热处理对TiNbZrMo合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用水冷铜坩埚真空感应熔炼技术制备了名义成分为Ti-12Nb-12Zr-2Mo(质量分数,%)的合金,对获得的样品在真空热处理炉中进行热处理。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及力学测试等技术对铸态和热处理后得到样品的显微组织和力学性能进行系统研究。结果表明:铸态和退火状态下合金的组织均由α和β相组成,淬火状态下合金组织由α′和β相组成。热处理有利于提高合金的强度,而不改变合金的弹性模量。     

纳米线NbSe2的制备及作润滑油添加剂的摩擦学研究

在聚变裂变混合堆概念设计中,铀钼合金除承担裂变放能的作用外,还需要作为结构材料,因此对其高温力学性能应予以关注.采用真空感应熔炼法制备了铸态U-10％Mo(质量分数)合金并进行了均匀化热处理,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)方法对其相结构和显微组织进行了分析,测试了样品在室温和400,500,600℃下的高温力学性能.实验发现,铸态U-10％Mo合金晶界处存在大量铀的碳化物和氧化物杂质聚集,这可能是其呈脆性沿晶断裂的原因所在.随着试验温度升高,合金的极限强度有所下降.     

铸态U-10%Mo合金的显微组织与高温力学性能

在聚变裂变混合堆概念设计中,铀钼合金除承担裂变放能的作用外,还需要作为结构材料,因此对其高温力学性能应予以关注。采用真空感应熔炼法制备了铸态U-10%Mo(质量分数)合金并进行了均匀化热处理,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)方法对其相结构和显微组织进行了分析,测试了样品在室温和400,500,600℃下的高温力学性能。实验发现,铸态U-10%Mo合金晶界处存在大量铀的碳化物和氧化物杂质聚集,这可能是其呈脆性沿晶断裂的原因所在。随着试验温度升高,合金的极限强度有所下降。     

热处理工艺对激光熔化沉积制造JBK-75合金组织及性能的影响

采用激光熔化沉积技术制备JBK-75合金,选取750℃直接时效和1180℃高温固溶+750℃时效两种不同热处理工艺路线,分析了其沉积态的显微结构,对比两种不同热处理态的组织和力学性能。结果表明,沉积态JBK-75合金组织表现为各向异性,存在柱状晶、胞状组织和Ti元素偏聚。直接时效处理JBK-75合金打印组织未发生溶解,打印组织对强化相(γ′相)的析出行为几乎没有影响,但是Ti元素的偏聚促进了晶界有害相(η相)的生成。高温固溶+时效处理JBK-75合金打印组织消失,获得细小均匀的γ晶粒且在晶界未发现η相。高温固溶+时效处理激光熔化沉积JBK-75合金表现出最佳的强塑性配比,抗拉强度为1055 MPa、屈服强度为679 MPa、断后伸长率为29%,达到锻件JBK-75合金热处理态力学性能水平。     

固溶时效对Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用显微组织分析、硬度测试、拉伸测试、SEM断口分析等手段,研究了热处理工艺对大应变轧制Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金板材显微组织及力学性能的影响。研究表明:轧制态Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金中轧制面组织呈纤维状且存在大量残留相。合金经固溶后显微组织中残留相基本溶解,晶粒得到小幅度长大,在时效处理后强化相均匀析出,使得合金得到强化效果。合金经510℃/80 min固溶和195℃/13 h时效热处理后,测试硬度值为127.1 HV,抗拉强度为410 MPa,伸长率达24.8%,断口分析为韧性断裂,合金表现出良好的力学性能。     

WC_p/B_4C_p/6063Al复合材料的预形变热处理

采用粉末冶金工艺制备了WCp/B4Cp/6063Al复合材料,通过SEM和XRD对复合材料的显微组织进行了表征,研究了预形变热处理工艺对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,当形变量超过某临界值时,复合材料经过预形变热处理可以实现很好的强化效果;本实验中当挤压比达到或超过15∶1,热处理温度为520℃时,复合材料经过预变形热处理获得了最佳的力学性能。断口表面形貌分析表明,预形变热处理后基体合金的强化是复合材料整体力学性能提高的根源。     

强化固溶对Al-7.6Zn-2.1Mg-1.30Cu-0.15Zr-0.30Sc合金组织与性能的影响

采用铸锭冶金法制备了Al-7.6Zn-2.1Mg-1.30Cu-0.15Zr-0.30Sc合金,对合金进行了2种固溶工艺及3种不同的时效制度处理,测试了不同热处理状态下合金的力学性能和电导率,利用扫描电镜和透射电子显微镜研究了合金不同处理态的显微组织.结果表明采用470℃,60 min 485℃,60 min强化固溶处理,提高合金固溶态以及T6态的抗拉强度,降低合金固溶态的电导率.     

Zn含量及热处理工艺对Al-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr合金组织性能的影响

采用铸锭冶金法制备了Al-8.7Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.12Sc-0.15Zr和Al-9.5Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.12Sc-0.15Zr合金,采用扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了两种合金不同处理态的显微组织,测试了不同热处理状态下合金的力学性能和电导率.结果表明,增加Zn含量可以提高Al-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr合金的抗拉强度,降低电导率.     

