MORI SEIKI 1500S车铣复合机床后置处理算法的研究

车铣复合机床与传统的五轴联动机床在结构上有区别,所控制的轴数超过5个。因此,在开发后置处理过程当中,与传统的五轴机床有较大区别,需要根据不同的功能来分析不同的运动链。文章主要以1500S车铣复合机床为例,详细介绍该类机床后置处理开发过程。首先建立MORI SEIKI车铣数控机床的运动坐标系,根据运动链分析及坐标变换,推导出MORI SEIKI机床的转角计算公式和坐标变换公式,分析了回转角在各个象限的取值;利用JAVA语言开发出MORI SEIKI 1500S数控机床的专用后置处理软件,并通过某叶片仿真加工验证了该后置处理算法的正确性。该研究不仅为用户解决了软件使用问题,也为车铣复合类多轴机床提供了后置处理开发思路。     

五轴数控机床通用坐标运动变换及求解方法的研究

五轴数控加工后置处理的难点是机床坐标运动变换;文章以双转台机床为例,利用机构运动学原理,推导出了刀位矢量及刀位点运动变换模型;模型方程可以通过混合编程方法求解,旋转角通过最短路径法优化选择;通过仿真分析对该算法进行了验证;实际计算结果表明所提出方法是正确可行的而且适用于其他任何类型的五轴机床。     

刀具摆角对复杂曲面轮廓精度的影响研究

目的通过优化五轴联动加工中刀具摆角参数,基于后置处理技术提高复杂零件表面加工的轮廓精度。方法针对回转轴非线性运动造成的刀具姿态误差过大会导致零件轮廓精度低,提出了一种摆角优化方法。首先,对回转轴线性插补产生的刀具姿态误差进行分析,控制回转角的摆动幅度大小和初始位置;其次,将线性插补后的刀轴矢量投射到理论上始末两点矢量构成的平面上获得新的插补矢量,通过线性插补刀轴矢量来优化刀具空间姿态;最后,以某叶轮试件通过仿真及实际加工实验进行了验证。结果通过摆角优化方法后,叶片轮廓与理论轮廓的轮廓误差由0.08 mm减小到0.04 mm,最大过切量也由0.03 mm减小到0.01 mm。刀具摆角优化后,能大大提高复杂曲面零件的轮廓精度。结论基于后置处理技术对五轴机床回转轴摆角进行优化,在通用算法基础上加载角度优化算法,开发专用的后置处理器处理G代码程序,是一种提高复杂曲面加工轮廓精度的可行措施。实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于动态规划算法的刀具轨迹优化及实验验证

针对数控加工大型复杂毛坯件过程中出现的效率低下问题,指出空行程走刀也是其效率重要影响因素之一,提出一种基于动态规划算法调整走刀轨迹行程优化数控程序,采用仿真软件验证以提升总体效率的方法。以某型号机车转向架构架数控加工为例,创建机床MVR40的仿真模型,在虚拟加工平台上完成利用算法优化后轨迹的验证,通过对优化前后路径走刀时间的对比,缩短了整体加工时间;通过对优化后数控加工程序现场测试,验证了轨迹优化可以提高总体加工效率,为提升大型多加工面工件的加工效率提供了参考与借鉴。     

VMC850F五轴联动机床坐标变换的研究

以某数控机床研究所研发的VMC850F五轴联动机床为例,通过坐标系统间的变换关系,推导出了刀轴矢量及刀位点运动换模型,对该模型方程进行了求解。根据此算法开发了后置处理器,通过在VMC850F机床上加工叶轮样件得到了验证,为五轴后置处理器的开发提供了参考。     

倾斜回转工作台五坐标数控机床后置处理

介绍一种旋转工作台倾斜的特殊五坐标数控机床,分析其结构和运动特点;利用矩阵变换的原理,建立该机床的运动坐标系统,推导出刀位文件的后置处理方法,给出转角和直角坐标的计算公式,并在某单位机床上得到验证。该推导思路和方法可用于其他特殊结构的五坐标机床。     

一种新型的Jerk连续加减速控制方法研究

传统数控加工中加减速控制采用直线加减速方法和指数加减速方法但加速度都存在突变,使机床产生柔性冲击,现国内外一些先进的CNC系统采用S形曲线加减速方法,但S曲线实际上可看作是分段的多项式形式,其加加速度是分段恒定的,存在的不连续点使加加速度在某时刻突变,仍会导致机床整个运动中存在冲击和振动.为此提出一种基于加加速度控制的加减速控制方法,采用限制加加速值,并利用滤波器对加速度进行光滑处理来减少加工中由于加加速突变而产生的机床振动,进而实现高表面质量加工,同时又能达到机床良好的加减速性能.     

五轴数控机床后置处理开发及奇异点规避

机床后处理开发是数控加工技术的关键问题之一,五轴机床运动过程中可能出现的奇异点及其对加工造成的影响在后处理开发过程中极易被忽略。对此,文章基于刚体变换原理,推导了B-C轴式双转台五轴数控机床的运动转换关系,对五轴机床运动可能出现的奇异点现象进行了分析及规避,开发了实验室德玛吉DMU50五轴数控机床专用后置处理文件,经过加工仿真及实验验证,该后置处理对坐标转换计算正确,可以在机床上实际应用,有效的提高了机床的利用效率。     

双摆台五坐标铣削后置处理软件Star-Fpost研究

针对MIRON UCP800双摆台立式五坐标加工中心,研究其五坐标加工的数学模型.推导出刀心和刀轴矢量六坐标转换成AC双摆台式五坐标的算法公式.利用坐标矩阵转换的方法实现直线圆弧插补刀轨源文件到机床代码的后置处理过程.使用面向对象程序,采取逐行读取刀轨文件关键字触发的方式,开发了专用的五坐标铣削后置处理软件Star-Fpost,在VERICUT仿真环境中完成五坐标机床的建模,在UGNX通过三元整体轴径流式叶轮的仿真加工,仿真结果验证了后置处理软件的功能,可以为MIKRON UCP800五坐标机床实际加工提供参考.     

五轴联动加工中工装及旋转误差补偿方法的研究

文章提出了一种工装及旋转误差补偿后置处理方法,根据机床运动求解,建立了工作台/刀具回转摆动型机床VMC1250的数学模型.通过VB语言,开发了该五轴机床的后置处理软件.通过叶片的加工验证了该后置处理器的正确性和实用性,能够满足工程使用的要求.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).