3D打印技术的最新发展及在铸造中的应用

介绍了3D打印技术的现状与发展,重点介绍了3D打印技术在未来铸造生产中的发展和应用。3D打印技术是新的工业革命的标志性技术之一,3D打印砂芯技术用于铸造,可实现无模铸造,有效提高复杂铸件的生产效益和效率,将给铸造业带来一场新的技术革命。     

The most recent worldwide and Chinese technical standards and development trends for cast irons

Technical standards are important documents for the development, application and expansion of any engineering material. In the casting industry, technical standards are the premise for producing high quality castings and they provide tools for inspection and acceptance of castings, and aid both the purchaser and the producer. In this paper, the most recent worldwide and Chinese technical standards for SG iron, ADI, CGI and heat resisting iron castings are described. It can be seen that these Chinese national standards have reached the level of world class standards. This will be beneficial for enhancing the Chinese foundry industry, improving Chinese casting quality and aid the supply of good quality castings to China’s own industry. It is also good for the international buyer to source castings in China, and for the Chinese casting producer to export castings to other parts of the world. Current development trends for cast irons are also discussed.     

铸造生产如何适应汽车工业的发展

通过对汽车工业与铸造产业关联度的剖析，指出对汽车铸造产品的主要要求是安全可靠性、节能、低成本和舒适性。说明铸造行业必须从质量管理、人才培养、新技术发展和应用等方面与汽车工业相适应，指出了汽车铸造业的发展方向是专业集群化批量流水线生产、铸件深加工等。     

V型柴油机气缸体铸造工艺设计

本文阐述了V型柴油机气缸体的铸造工艺设计要点,对大缸芯制芯及组芯工艺开发过程做了重点介绍。通过工艺验证,该工艺满足产品技术要求,毛坯尺寸准确、生产效率高,铸件缺陷少。     

铸造企业技术改造的要点

对当前我国铸造企业技术改造中存在的问题进行了分析，指出铸造企业进行技术改造的目的可以归纳为提高能力、提高劳动生产率、提高产品质量、降低排放改善环境、降低能耗和达到可持续性生产，认为铸造企业进行技术改造的要点是：产品的市场调研、项目的可行性研究、稳妥的资金保障和严格的施工管理。     

发动机缸体消失模铸造

缸体是发动机的主要部件属于复杂薄壁件,消失模铸造生产的缸体具有高的尺寸精度、重量公差,但由于缸体的结构比较复杂,所以应用消失模铸造工艺生产缸体的企业较少。本文结合多年从事消失模铸造的经验,介绍了发动机缸体消失模铸造中存在的问题与解决方案;实践证明通过选用合适的珠粒、熟化时间等工艺参数可生产出性能合格的铸件,为消失模工艺批量生产复杂件提供了新思路。     

Emerging melt quality control solution technologies for aluminium melt

The newly developed "MTS 1500" Melt Treatment System is performing the specifically required melt treatment operations like degassing, cleaning, modification and/or grain refinement by an automated process in one step and at the same location. This linked process is saving time, energy and metal losses allowing-by automated dosage of the melt treatment agents-the production of a consistent melt quality batch after batch. By linking the MTS Metal Treatment System with sensors operating on-line in the melt, i.e., with a hydrogen sensor "Alspek H", a fully automated control of parts of the process chain like degassing is possible. This technology does guarantee a pre-specified and documented melt quality in each melt treatment batch. Furthermore, to ensure that castings are consistent and predictable there is a growing realization that critical measuring the cleanliness of an aluminum melt but these can be both slow and costly. A simple, rapid and meaningful method of measuring and bench marking the cleanliness of an aluminum melt has been developed to offer the foundry a practical method of measuring melt cleanliness.This paper shows the structure and performance of the integrated MTS melt treatment process and documents achieved melt quality standards after degassing, cleaning, modification and grain refinement operations under real foundry conditions. It also provides an insight on a melt cleanliness measuring device "Alspek MQ" to provide foundry men better tools in meeting the increasing quality and tighter specification demand from the industry.     

从海外视角对中国铸造业的观察与分析

介绍了发达国家铸造媒体、机械设备制造商、原辅材料生产商、铸件生产商等各阶层对中国铸造业发展情况的看法和态度;分析了中国铸造业与发达国家相比存在的差距与问题,指出了中国铸造走出高污染、高能耗、低质量、低效率的途径。     

Foundry technology and its applications of ductile iron castings produced by water-cooled copper alloy mold

The high efficiency mechanized foundry technology of castings produced by using water-cooled copper alloy permanent mold has been systematically studied. Through the researching a Cu-Cr-Mg alloy with high conductivity and good combined mechanical properties used for making permanent mold was developed, and the basic design principles of the water-cooled permanent mold along with the control-range of relevant foundry processing parameters were also established.A cast production line equipped with water-cooled copper alloy mold was designed and fabricated for production of ductile iron automobile gear castings. This production line can consistently make automobile gear castings in QT500-15 and QT600-5 (Chinese Standard) grades of ductile iron with up to 95 % casting success rate.     

为铸造厂生产优质铸造生铁已刻不容缓

论述了优质铸铁件,特别是球铁、等温淬火球铁（ADI）和蠕铁件的市场需求及生产这些铸件必需的优质铸造生铁（包括高纯生铁）成分要求;指出优质铸造生铁大都是小高炉生产的,由于国家有关部门下令关闭200 m3以下的高炉,造成优质铸铁件必需的原材料缺乏危机;建议国家有关部门均衡考虑制造业中各行业的发展,有计划地落实铸造生铁,特别是优质铸造生铁和高纯生铁的生产和供应问题.     

