对羟基苯甲酸酯的合成

以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40／TiO2为多相催化剂，对以乙醇、丙醇、丁醇和对羟基苯甲酸为原料合成对羟基苯甲酸酯的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明：TiSiW12O40／TiO2是合成对羟基苯甲酸酯的良好催化剂，最佳反应条件为：醇酸摩尔比为4：1，催化剂用量为反应物料总量的2％，反应时间为2h。上述条件下，对羟基苯甲酸乙酯的产率为87．5％，对羟基苯甲酸丙酯的产率为89．2％，对羟基苯甲酸丁酯的产率为91．1％。     

超细银包覆BaTiO3粉体的制备

讨论了金属-陶瓷复合材料超细银包覆BaTiO3粉体的制备条件，采用扫描电镜，激光粒度分布仪，比表面积分析仪及X射线荧光光谱仪表征了复合粉末颗粒的形貌和粉体的团聚状态。讨论了银在钛酸钡粉末表面的包覆形式。采用化学镀的方法在BaTiO3表面沉积金属银。在天然高分子表面活性剂的保护下，Ag(NH3)2^ 被水合肼还原得到分散性良好的不同含银量的复合粉体。最佳的反应条件是：银含量0．1％～0．5％，Sodium Alginate／Ag(质量比)20％，粉末中Ag含量小于80％，反应时间120min，水合肼浓度0．8％。实验表明所得颗粒是银包覆在BaTiO3表面的形成一定银层厚度的复合体系。     

微波加速合成含碳酸根纳米羟基磷灰石

为加速合成仿自然骨的含碳酸根纳米羟基磷灰石（CHA），以Ca（NO3）2·4H2O、NH4HCO3和（NH4）2HPO4为原料，采用微波快速（1h）制备出纳米碳酸羟基磷灰石。采用TEM、XRD、IR测定了CHA的形貌和粒径、研究了CHA的取代类型及其热稳定性。研究结果表明：（1）微波加速合成的粉末为AB混合型取代，粒径为15～30nm、长约40nm的短捧状碳酸纳米羟基磷灰石；（2）煅烧温度对产物的相组成和CO3^2-的含量有很大影响，在700℃时，CHA稳定存在，CHA在900℃或900℃以上分解成TCP和HA的双相钙磷陶瓷粉末，并脱出部分CO2。说明微波法是一种快速合成热稳定性好的纳米碳酸羟基磷灰石的好方法。     

蒸馏水中采用脉冲激光烧蚀制备Ag纳米粒子胶体

采用脉冲激光（重复率为10Hz，能量密度为4．2J／cm^2）对蒸馏水中的Ag靶烧蚀不同时间后，制备得到Ag纳米粒子胶体，并对其进行紫外～可见分光光度计分析和透射电镜观察。结果表明：烧蚀时间为5～7．5min时，Ag纳米粒子粒径及分布随烧蚀时间呈减少趋势，烧蚀时间从7．5变化至15min时又随之增加，而烧蚀时间从15变化至25min时又随之减少：获得的纳米粒子浓度增高，且溶液中粒子的团聚率也增大：烧蚀时间为7．5min时，粒子粒径达到最小（D=14、48nm），粒径分布最小（8=25．8nm）。在实验基础上，应用纳米粒子对脉冲激光自吸收产生的“爆炸”与“熔化生长”模型解释了烧蚀时间对纳米粒子胶体的影响规律，证实通过改变烧蚀时间来控制纳米粒子尺寸和形貌、以及防止纳米粒子发生团聚的可行性。     

Ag-Al共掺杂ZnO薄膜的结构及其光学性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺在普通玻璃基片上制备了Ag+、Al3+共掺Zno薄膜,通过XRD、紫外分光光度计和金相显微镜等设备,研究了掺杂Ag和Al对半导体ZnO薄膜组织结构和光学性能的影响.结果表明,掺杂Ag和Al对ZnO薄膜结构和光学性能的影响因浓度不同而有差异.Ag+、Al3+掺杂浓度为1%时,摩尔比为4:1;固定Ag+浓度为1.5%,Al3+浓度为0.5%;Ag+、Al3+浓度为3%,摩尔比为4:1,提拉次数15次时,ZaO薄膜的结构、透光率最好.     

