EFFECT OF PRECIPITATION HARDENING ON SERRATED FLOW CHARACTERISTICS IN AN Al－Li ALLOY

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＰＲＥＣＩＰＩＴＡＴＩＯＮＨＡＲＤＥＮＩＮＧＯＮＳＥＲＲＡＴＥＤＦＬＯＷＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＩＮＡＮＡｌ－ＬｉＡＬＬＯＹＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＰＲＥＣＩＰＩＴＡＴＩＯＮＨＡＲＤＥＮＩＮＧＯＮＳＥＲＲＡＴＥＤＦＬＯＷＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥ...     

STRAIN INDUCED STRUCTURAL TRANSITION OF INTERFACES AND TWINS IN A HOT－DEFORMED DUAL－PHASE TIAL ALLOY

ＳＴＲＡＩＮＩＮＤＵＣＥＤＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＡＬＴＲＡＮＳＩＴＩＯＮＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＦＡＣＥＳＡＮＤＴＷＩＮＳＩＮＡＨＯＴ－ＤＥＦＯＲＭＥＤＤＵＡＬ－ＰＨＡＳＥＴＩＡＬＡＬＬＯＹＣＨＥＮＧｕｏＦｉａｎｇ；ＷＡＮＧＪｉｎｇｕｏ；ＺＨＡＮＧＬｉｃｈｕｎａｎｄ...     

INVESTIGATION ON THIN－WALL EFFECT OF A DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED SUPERALLOY BY USING TUBULAR SPECIMENS

ＩＮＶＥＳＴＩＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＮＴＨＩＮ－ＷＡＬＬＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＤＩＲＥＣＴＩＯＮＡＬＬＹＳＯＬＩＤＩＦＩＥＤＳＵＰＥＲＡＬＬＯＹＢＹＵＳＩＮＧＴＵＢＵＬＡＲＳＰＥＣＩＭＥＮＳＲ．Ｚ．ＣｈｅｎａｎｄＨ．Ｗ．Ｚｈａｎｇ（ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔ...     

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A LONG－PERIOD ORDERED PHASE IN Fe－C MARTENSITE AND COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ITS ELECTRON DIFFRACTION PATTERNS

ＣＲＹＳＴＡＬＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＯＦＡＬＯＮＧ－ＰＥＲＩＯＤＯＲＤＥＲＥＤＰＨＡＳＥＩＮＦｅ－ＣＭＡＲＴＥＮＳＩＴＥＡＮＤＣＯＭＰＵＴＥＲＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＩＴＳＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮＤＩＦＦＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＰＡＴＴＥＲＮＳＲＥＮＸｉａｏｂｉｎｇ；ＷＡ...     

EFFECT OF P，S AND Si ON THE SOLIDIFICATION，SEGREGATION，MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES IN Fe－Ni BASE SUPERALLOYS

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＰ,ＳＡＮＤＳｉＯＮＴＨＥＳＯＬＩＤＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮ,ＳＥＧＲＥＧＡＴＩＯＮ,ＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＣＡＬＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＩＮＦｅ－ＮｉＢＡＳＥＳＵＰＥＲＡＬＬＯＹＳＺ．Ｑ．Ｈｕ;Ｗ．Ｒ．ＳｕｎａｎｄＳ...     

CALCULATION OF THREE－DIMENSIONAL SOLDER JOINT FORMATION IN MICROELECTRONIC SURFACE MOUNT TECHNOLOGY

ＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＲＥＥ－ＤＩＭＥＮＳＩＯＮＡＬＳＯＬＤＥＲＪＯＩＮＴＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＩＮＭＩＣＲＯＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮＩＣＳＵＲＦＡＣＥＭＯＵＮＴＴＥＣＨＮＯＬＯＧＹ￥Ｇ．Ｚ．Ｗａｎｇ,Ｃ．Ｑ．ＷａｎｇａｎｄＹ．ＹＱｉａｎ（Ｎａｔｉｏｎａ...     

PREPARATION AND CRYSTALLINE MICROSTRUCTURE OF RAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED NEW AMORPHOUS Al－Fe－V－Si－Mm ALLOY

ＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＣＲＹＳＴＡＬＬＩＮＥＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＯＦＲＡＰＩＤＬＹＳＯＬＩＤＩＦＩＥＤＮＥＷＡＭＯＲＰＨＯＵＳＡｌ－Ｆｅ－Ｖ－Ｓｉ－ＭｍＡＬＬＯＹＷａｎｇＪｉａｎｑｉａｎｇ；ＧｕＴａｏ；ＺｅｎｇＭｅｉｇｕａｎｇ；Ｃｈｅｎ...     

