超声变幅杆的动力学分析（英文）

超声变幅杆是功率超声振动系统的重要组成部分,它的主要功能是把机械振动位移放大并把能量集中在较小的辐射面上,变幅杆的放大系数是超声振动系统中的重要参数。用微元法建立圆锥形超声变幅杆纵向振动的波动方程,用分离变量法和连续振动体的边界条件求解超越波动方程,得到圆锥形超声变幅杆放大系数与变幅杆的大小端直径之比、长度以及外激频率3个变量之间的数学表达式。为研究变幅杆的放大系数与变幅杆的大小端直径之比、长度以及外激频率的关系,依次把3个变量中的2个变量设为常量,对另外一个变量进行抽样,计算变幅杆的放大系数。通过Matlab对超声变幅杆放大系数的样本计算数据进行曲线拟合,定性分析了圆锥形超声变幅杆放大系数随变幅杆大小端直径之比、长度、外激振动频率变化的关系。     

超声振动钻削声学系统的设计研究

通过对超声振动钻削系统的理论分析，给出了不同的纵向振动圆锥形变幅杆设计公式，分析了面积系数与谐振长度、位移节点、极大值点、放大系数和形状因素之间的关系。用实例分析了几种变幅杆的不同点，并指出设计超声振动钻削声学系统时推荐采用复合变幅杆。     

基于ABAQUS多频率超声变幅杆稳态及谐响应分析

超声加工技术已经涉及到了多个领域,超声变幅杆是超声加工处理设备中超声振动系统的重要组成部分之一。为了对多频率超声变幅杆进行对比分析,以圆锥形变幅杆为例,选取25、30、35 kHz振动频率的变幅杆,运用ABAQUS大型非线性有限元仿真软件,对多频率变幅杆进行稳态及谐响应分析研究。对多频率变幅杆进行稳态对比分析,在圆锥形变幅杆添加力载荷,对比分析不同频率变幅杆的位移及应力变化曲线,得出多频率变幅杆在稳态分析及谐响应过程中的变化规律。     

基于Mindlin理论的新型模式转换超声振动系统设计与研究

基于波的纵振动理论和Mindlin厚板弯曲振动理论,设计研究了由三段复合变幅杆、中厚圆盘、大尺寸圆筒组成的新型模式转换超声振动系统.对所设计的振动系统进行数值计算和有限元模态和谐响应分析,同时研究各几何参量对振动系统谐振频率的影响规律,并通过实验进行测试.结果表明:设计结果和有限元分析及测试结果之间的误差较小;系统谐振频率随着圆盘厚度的增加而增大,随着变幅杆大小端半径的增加而增加;随着变幅杆各段长度、圆管段高、内径的增大而减小.研究结果验证了所建立的新型超声振动系统谐振频率方程的正确性,所设计系统的结构合理、振动效果良好,为谐振频率的修正提供了依据,也为超声辅助加工技术特别是硬脆材料曲面的高精度加工提供了一种新型超声振动系统.     

超声振动系统的数值仿真研究

旋转超声加工是加工硬脆性材料的一种很有效方法,而超声振动系统是其核心和关键。借助ANSYS对超声振动系统的超声换能器、变幅杆进行数值仿真,求出谐振频率、放大系数等重要参数,分析了变幅杆不同的过渡圆弧尺寸和外形结构对超声纵向振动性能参数的影响。     

基于ANSYS Workbench的超声振动系统设计与优化

超声振动系统传统的设计方法普遍存在计算量大且精度不高的缺陷。在设计过程中引用有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench对换能器、变幅杆和工具头等进行静力、模态、谐响应的模拟分析,得出了各部分最大、最小的位移和应力值出现的部位以及谐振频率的大小,对不合理的设计尺寸进行优化和修正。最终确定了换能器的尺寸和预紧力大小,变幅杆放大系数为2.36,阻抗为8Ω;工具头放大系数为1.27,端面最大振幅为5.5μm。将设计的超声振动系统应用到超声辅助振动拉伸、压缩试验中,当载荷为10 k N时,振幅为5.4μm,仅衰减1.8%。     

抗性负载的余弦形复合变幅杆设计及动力学特性研究

为了解决简单形状变幅杆有时无法满足实际工程应用需要的问题,运用变幅杆纵向振动等效四端网络的方法,推导出质量抗性负载的余弦形复合变幅杆频率方程和放大系数一般公式;同时讨论负载变化对变幅杆性能的影响.依据理论通式设计了一个变幅杆,应用有限元软件ANSYS对其进行模态分析和谐响应分析,结果表明:其共振频率和放大系数与设计理论值吻合较好,从而验证了设计的合理性,为超声复合变幅杆和工具的设计和应用提供了一定的理论依据.     

正弦圆柱形复合变幅杆的设计及其动力学分析

针对超声变幅杆的研究现状,基于一维纵向振动理论,提出了一种设计变幅杆的新方法。通过推导正弦形变幅杆的频率方程和放大倍数的计算公式,发现在变幅杆面积系数选定的前提下,改变正弦形母线的初相,可以得到形状以及放大倍数不同的变幅杆。在此基础上设计了一种小端带有圆柱杆的正弦形复合变幅杆。理论推导与ANSYS动力学分析表明,选择合适的正弦段母线初相与长度,能够获得放大倍数与形状因数优于阶梯形的复合变幅杆。     

基于超声搅拌摩擦焊的变幅杆设计与仿真研究

超声搅拌摩擦焊接装置有助于解决搅拌摩擦焊技术在厚板焊接上的难题,变幅杆能将换能器输出端只有几个μm的超声振动放大至实际需要的几十至几百μm数量级,并带动搅棒针作超声波振动.为满足不同形状变幅杆的设计,导出了变截面变幅杆的振速分布函数和应力分布函数,设计了超声搅拌摩擦焊变副杆,并利用MATLAB进行了数值仿真计算,仿真结果表明:在变幅杆输出端(X=160 mm)附近,振动速度达到最大值,整个超声系统的前后端振速比约为10倍,满足实际应用的要求.     

超声珩齿系统中新型复合变幅杆的设计与研究

在对超声珩齿系统中新型复合变幅杆进行理论分析的基础上,采用有限元软件ANSYS对变幅杆作了模态分析,并建立了一套超声振动谐振频率测试系统.理论计算、有限元分析和实验测量三者结果相比,符合较好,为超声变幅杆的设计优化提供了新的途径.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).