outperforms most of the enhanced fin patterns such as of Type II and Type III at the fully developed region. This is because a close spacing prevents the formation of vortex, and the presence of interrupted surface may also suffer from the degradation by constriction of conduction path. The results suggest that the vortex generators operated at a higher frontal velocity is more beneficial than that of plain fin geometry. In association with the VG-1 criteria (same pumping power and same heat transfer capacity), the results show that effective reduction of surface area can be achieved when the frontal velocities are at 3–5 m s^?1 and the fin patterns are triangular, triangular attack, or two-groups dimple. The result from the present experiment suggests that the asymmetric combination such as using loose vortex generator (Type IV) can be quite effective. The triangular attack vortex generator is regarded as the optimum enhancement design for it could reduce 12–15% surface area at a frontal velocity around 3–5 m s^?1. The asymmetric design is still applicable even when the fin pitch is reduced to 1 mm.     

Natural Convection in a Square Cavity with Discrete Heating at the Bottom with Different Fin Shapes

Numerical study is carried out to investigate the effect of different fin shapes on heating a square cavity by small heating strip located at the bottom wall. The natural convection of air is considered with constant heat flux from heat source which is located at the center of the bottom wall. The width of the heating strip is assumed to be 20% of the total width of the bottom wall. The remaining (non-heated) part of the bottom wall and the top wall are adiabatic and the side walls are maintained at constant temperature. The investigation considered four shapes of aluminum fins with equal area and equal base width. The easy to fabricate fin shapes are considered as: rectangular, one triangular, two opposite triangular and two isosceles triangular shape. Other parameters considered are the total area of the fin (or the height of the fin) and the Grashof number in the laminar flow range. It is found that the heat transfer can be enhanced by either increasing the Grashof number or the height of the fins. In most of the investigated cases the heat transfer in the case of the two opposite triangular fins shape is found to be higher than that of the other shapes under the same conditions.     

Investigating the effect of various fin geometries on the thermal performance of a heat sink under natural convection

Experimentally investigates heat dissipation by different longitudinal fins fitted to a cylindrical heat sink under natural convection conditions. Five aluminum fin configurations at base temperatures (70°C, 85°C, 100°C, and 115°C) were studied. The first fin was plain (fin1), while second fin had a triangular edge (fin2). The rest fins have the same triangular edge but with six 1cm circular perforations near the edge (fin3). While the perforations in fin4 were in the middle longitudinal fin length. The last fin (fin5) had twelve 0.5 cm circular perforations distributed into two columns. The measurements were validated with theoretical correlation with an acceptable deviation. The results showed that fin2, fin3, fin4, and fin5 dissipate more heat by 2.4%, 8.7%, 11.4%, and 5% than the flat fin with 9.8%, 11.85%, 11.85%, and 10.82% weight reduction, respectively. The heat transfer coefficient enhanced by 7.98%, 16.81%, 12.35%, and 5.44% for fin5, fin4, fin3, and fin2, respectively. Large circular perforation was more effective to dissipate heat especially when located near the heat source as in fin4 which gives the best heat dissipation with more weight reduction. The proposed fins efficiency were greater than 92%.     

球突翅片的传热流动特性及等效热阻数值分析

为了提高翅片管换热器的传热系数和减小压降,提出了一种球突型翅片,通过数值模拟研究其传热与流动性能,同时应用(火积)耗散理论对其传热的不可逆性进行分析。计算结果表明:与平片相比,其传热能提高26.21%～39.53%,而阻力系数仅提高16.62%～27.04%,同时综合性能增加16.54%～32.56%;这说明该翅片具有高传热系数低压降的特点,是一种性能优良的翅片。通过(火积)耗散分析可以看出:球突翅片的等效热阻减小,其传热的不可逆性减弱。     

复合翅片传热与流动特性的数值模拟

结合纵向涡发生器和开缝的优点,提出一种复合强化传热翅片,并对该种翅片的传热与流动特性进行数值计算.由于翅片结构比较复杂,在三角形小翼及X形开缝区域应用阶梯逼近进行网格划分.复合翅片的强化作用在于两方面:一是在三角形小翼和X形开缝后的流场均产生了纵向涡,对流体产生较强的扰动;二是带状开缝的间断表面抑制了边界层的增长,平均...     

Novel structural designs of fin-tube heat exchanger for PEMFC systems based on wavy-louvered fin and vortex generator by a 3D model in OpenFOAM

Heat management is crucial to the stable and high-efficiency operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system. However, fin-tube heat exchangers (FTHE) of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles require further optimizations to be applicable to PEMFC vehicles. In the paper, a three-dimensional steady-state radiator model is developed in OpenFOAM to investigate three novel structural designs based on wavy-louvred (WL) fin and vortex generators (VGs). The established model has been carefully validated against experimental data and correlation reference. To comprehensively evaluate radiator performances, the air side heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop, outlet air temperature, heat flux, and JF factor are adopted. It is found that the FTHE with L-VGs has the highest heat transfer coefficient while the FTHE with WL-VGs has the highest pressure drop. The temperature, velocity, and pressure distribution are further demonstrated to reveal performance enhancement mechanisms. It is seen that the heat exchangers with additional VGs produce two sections of high-temperature wakes near the wall, which not only promotes the heat convection but also contributes to the heat exchange in the nearby area. Meanwhile, a low-speed vortex zone behind VGs appears and generates longitude vortex, making the air stream stay longer at fin surfaces. The air flow in FTHE with WL is not as much separated as the conventional FTHE since the zigzag wavy louver restricts flow separation. The paper gives valuable suggestions for cooling capability improvement and radiator volume diminution.     

Performance prediction of plate-fin radiator for low temperature preheating system of proton exchange membrane fuel cells using CFD simulation

The objective of this paper is to analyze the heat transfer characteristics of plate-fin radiator for the cold air heating system of a PEMFC engine and to find the optimal parameter combination in order to reduce the power consumption. The effect of the coolant mass flow and temperature on the heat exchange performance of the radiator was investigated based on 3D porous medium model. The results, including the amount of heat transferred and temperature change and heat exchanger effectivity with the increasing of the air flow rate at different coolant flow rate were obtained using CFD method. Good agreement is found by comparing the simulation values with the test data and the deviation is less than 7% which indicate simulation model validation and research method feasibility used in this study. The simulation results indicate that bigger coolant flow rate and temperature result in higher outlet air temperature and the amount of heat transferred. The variation of the heat exchanger effectivity is predicted for different working conditions. Based on the Taguchi method, the influence of structural parameters of the corrugated fins on the heat transfer and pressure drop of the radiator is analyzed qualitatively. It is shown that fin length has the greatest impact on the comprehensive heat transfer performance of the radiator. This research provides a guide for optimizing the air preheating system and improving the amount of heat transferred.