INFLUENCE OF ADDITIVES ON SLAG－IRON SEPARATION DURING DIRECT REDUCTION OF COAL－BASE HIGH－IRON－CONTENTREDMUD

ＩＮＦＬＵＥＮＣＥＯＦＡＤＤＩＴＩＶＥＳＯＮＳＬＡＧ－ＩＲＯＮＳＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＤＵＲＩＮＧＤＩＲＥＣＴＲＥＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＣＯＡＬ－ＢＡＳＥＨＩＧＨ－ＩＲＯＮ－ＣＯＮＴＥＮＴＲＥＤＭＵＤＱｉｕＧｕａｎｚｈｏｕ；ＬｉｕＹｏｎｇｋａｎｇ；Ｊｉａｎｇ...     

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CALCULATION FORMULA FOR CASTING－ROLLING FORCE OF VISCOUS FLUID AND THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS

ＴＨＥＥＳＴＡＢＬＩＳＨＭＥＮＴＯＦＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＦＯＲＭＵＬＡＦＯＲＣＡＳＴＩＮＧ－ＲＯＬＬＩＮＧＦＯＲＣＥＯＦＶＩＳＣＯＵＳＦＬＵＩＤＡＮＤＴＨＥＩＮＦＬＵＥＮＣＥＯＦＴＥＣＨＮＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＦＡＣＴＯＲＳ￥Ｓｕｎ，Ｂｉｎｙｕ；Ｚｈａｎ...     

RELATIONSHIP OF THE PROPERTIES OF HOT－PRESSING C－BC_4－SiC COMPOSITE WITH THE CONTENT OF ADDITIVE Al

ＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＯＦＴＨＥＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＯＦＨＯＴ－ＰＲＥＳＳＩＮＧＣ－ＢＣ_４－ＳｉＣＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＷＩＴＨＴＨＥＣＯＮＴＥＮＴＯＦＡＤＤＩＴＩＶＥＡｌ￥Ｈｕａｎｇ，Ｑｉｚｈｏｎｇ；Ｔａｎ，Ｐｉｎｇ；Ｙａｎｇ，Ｑｉａｏｑｉｎ＋；Ｈ?..     

几种Ni-Cr-Al墓低偏析高温合金的抗氧化性能研究

在１０００～１１００℃之间,对三种Ｃｒ、Ａｌ含量及微量元素Ｓ、Ｚｒ含量不同的Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ基合金进行了恒温和循环氧化实验。结果表明,高Ｃｒ（１６Ｗｔ％）,低Ａｌ（３．５Ｗｔ％）、Ｓ（０．００５ｗｔ％）含量,且不含Ｚｒ的合金其氧化膜层主要由连续致密的Ｃｒ２Ｏ３外氧化层和树根状Ａｌ２Ｏ３内氧化层构成,氧化膜的粘附性较好。高Ａｌ（５ｗｔ％）,低Ｃｒ（９ｗｔ％）、Ｓ（０３００５ｗｔ％）含量,且不含Ｚｒ的合金其氧化膜主要由Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ＴｉＯ２,Ｃｒ２Ｏ３构成,氧化膜的粘附性较差,但在该合金中加入０．１Ｗｔ％Ｓ和０．１Ｗｔ％Ｚｒ,氧化膜的粘附性变好,而恒温氧化速率增加。文中对实验结果进行了综合分析。     

W、B、Y微合金化高铌TiAl基合金高温抗氧化性研究

使用元素W、B、Y对Ti-45Al-8Nb合金进行了微合金化,研究了微合金化后高铌TiAl基合金在900℃静止空气中的断续氧化行为。结果表明,与Ti-45Al-8Nb合金相比,经过0.2B与0.1Y联合微合金化后合金的氧化增重小,氧化膜与基体的粘附性强,抗氧化性明显改善;经过0.2W与0.1Y微合金化后合金氧化增重明显,氧化膜容易脱落,合金抗氧化性下降;经过0.2B、0.2W、0.1Y联合微合金化后合金抗氧化性没有明显变化。对氧化膜进行的扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)及X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,联合添加B、Y促进了合金中的连续致密的Al2O3条带的形成,W、Y联合微合金化的合金中靠近基体处未形成连续的Al2O3条带,并且混合层中形成了较厚的低铌含量的TiO2层。W、B、Y联合微合金促进了混合层中富Al2O3层的形成。     

