共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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注汽锅炉系统用能分析及改进建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了注汽锅炉系统及设备的能理平衡分析及火用分析模型,给出了评价准则及计算公式。根据测试数据对一在用的注汽锅炉系统进行了分析计算,给出了主要计算结果。本文完善了注汽锅炉的热力学分析方法,这为全面分析注汽锅炉的用能特性,提供了依据。 相似文献
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本文介绍蒸发量23t/h的油田注汽锅炉,以及这台锅炉采用的重油——天燃气燃烧器、天燃气点火器和自动控制系统。重点叙述燃烧器、点火器和自动控制系统调试情况以及试验研究结果。并且同进口设备的试验结果作比较,证明国产设备的性能较好。本文可供油田注汽锅炉的设计和运行人员参考。 相似文献
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本文针对稠油热力开发在用23t/h工业注汽锅炉燃烧渣油过程中出现的炉管结渣和积灰严重、导致热效率下降的状况,通过技术调研,根据弱爆炸吹灰原理,经过优化设计,首次在稠油油田注蒸汽锅炉上应用弱爆吹灰技术,确保注汽锅炉的高效运行,有明显的节能效果。 相似文献
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In this paper, the design and operation of a novel coal-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB) drum boiler that can generate superheated steam using saline water were introduced. The natural circulation water dynamics with a drum was adopted instead of the traditional once-through steam generator (OTSG) design, so that superheated steam can be generated for the better performance of the steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technology in heavy oil recovery. The optimized staged evaporation method was proposed to further decrease the salinity of water in the clean water section of the boiler. The evaporating pipes of the salted water section were rearranged in the back pass of the boiler, where the heat load is low, to further improve the heat transfer safety. A CFB combustion technology was used for coal firing to achieve a uniform heat transfer condition with low heat flux. Pollutant control technologies were adopted to reduce pollutant emissions. Based on the field test, the recommended water standard for the coal-fired CFB drum boilers was determined. With the present technology, the treated recovery wastewater can be reused in steam-injection boilers to generate superheated steam. The engineering applications show that the boiler efficiency is higher than 90%, the blowdown rate is limited within 5.5%, and the superheat of steam can reach up to 30 K. Besides, the heavy oil recovery efficiency is significantly improved. Moreover, the pollutant emissions of SO2, NOx and dust are controlled within the ranges of 20–90 mg/(N·m3), 30–90 mg/(N·m3) and 2–10 mg/(N·m3) respectively. 相似文献
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锅炉结垢故障树的建立与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合锅炉结垢案例,对锅炉运行过程中可能导致结垢故障的相关因素进行了全面细致的分析总结。采用故障树分析法建立了锅炉系统结垢故障树,并进行定性分析,为锅炉结垢故障的诊断、预防提供了依据。 相似文献
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Congge He Anzhu Xu Zifei Fan Lun Zhao Bing Bo 《Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects》2019,41(1):65-77