铸件出口企业质量策划与控制基本知识

铸件质量包含产品质量、工艺过程质量和铸件设计质量。指出当前国内铸造企业存在的主要问题,说明铸造企业应当如何正确定位。介绍铸造过程的质量策划与控制、铸件质量的检测与控制、铸件防腐处理与包装和铸件成本核算与控制,以及人力资源合理配置的基本知识。     

State of the Art Treatment of Non-Ferrous Castings 3-in-1 Heat Treatment Systems Combine Foundry Processes

The interior of a high-pressure die-casting is of an unsatisfactory quality. Engine blocks made with this die casting process show lower specific engine performance. Pressure die-casting can hardly be heat treated for obvious reasons PSM (Precision Sand Molds) process uses sand and organic binder to generate a mold and even allows the manufacturing of complex diesel engine blocks in aluminum alloys. Combined technologies are available for semi-permanent mold castings with cores and castings made in Precision Sand Molds with organic binders. Castings are placed into the special heat treatment furnace immediately after pouting without the operations in stand alone machinery. This patented Sand Lion^R 3-in-1 technology processes hot castings and carries out three (3) foundry processes simultaneously in one (1) automated machine: 1) De-coring and sand removal; 2) Thermal sand reclamation; 3) Solution heat treatment of castings. The combination of several main casting processes is reflected in significant reductions of energy consumption, of production costs, and improving the quality of the castings. Audits in foundries using the 3-in-1 process showed an average reduction in production costs of more than 30%.     

State of the Art Treatment of Non-Ferrous Castings 3-in-l Heat Treatment Systems Combine Foundry Processes

1.Aluminum Casting Production Now andThenIt is well known that the reduction of the total weightof an automobile leads to a reduction in fuelconsumption(about0.5liters of100kilometers).Thisimproved fuel economy also reduces the CO2emissionsreleased into the atmosphere.As the size of vehicleshas grown,the overall weight has had to be decreased.The automotive industry is therefore using more andlighter metal components in order to reduce fuelconsumption and lower emissions.Production of cylin…     

中国铸造行业现状及发展对策

综述中国铸造行业的生产技术现状，包括造型材料，铸造工艺，合金材料及熔炼和计算机的应用，存在问题，经济规模小，铸件综合品质差，技术装备落后，资源消耗大、污染严重，针对这些问题，提出发展中国铸造行业的建议性对策。     

汽车工业的发展及汽车铸件生产的方向

因汽车产业链中各环节的最小经济批量不同、收益率不同，整车企业的主营业务核心化、模块化成为汽车生产的发展趋势。降低自制率，面向全国、全球采购为主导的生产方式对包括铸件在内的毛坯件、零部件甚至总成企业带来了生产模式上和观念上的冲击。本文对铸造企业应该如何看待和满足主机厂的需求，铸造厂本身应该如何适应这种变化以及铸造企业的盈利模式进行了分析探讨。     

Review of production status of heavy steel castings and key technologies for their manufacture in China

This paper expatiates on domestic status of heavy steel casting production, with a special focus on hydraulic turbine castings for Three Gorges Project. In China, there is magnificent demand for heavy castings with the rapid growth of the national economy in recent years and the expected high growth in the coming 10 to 20 years. Some heavy and large castings such as mill housing and hydraulic turbine runner crown, blade and band for Three Gorges Project have been successfully made. However, the domestic production capability is still far from meeting the gigantic requirements. The domestic capability still lags behind the world class level, and a lot of heavy castings still depend on import. The paper also gives a particular introduction of the key technologies in the manufacturing of heavy steel castings like metal melting, foundry technology, heat treatment technology and numerical simulation technique, etc. In addition, several case studies on the application of numerical simulation in the production of heavy steel castings are presented.     

我国大型铸钢件生产的现状与关键技术

介绍了我国大型铸钢件行业的现状及与国外先进企业的差距,以水电、冶金等重点工程为例分析了未来5～10年中我国大型铸钢件的市场需求情况。详细介绍了大型铸钢件生产中材料冶炼、铸造工艺、热处理工艺及计算机数值模拟技术等关键技术及其在大型铸钢件生产中的应用情况。     

我国铸铁生产技术回顾与展望

我国是铸铁生产大国,铸铁件产量约占世界的40％; 2010年我国铸铁件产量达到2 950万t(其中,灰铸铁1 900万t,球墨铸铁990万t),铸铁件占全部铸件产量的74.5％.本文回顾了60年来我国球墨铸铁、等温淬火球墨铸铁(ADI)、蠕墨铸铁和灰铸铁在生产技术、性能水平、技术标准、应用领域、质量检测和控制等方面的进展;对比分析了与国外先进工业国家在铸铁材质结构、生产规模、成分和性能波动、熔炼造型和质量控制等方面的差距;展望了铸铁生产技术发展趋势,供同行探讨和参考.     

用呋喃树脂砂生产大型铸铁件的工艺分析与质量控制

依据对呋喃树脂砂生产大型铸铁件的特性分析,阐述了用呋喃树脂砂生产大型铸铁件的铸造工艺要点与关键工序的过程质量控制.通过介绍几种典型大型铸铁件用呋喃树脂砂生产的实例,具体说明了用呋喃树脂砂生产大型铸铁件质量的控制原则.     

我国铸造工业之现状与展望

叙述了我国铸造工业历年来各地铸件的产量情况、各类机械产品消耗铸件的数量和进出口概况及对它们的评论等;然后介绍了铸造厂点的数量和地理分布;对铸造业内的品质、优惠政策,铸造装备和环境保护进行了讨论。并着重展望了我国铸造工业不久的将来,在产量、生产组织、生产工艺、领导素质等方面的发展。