SAF2205双相不锈钢在高温扭转变形条件下的组织演化（英文）

研究了SAF2205双相不锈钢在高温(600,800和1000℃)扭转变形条件下的微观组织演化。微观组织演化的结果表明,不同程度的再结晶现象出现,对应变形试样中的奥氏体的形貌不同。奥氏体的体积分数随着变形温度的增加而减少。800℃扭转条件下的试样断口形貌和室温下试样断口形貌有很大差异,实验结果表明,当扭转在室温条件下进行时,断口形貌呈现韧性断裂特征,等轴状和抛物线状的韧窝分布在断面上。然而,在800℃条件下扭转的试样的断口形貌主要呈现出沿晶断裂特征。     

Mn18Cr18N奥氏体不锈钢的压缩拉伸连续加载变形行为

采用压缩拉伸连续加载变形实验方法,即第一阶段压缩变形量0%~40%,第二阶段拉伸至断裂,研究了Mn18Cr18N奥氏体不锈钢的室温压缩拉伸变形行为.结果表明,随着压缩量的增大,后续拉伸阶段的屈服应力和均匀塑性变形最大拉伸应力、断面收缩率和延伸率均呈先增大后减小的变化规律.临界压缩量25%处,拉伸屈服应力和最大拉伸应力达到最大值,分别约为1039.97和1439.20 MPa;试样的断面收缩率和延伸率也达到最大值,分别为68.99%和73.80%.微观组织和断口形貌的OM和SEM观察结果表明,当压缩量小于临界值时,拉伸试样断口宏观形貌呈典型的杯锥状,微观形貌呈韧窝状的韧性断裂,微观组织为变形拉长的晶粒组织;当压缩量超过临界值时,拉伸试样断口宏观形貌比较平齐,微观形貌为无韧窝状的结晶状特征,微观组织为包含大量孪晶的等轴晶粒.TEM分析表明,压缩量较小时,位错通过滑移形成不同密度的位错组态;反向加载拉断后,仍能观察到位错的堆积.压缩量较大时,形成2个方向交割的孪晶;反向加载拉断后,孪晶呈平行排列,且伴有高密度位错缠结.     

焊接热循环对T92钢组织脆化的影响

采用Gleeble—3800热模拟试验机对T92钢进行不同峰值温度的焊接热循环试验,并对试验试样进行室温冲击韧性试验.借助光学显微镜分析其微观组织,用扫描电镜观察其冲击试样断口形貌特征.结果表明,T92钢焊接加热温度在900℃以上易因奥氏体晶粒粗大导致其组织脆化,断口呈现典型的准解理形貌特征,而在900℃以下的焊接加热仍能保持较好的室温冲击韧性,断口呈现均匀细小的韧窝断口特征;T92钢中高含量的强碳、氮化物形成元素高温状态重新固溶后,在奥氏体中的扩散速度滞后于晶界的迁移速度,进而产生过饱和的室温组织是引起组织脆化的直接原因.     

等通道角挤压温度对粒状珠光体钢组织和性能的影响

采用Bc方式分别在室温、650℃条件下对高碳粒状珠光体钢进行等通道角挤压(ECAP)变形;借助扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、显微硬度计和拉伸试验机研究了不同温度条件下高碳粒状珠光体钢ECAP变形后的微观组织和力学性能.结果表明:冷、温变形4道次后,获得了晶粒尺度分别为400 nmn、450 nm 的等轴铁素体和颗粒粒径为200 nm、300 nm 渗碳体的超微细复相组织;冷变形过程中力学性能随着变形道次的增加而增大,温变形过程中则呈现出先增加后下降的趋势,相同变形道次下冷变形组织的力学性能指标均高于温变形组织;经不同温度ECAP变形后粒状珠光体钢的伸长率均有所下降,但温变形组织的伸长率优于冷变形组织.温变形试样断口形貌与原始粒状珠光体钢相同,均表现为典型的韧性断裂特征,而冷变形试样断口形貌则表现为韧性断裂和少量准解理断裂组成的混合型断裂特征.     

ZrTiNiCuBe块体非晶合金剪切带内温升与断裂温升

在室温环境下(25℃)对某ZrTiNiCuBe块体非晶合金材料进行不同应变率条件下的静态与动态压缩实验。并采用扫描电镜技术(SEM)对试样断口、侧面等进行表征,对比静、动态条件下的应力-应变曲线形貌的差异。结果表明:静态压缩时为剪切断裂,微观形貌上出现脉状花样与剪切带;剪切带诱发裂纹的形成,裂纹随着剪切带扩展。动态压缩时为脆性解理断裂,断面粗糙且发现大量熔滴;断口处出现解理台阶,塑性阶段出现明显的锯齿流变现象。从能量守恒定律出发,利用变形过程中弹性应变能的变化规律推测剪切变形区域内温升的变化规律,温升的变化规律揭示锯齿流变与试样的断裂机制。     

