垂直命中机动目标的鱼雷三维拦截导引律设计

本文研究了三维空间中鱼雷垂直命中机动目标的最优导引律设计问题。首先将拦截几何的非线性模型变为模糊 T- S线性模型 ,然后利用 RH控制方法和伴随技术 ,在目标作对抗性机动条件下 ,获得了垂直命中机动目标的三维拦截导引律。仿真结果表明 ,这种导引律能够达到较高的点命中和角命中拦截精度。     

基于扩张状态观测器的反鱼雷鱼雷迎面拦截制导律

基于雷目相对运动方程,把迎面拦截问题描述成具有终端角约束的最优控制问题,针对鱼雷自导头难以测量视线角速率的难题,提出了一种基于扩张状态观测器的目标视线角速率实时在线估计方法,同时估计出目标机动引起的不确定干扰量,并基于线性化的侧向运动方程求解出反鱼雷鱼雷舵角控制指令,从而实现了含有干扰补偿的迎面拦截最优制导律。仿真结果表明,与传统的比例导引律相比,该最优制导律具有很好的迎面拦截效果。     

拦截跳跃式机动目标的制导律设计

针对攻击型临近空间飞行器的跳跃机动突防对常规拦截导弹提出的挑战,本文首先建立了视线坐标系下的三维弹-目相对运动方程,引入目标跳跃幅度变化率估计目标跳跃机动的能力,基于滑模变结构控制理论,设计了随弹-目距离和目标跳跃幅度变化率自适应调节的滑模趋近律,推导了视线坐标系下导弹的三维制导律。其次,采用轨控直接力控制技术,设计了直接力/气动力复合控制的分配方案。仿真结果表明:采用该制导律与控制策略的拦截弹能够精确拦截高速、大机动目标,同时拦截弹弹道平缓,需用过载和能量消耗均较小。     

带初始前置角和末端攻击角约束的偏置比例导引律设计以及剩余飞行时间估计

针对导弹飞行过程中受到外部干扰导致前置角变化较大的问题,设计了满足任意初始前置角和末端攻击角度约束的偏置比例导引律,并对该导引律下系统参数的收敛性给出了证明。基于现有分段迭代求解剩余飞行时间的方法进行拓展,解决了现有分段迭代求解方法在前置角等于π/2 rad时存在奇点的问题,并用该改进方法给出了该导引律的剩余飞行时间估计。对提出的导引律和改进的分段迭代求解方法进行仿真,结果表明：该导引律能够满足任意初始前置角和末端攻击角度约束下导弹的脱靶量和末端角度要求,且在飞行末端加速度指令收敛至0;与以往研究结果相比,该导引律在前置角大于π/2 rad时能够实现对导弹的更有效控制;使用改进的分段迭代求解方法对提出的导引律进行剩余飞行时间估计,估计误差小,误差收敛快。仿真结果验证了该偏置比例导引律和剩余飞行时间估算方法的有效性。     

基于模糊变系数策略的迎击拦截变结构制导律设计

迎击拦截是拦截问题中常见的一种制导方式。为提高拦截器的末制导精度,基于变结构控制设计零化视线角速率的变结构制导律是一种典型方法。对高速目标的迎击拦截出现相对速度过大,目标机动能力引起的导引初段需用过载过大的问题,应用模糊控制设计制导律的导航项及变结构项系数随剩余导引时间变化的策略以延长系统进入滑模面的时间,使系统进入滑模面的同时有效减小末制导初段的控制量。建模及仿真结果显示,该制导律在使视线角速率收敛的同时显著地减小了导引初段的需用过载,验证了该方法的有效性及对传统比例导引律的优越性。     

基于模糊逻辑的前置点导引和无干扰导引的混合导引律

基于模糊逻辑理论,文中提出了一种能自动实现前置点导引和无干扰导引的混合导引律.该导引律通过两组误差信号和多目标规则库,使得水下航行器可在无干扰导引法和前置点导引法之间自由切换,避免了传统方法需要人工切换的缺陷,所设计出的模糊导引律不受本艇、航行器、目标自由运动的影响,而且可以连续地适应各种工作环境.     

拦截高超导弹的末制导控制律研究

导弹轨道控制采用改进的比例导引律，针对高超战术弹道导弹的拦截特点，文中在导引律中使用视线角等观测量的预测信息，并与直接使用测量信息的导引律相比较。导弹姿态控制采用模糊PID方法，以提高控制系统的鲁棒性，并与滑模方法相比较。数值仿真结果表明，无论采用哪种姿控方法，使用预测信息导引律的脱靶量都要大大小于使用测量信息导引律的脱靶量；无论采用哪种导引律，模糊PID方法的脱靶量都要优于滑模方法。     

基于主动螺旋变轨的三维末制导律研究

针对解决我方导弹既能够规避敌方拦截导弹又能够准确命中海面机动目标的问题，提出了一种超声速反舰导弹自寻的主动螺旋变轨的三维导引设计方案。首先建立了三者在三维空间中的运动几何关系模型；然后基于自适应变结构控制的思想采用让视线角速率跟踪给定衰减螺旋指令信号的方法使导弹在打击目标的过程中实现螺旋变轨，以逃避敌方导弹的拦截；同时选择合理的参数使弹目间视线角速率在飞行过程中趋于零，以保证我方导弹能够准确命中海面机动目标。仿真结果表明，该制导律既能够使反舰导弹进行主动螺旋变轨，在4.41S使敌方拦截弹的脱靶量达到最小值209.233 m，又能以脱靶量0.932 m的精度命中其机动舰艇。     

反鱼雷鱼雷自适应滑模导引律

针对在目标机动性加大的情况下常规鱼雷导引方法不能满足反鱼雷鱼雷迎面拦截来袭鱼雷需求的问题,为提高反鱼雷鱼雷拦截概率,提出了利用滑模观测/微分器对来袭鱼雷视线角速率进行估计的方法,基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,根据准平行接近的原理,推导出一种自适应滑模导引律。将该方法运用于反鱼雷鱼雷跟踪拦截,仿真结果表明,该导引律对干扰和参数摄动具有强鲁棒性,与传统比例导引法相比,其对机动目标的导引精度高,脱靶量小,可以满足反鱼雷战技术的需求。     

垂直命中机动目标的鱼雷三维栏截导引律设计

本文研究了三维空间中鱼雷垂直命中机动目标的最优引导律设计问题，首先将拦截几何的非线性模型变为模糊T－S线性模型，然后利用RH控制方法和伴随技术，在目标作对抗性机动条件下，获得了垂直命中机动目标的三维拦截导引律，仿真结果表明，这种民引律能够达到较高的点命中和角命中拦截精度。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Design and Implementation of One Missile Visual Simulation System Based on OpenGL

The implementation of a missile＇s visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL（open graphic library） and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile＇s data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Dynamic Encryption Technology in Ad-hoc Networks

A new dynamic encryption application in ad-hoc networks is proposed. The advantages of this method are its being able to use the previous ciphertext as a seed of a new encryption process, rendering the encryption process effective in all communication process by continuous dynamic key generation together with synchronization, and its capability to cut back on system bandages to a greater extent, which is valuable for the ad-hoc circumstance. In addition, the rationality and effectiveness of this novel encryption method have been verified by the test results.