Effect of Zr on the Oxidation Properties of Fe3Al Intermetallic Compound

This review is concerned with the effect of the addition of zirconium as a third element on the heat-resisting properties of Fe3Al intermetallic compounds and explains their high-temperature oxidation mechanism. The Fe3Al and Fe3Al-0.05Zr specimens were isothermally oxidized in the temperature range of 1173～1473 K in synthetic air for 100 h. The formation of the alumina layer approximately obeyed the parabolic rate law, with the exception of short initial stage. The parabolic rate constant values for the Zr-doped Fe3Al decreased at all tested temperatures. Fe3Al revealed massive spallation, whereas Fe3Al-Zr produced a fiat, adherent oxide layer. The microstructure investigations of the alumina scales grown thermally on the Fe3Al-Zr alloy by means of SEM-EDS showed that they were 1.5～2 μm thick and consisted of a small inner columnar layer and an equiaxed outer grain layer. Additionally, very fine (50～150 um) oxide particles rich in Zr were found across the alumina scales. The addition of Zr significantly affected the oxidation behavior of Fe3Al by improving the adherence of the α-Al2O3 scale. TEM-SAD investigations of the alumina scales on samples prepared using the FIB (Focused Ion Beam) method confirmed the presence of small tetragonal zirconia grains near the scale/gas and alloy/scale interfaces, most of which were formed along alumina grain boundaries(gbs). Zr gb-segregation was found using HRTEM. The role of preferential formation of zirconium oxide along the alumina scale grain boundaries and the effect of Zr gb-segregation on oxidation and scale growth mechanisms were analyzed by means of two-stage oxidation experiments using 16O2/18O2. The SIMS oxygen isotope profiles for the Fe3Al-Zr alloy oxidized at 1373 K, after two-stage oxidation experiments, revealed that oxygen anion diffusion is predominant compared to that of aluminum cation diffusion.     

Influence of Sulfur,Platinum, and Hafnium on the Oxidation Behavior of CVD NiAl Bond Coatings

The influences of S, Pt, and Hf on the oxidation behavior of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) NiAl bond coatings on high-S and low-S superalloys were investigated. Cyclic and isothermal-oxidation testing at 1150°C revealed that alumina-scale adherence to NiAl coatings was very sensitive to substrate S impurities. Scale spallation, as well as the growth of voids at the oxide–metal interface, increased as S increased. However, Pt-modified coatings were not sensitive to S, and did not form voids at the oxide–metal interface. Transmission-electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that alumina scales formed on (Ni,Pt)Al had Hf ions (from the superalloy) segregated to grain boundaries, whereas Hf was not detected in the alumina scale formed on NiAl coatings. Results suggested that the detrimental influence of S on scale adherence to NiAl is primarily related to void growth, which is eliminated or significantly reduced in Pt-modified coatings. A simple model relating void growth to excess vacancies and sulfur segregation is proposed.     

氯对TiAl基合金高温氧化行为的影响

研究了表面喷沙少量ＭｎＣｌ２及离子注入氯对ＴｉＡｌ基合金９５０℃恒温氧化行的影 响ＴｉＡｌ合金９５０℃氧化后氧化膜为ＴｉＯ２及Ａｌ２Ｏ３的混合物,表面涂少量ＭｎＣｌ２后, 合金氧化速度降低了４个数量级,氧化膜的成分主要为Ａｌ２Ｏ３,离子注入Ｃｌ在氧化初期也显著降低 了氧化速率,延迟了ＴｉＯ２形成时间。     

High-Temperature Oxidation of Fe3Al and Fe3Al–Zr Intermetallics

The oxidation behavior of Fe₃Al and Fe₃Al–Zr intermetallic compounds was tested in synthetic air in the temperature range 900–1200 °C. The addition of Zr showed a significant effect on the high-temperature oxidation behavior. The total weight gain after 100 h oxidation of Fe₃Al at 1200 °C was around three times more than that for Fe₃Al–Zr materials. Zr-containing intermetallics exhibited abnormal kinetics between 900 and 1100 °C, due to the presence and transformation of transient alumina into stable α-Al₂O₃. Zr-doped Fe₃Al oxidation behavior under cyclic tests at 1100 °C was improved by delaying the breakaway oxidation to 80 cycles, in comparison to 5 cycles on the undoped Fe₃Al alloys. The oxidation improvements could be related to the segregation of Zr at alumina grain boundaries and to the presence of Zr oxide second-phase particles at the metal–oxide interface and in the external part of the alumina scale. The change of oxidation mechanisms, observed using oxygen–isotope experiments followed by secondary-ion mass spectrometry, was ascribed to Zr segregation at alumina grain boundaries.     