Qst32-3超低碳钢显微组织与扭转性能的关系

以经不同工艺退火的Qst32-3超低碳钢为研究对象,利用金相显微镜、硬度计等研究扭转变形过程中显微组织和性能的演化,利用扫描电镜对扭转断口进行形貌观察。结果表明,扭转变形可促进不充分静态再结晶进行。这主要与温度升高促进溶质原子扩散,降低再结晶激活能以及促进位错运动,缩短再结晶形核时间等因素有关。与退火不充分的试样相比,再结晶充分的样品经扭转变形后,其断口宏观呈平齐状。微观断口形貌显示,前者扭转后心部孔洞较大,撕裂棱明显,后者断口心部孔洞小而浅,韧窝呈剪切状,且无明显的撕裂棱存在。表明,充分退火后材料具有更优的扭转性能。     

一种单晶高温合金的冲击断裂机制研究

模拟了单晶叶片实心和空心结构,制备了单层壁和双层壁的单晶高温合金冲击试样,研究了在600℃、700℃、760℃、800℃、850℃、900℃下的冲击断裂机制。研究结果表明,不同温度单晶高温合金的冲击断裂机制均为类解理断裂,断口上存在解理台阶,滑移带,河流状花样等特征。在试验中温范围内,随着温度增加,冲击断口形貌无明显的变化。裂纹开始沿大解理面扩展,最后断裂区存在大量解理台阶。解理台阶与单晶高温合金中温疲劳断口上的台阶相似,但不同是随着裂纹的扩展,台阶的间距逐渐减小。不同温度冲击断裂试样组织分析表明,γ′相立方状形貌没有变化,靠近断口处存在大量的滑移带。     

超细晶Cu-Cr-Zr合金的高温拉伸性能及断裂机制

研究了2种变形处理方式下的超细晶Cu-Cr-Zr合金从室温到600℃的拉伸性能、断口微观组织特征及其断裂机制.结果表明:经4道次等径弯曲通道挤压(ECAP)+时效+4道次ECAP变形处理的合金(No.1试样)的抗拉强度随拉伸温度的升高而降低,室温时,合金抗拉强度为577.17 MPa,延伸率为14.6%;在300℃开始发生动态再结晶软化,抗拉强度迅速减小,到600℃时抗拉强度仅为59.12 MPa.经过8道次ECAP+时效变形处理的合金(No.2试样),室温抗拉强度为636.71 MPa,延伸率为12.1%;从400℃开始析出相对晶界的钉扎作用开始逐渐减弱,抗拉强度大幅降低,600℃时的抗拉强度为65.20 MPa.No.2试样比No.1试样具有更好的室温性能和热稳定性.2种方式处理下合金延伸率随拉伸温度的升高而升高,在高温下都表现出超塑性.高温拉伸断口微观形貌为大量密集、深入的韧窝,其高温断裂机制为微孔聚集的韧性断裂.     

退火工艺对深冷轧制AISI310S不锈钢组织和性能的影响北大核心CSCD

采用SEM、TEM及微拉伸试验等方法,对深冷轧制变形90%的AISI310S奥氏体不锈钢不同温度（500～1000℃）及时间（2～60 min）退火处理后的微观组织及性能进行了研究。结果表明：当退火温度在700℃以下时,深冷变形组织处于回复阶段;退火温度在700℃以上时,深冷变形组织处于再结晶阶段,随着退火温度升高至1000℃,再结晶程度充分完全的同时伴随着再结晶晶粒的长大,1000℃退火10 min条件下,奥氏体晶粒长大至3μm左右。在退火温度800℃下,随着退火时间从2 min增加到60 min,奥氏体不锈钢晶粒尺寸从300 nm增大至750 nm。退火温度从500℃增至1000℃,奥氏体不锈钢的强度和硬度呈现出先升高后下降的趋势,伸长率则一直呈增加趋势,断口形貌也由韧、脆性混合断裂向韧性断裂发生转变。     

退火工艺对深冷轧制AISI310S不锈钢组织和性能的影响

采用SEM、TEM及微拉伸试验等方法,对深冷轧制变形90%的AISI310S奥氏体不锈钢不同温度(500~1000℃)及时间(2~60 min)退火处理后的微观组织及性能进行了研究。结果表明:当退火温度在700℃以下时,深冷变形组织处于回复阶段;退火温度在700℃以上时,深冷变形组织处于再结晶阶段,随着退火温度升高至1000℃,再结晶程度充分完全的同时伴随着再结晶晶粒的长大,1000℃退火10 min条件下,奥氏体晶粒长大至3μm左右。在退火温度800℃下,随着退火时间从2 min增加到60 min,奥氏体不锈钢晶粒尺寸从300 nm增大至750 nm。退火温度从500℃增至1000℃,奥氏体不锈钢的强度和硬度呈现出先升高后下降的趋势,伸长率则一直呈增加趋势,断口形貌也由韧、脆性混合断裂向韧性断裂发生转变。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.