The accurate determination of reservoir heat efficiency of steam injection in heavy oil reservoirs is very important for heating radius calculation and production dynamic prediction. In conventional calculation methods of reservoir heat efficiency, the steam-injection wellbore is assumed as taking steam over the entire height. In fact, a liquid level in steam-injection wellbore is a very significant observation with respect to the steam override. Aiming at the actual situation that the steam-injection wellbore always has a liquid level, combined with the formation temperature distribution, the new mathematical model for reservoir heat efficiency with the consideration of liquid in steam-injection wellbore was established based on the Van Lookeren steam override theory and the energy conservation principle. The established mathematical model was used to calculate and analyze the reservoir heat efficiency of steam injection in heavy oil reservoirs. The results show that because the new mathematical model considers the liquid in the steam-injection wellbore, the predicted results are more reasonable, thus verifying the correctness of the new model. According to the influential factors analysis based on the new model, it is observed that although increasing the steam quality can effectively increase the steam-taking degree of the steam-injection wellbore, it has limited impact on reservoir heat efficiency. Moreover, the larger the steam-injection rate, the higher the steam-taking degree and reservoir heat efficiency. The reservoir heat efficiency decreases with the pay-zone thickness when the steam-injection wellbore has liquid. 相似文献
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为了防止重油催化余热锅炉腐蚀和减少锅炉结垢,作为锅外水处理的补充,常对锅炉水质进行补充性锅内加药处理。经对重催锅炉的运行调研发现,锅炉水处理之前常出现炉管泄漏和汽轮机因结晶结垢而停车的现象。分析表明,溶解氧含量高是锅炉系统水侧腐蚀的主要原因;重催锅炉过热蒸汽中夹带Na+和SiO2是造成汽轮机结晶结垢的主要原因。锅炉水处理工业试验效果表明,重催锅炉系统加药前除氧水的溶解氧含量较高(40~50μg/L),加药后已稳定在15μg/L;加药前后汽包的锅炉水pH值变化不大;加药前蒸汽中的Na+、SiO2含量较高,加药后呈下降趋势(小于20μg/L)。锅炉水处理药剂的应用提高了锅炉水浓缩倍数,减少了排污,节约了大量蒸汽。以余热锅炉进水量200t/h计。扣除使用药剂的成本后,一年可节约污水处理费331万元;因增产过热蒸汽,还可增加经济效益1356万元。 相似文献
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随着钻井技术的不断提高,水平井在超稠油开发中的应用越来越广泛.同时,随着水平井实施规模的不断扩大,普遍存在水平段动用不均的问题.由于水平段长,且采用筛管完井,常规笼统注汽方式的注汽管柱只有一个出汽孔,且下至水平段前部,使水平段注汽管柱内沿程压力分布不均,局部压力高,加上水平段油层非均质性强,近而造成水平段沿程动用不均.为改善开发效果,依据水平井温度监测曲线,合理判断水平段剖面动用状况,应用水平井分隔配注工艺技术,下入耐高温封隔器,将水平段注汽管柱与筛管之间环形空间独立分隔成几段注汽腔室,并对封隔器位置、尺寸和注汽量进行优化设计,采用注汽阀对各段腔室灵活分配注汽量,实现对水平段不同区域分段注汽,提高水平段动用程度,为油田开发持续稳产提供依据. 相似文献
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锅炉余热回收实用性改进 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过分析现有的冷凝锅炉存在的问题,在结构上对其进行改动,采用板式换热器模块化组合,设计出空气预热器、烟气冷凝器与锅炉为一体的余热回收锅炉,使锅炉热效率提高的同时,又具有结构紧凑、不易结垢、耐腐蚀能力强、更加安全、稳定可靠、使用寿命长等优点。 相似文献
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某油田拥有200多台火(管)筒式加热炉,由于腐蚀老化、负荷增大以及热洗周期缩短等原因,加热炉损坏和高能耗问题日益突出,每年耗气近9500×104m3,且现场多次发生加热炉着火事故。据统计,损坏的加热炉中,炉管烧损鼓包占53%,烟炉管、封头、烟箱、烟囱腐蚀减薄或穿孔占32%,由此判断炉管是加热炉的易损部件。加热炉炉管鼓包是因为结垢导致炉管上部局部过热以及环境温度变化过大,炉管和弯头等部位的腐蚀主要是因为溶解氧腐蚀、垢下腐蚀及硫酸露点腐蚀。根据加热炉损坏的原因,提出了通过使用FHC-D型红外线新型节能涂料、物理防垢设备、直燃式燃烧器辐射管、炉管高温和泄漏监测装置等防护措施,有效控制炉管损坏问题,并预防因炉管烧穿而引起的火灾事故;此外,在加热炉运行管理中,建议通过推广低温常温集输、加热炉交替使用、合理调整天然气和空气配比等方式,达到减缓结垢速度、保护炉管的目的。 相似文献