制备工艺对铟锡氧化物（ITO）粉末粒度的影响

以纯In，SnCl4·5H2O和盐酸为原料，采用络盐法制备了纳米晶铟锡氧化物（ITO）粉末。通过对铟和锡的络合盐——（NH4）2InCl5·H2O和（NH4）2SnCl6的制备研究，充分证实了反应初始溶液中络离子的存在；通过调节氯离子与铟离子的总浓度比（TCl/TIn）研究了络离子对ITO粉末粒度的影响，还系统地研究了沉淀剂的浓度、终点pH值、前驱体洗涤次数和煅烧温度对ITO粉末粒度的影响：通过XRD和激光粒度仪对所制粉体进行了表征。结果表明：当TCl／TIn=5，沉淀剂为20％的NH4HCO3溶液，终点pH值为6．0～7．0，前驱体的洗涤次数为6次，煅烧温度为700～800℃时所得ITO粉末粒度最佳。     

陶瓷颗粒增强复合钎料的机械合金制备方法

涉及一种用于精细陶瓷材料连接的复合钎料的制备方法。其特征方法为：①按质量百分比称取钎料基体，其中Ag粉占65％～79％，Cu粉占22％～35％，Ti粉占3％～10％；②称取占钎料基体体积3％～25％的陶瓷颗粒，陶瓷颗粒的直径为1～10μm；③将称量好的Ag粉、Cu粉、陶瓷颗粒和Ti粉的混合粉末混合均匀放入行星球磨机中进行机械球磨，磨球直径为2～10mm，球料比为10：1～15：1，球磨机转数为320～400r／min，真空度为0.1～5Pa，每5～10min球磨机转换一次转动方向，机械球磨时间为2～7h。本发明具有钎料基体与陶瓷颗粒之间结合良好、钎料最终的力学性能及钎焊接头整体性能优良的特点。     

ZnO／Ag纳米复合材料光催化性能研究

通过XRD、TEM测试研究了自制ZnO／Ag纳米复合材料的结构和形貌，通过UV检测确定了以该纳米复合材料为光催化剂，在不同条件下对甲基橙的光催化降解率。结果表明：与空气煅烧相比，真空煅烧所得纳米复合材料的光催化降解效果更好，且光催化降解率随纳米复合材料用量增加而增大：甲基橙溶液的pH在5左右时，光催化降解率最高：H2O2浓度为0．9g／L时，光催化降解率可达100％。     

聚四氟乙烯表面微摩擦学特性的改性

利用离子注入系统PSⅡ和MEVVA80—10型离子注入机,采用射频磁控溅射和等离子束注入沉积两种技术,制备Ag、Al2O3、PTFE和Al2O3／PTFE纳米复合薄膜。采用XRD、AFM／FFM和纳米探针测试方法,研究5种薄膜改性聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）表面微摩擦学特性的效果。结果表明：在相同磨损测试条件下,离子注入技术制备的Al2O3／PTFE纳米复合薄膜的损伤深度比其他样品的浅,样品的耐磨性至少增加4倍;铝离子注入Al2O3／PTFE纳米复合膜的化学成分主要是Al、F、C、O和N：除C2F4峰外,还存在AlF3、Al2O3和AlN峰,且Al2O3为y相,呈体心立方结构：薄膜硬度达到0．15、0．19和0．65OPa;弹性模量为0.9、1,5和2．2OPa。     

低温燃烧/水热法制备纳米羟基磷灰石的研究

以Ca(NO3)2·4H2O,(NH4)2HPO4和柠檬酸为主要原料,浓硝酸为溶剂,NH4NO3为助燃剂,根据羟基磷灰石的化学组成及推进燃烧化学理论计算原料的配比,采用低温燃烧(LCS)/水热法快速制备出纳米羟基磷灰石粉体.利用XRD和扫描电子显微镜对燃烧产物和经水热处理后的粉体相组成及颗粒形貌进行了研究.结果表明,Ca(NO3)2·4H2O,(NH4)2HPO4及柠檬酸的最佳摩尔比为532.2,低温燃烧法制备的前驱体粉末,主晶相为纳米级的HAP,经水热处理1 h后即可得到高纯度的粒度为40 nm～80 nm的HAP粉末.水热处理2 h后HAP的结晶度提高,颗粒形状以柱状为主,颗粒直径50nm～80nm,长度100 nm～130nm.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.