Isothermal oxidation behavior of Ni3Al-0.1B base alloys containing Ti,Zr, or Hf additions

The isothermal oxidation behavior of Ni₃Al-0.1B and of this alloy containing additions of approximately 2% Ti, Zr, or Hf was studied in purified oxygen at atmospheric pressure over the temperature range 1300 to 1500 K and for periods up to 400 ks. Ni₃Al was also studied similarly for comparison. The oxidation of Ni₃Al and Ni₃Al-0.1B resulted in an extensive formation of geometric voids on the substrate surface leading to poorly adherent scales. The addition of B to Ni₃Al did not change the oxidation behavior much, however, both the activation energy of oxidation and the relative thickness of the Al₂O₃ layer in the scale were increased. The addition of Ti led to the formation of adherent scales at 1300 K, but the oxidation was accelerated after an initial period at 1300 and 1400 K. At higher temperatures the scale was protective, and the parabolic rate constant, k_p, decreased, however, the scale adherence was impaired by the formation of interfacial voids. The addition of Zr resulted in very adherent scales at all temperatures, but at the same time it increased k_p considerably. The addition of Hf also resulted in very adherent scales at all temperatures and decreased k_p except at 1300 K. The improved scale adherence can be accounted for by the keying effect, since the additives resulted in roughened scale/alloy interfaces. A complex of oxide particle and an associated void was found on the exposed surface of the Hf-containing alloy. This supports the vacancy-sink mechanism.     

微量Y和Hf对高铌TiAl基合金高温抗氧化性的影响

使用元素Hf和Y对Ti-45Al-8Nb合金进行了微合金化,研究了微合金化前后高铌TiAl基合金在900℃静止空气中的断续氧化行为。结果表明,与Ti-45Al-8Nb合金相比,0.5Hf(mol%)微合金化后合金的抗氧化性无明显变化,0.1Y(mol%)微合金化后合金抗氧化性增强,0.5Hf与0.1Y联合微合金化后合金氧化膜与基体粘附性明显增强,但合金氧化增重明显。对氧化膜进行的扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)及X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,单独添加Y及Hf、Y联合添加促进了合金中形成以Al2O3为主的连续致密的氧化层,Hf、Y联合微合金化的合金中存在局部内氧化现象降低了该合金的抗氧化性。     

扩散铝涂层的制备及其对γ-TiAl基体的防护

采用电弧离子镀在γ-TiAl基体上镀铝后进行扩散处理，制备出了扩散铝涂层，涂层与基体结合良好，无贯穿性裂纹，EDX和XRD分析表明涂层由厚的TiAl3外层和薄的TiAl2内层构成．900℃空气中的高温氧化实验结果显示：γ-TiAl氧化后生成了疏松多层的Ti和Al氧化物的混合物，其抗高温氧化性能很差；施加扩散铝涂层后，高温下生成了一层连续致密的Al2O3膜，抗氧化性能显著提高，同时讨论了涂层的氧化和退化机制．     

EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURE CHANGE ON OXIDE FORMATION OF SPUTTERED Ni-3Cr-10Al NANOCRYSTALLINE COATING

1.IntroductionThesputterednanocrystallinecoatingswiththesameconlpositionasthesubstrateweresuccessfullyappliedtoK38G[ll,Kl7F[2]lLDZc5[3]Ni-basetlsuperalloys.Themaincharacterizati0nisthatnan0crystallizati0ncouldimpr0vetheselectiveoxidationofAl,therefore,thetransiti0nfr0minternalt0externaloxidati0nofAlisrealizedandanex-ternalAl2O3scaleisfOrn1ed.Niisthemainingredient0fNi-basedsuperal1oysandtheeffectivenessofthesesuperal1oysdependsgreatly0ntllepresellceofAlorCrtoformaprotectivelayerofAl2O:jo…