760℃长期时效对一种Ni-Cr-W-Fe合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用OM,SEM和TEM研究了一种Ni-Cr-W-Fe合金在760℃长期时效过程中的显微组织变化,测试了合金室温和高温力学性能,对拉伸断口进行了分析.结果表明,1100℃固溶后合金平均晶粒尺寸约为80 mm,晶内包含退火孪晶.760℃时效后合金中析出M23C6和g'相.g'相尺寸约为29 nm,体积分数约为19%.760℃长期时效后,g'颗粒平均尺寸与时间t满足Ostwald方程.固溶态合金具有优异的室温塑性,拉伸断口具有韧性断裂形貌.时效态合金室温屈服强度明显增加,塑性下降.随760℃保温时间延长,合金室温和高温屈服强度缓慢降低.与时效态合金相比,1000~3000 h时效后的合金室温塑性降低,高温塑性维持在15%左右,与时效态基本相当.     

稀土元素对镁合金高温力学性能的影响

制备了三种稀土镁合金并对其进行了室温和高温力学性能测试,用X射线、金相显微镜以及扫描电子显微镜对试验合金铸态及挤压态组织进行了分析。结果表明:稀土元素与镁形成的化合物分布在铸态组织晶界并在挤压后沿挤压方向分布,不同的稀土元素对合金高温力学性能有不同的影响。含Nd的合金高温抗拉强度高于含Ce的合金,含 Nd和Y的合金又高于含Nd的合金,其中,含Nd和Y的合金在250℃时抗拉强度为219．6 MPa。高温力学性能的提高主要是由于稀土元素的固溶强化和镁-稀土化合物晶界强化共同作用的结果。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of X80 Pipeline Steel Joints by Friction Stir Welding Under Various Cooling Conditions

X80 pipeline steel plates were friction stir welded(FSW) under air, water, liquid CO_2 + water, and liquid CO_2 cooling conditions, producing defect-free welds. The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of these FSW joints were studied. Coarse granular bainite was observed in the nugget zone(NZ) under air cooling, and lath bainite and lath martensite increased signifi cantly as the cooling medium temperature reduced. In particular, under the liquid CO_2 cooling condition, a dual phase structure of lath martensite and fi ne ferrite appeared in the NZ. Compared to the case under air cooling, a strong shear texture was identifi ed in the NZs under other rapid cooling conditions, because the partial deformation at elevated temperature was retained through higher cooling rates. Under liquid CO_2 cooling, the highest transverse tensile strength and elongation of the joint reached 92% and 82% of those of the basal metal(BM), respectively, due to the weak tempering softening. A maximum impact energy of up to 93% of that of the BM was obtained in the NZ under liquid CO_2 cooling, which was attributed to the operation of the dual phase of lath martensite and fi ne ferrite.     

INDUSTRY NEWS

China Securities News reported on March 21, 2014： Guangdong Hongtu Wuhan Die Casting Co., Ltd. （Wuhan Hongtu）, a wholly owned subsidiary of Guangdong Hongtu Technology （Holdings） Co., Ltd., held a groundbreaking ceremony recently. With the registered capital of 50 million Yuan, Wuhan Hongtu has a total land area of 100,000 square meters and a plant construction area of 72,000 square meters. It is expected to have a production capacity of about 30,000 tonnes of aluminum castings annually after it is put into production.     

Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Extruded Mg–Zn–Ag Alloys with Single-Phase Structure

Mg–Zn–Ag alloys have been extensively studied in recent years for potential biodegradable implants due to their unique mechanical properties,biodegradability and biocompatibility.In the present study,Mg–3Zn-x Ag(wt%,x=0.2,0.5 and0.8)alloys with single-phase crystal structure were prepared by backward extrusion at 340°C.The addition of Ag element into Mg–3Zn slightly influences the ultimate tensile strength and microstructure,but the elongation firstly increases from12%to 19.8%and then decreases from 19.8%to 9.9%with the increment of Ag concentration.The tensile yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation of Mg–3Zn–0.2Ag alloy reach up to 142,234 MPa and 19.8%,respectively,which are the best mechanical performance of Mg–Zn–Ag alloys in the present work.The extruded Mg–3Zn–0.2Ag alloy also possesses the best corrosion behavior with the corresponding corrosion rate of 3.2 mm/year in immersion test,which could be explained by the single-phase and uniformly distributed grain structure,and the fewer twinning.     

Study on Properties of Pulse Electrodeposited RE-Ni-W-P-SiC Composite Coatings

The effects of pulse frequency f and duty cycle r on the deposition rate, composition, morphology, and hardness of pulse electrodeposited RE （rare earth）-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings have been studied. The results indicate that pulse current can improve the deposition rate of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings; W, P, and SiC contents in the coating decrease with the increase of pulse frequency and reach the lowest value at f = 33Hz, whereas the RE content in the composite coatings increases with the increase of pulse frequency. SiC content decreases with the increase of duty cycle, W content reaches the lowest value, and P content reaches the highest value at r = 0.4; pulse current and RE can lead to smaller size of the crystalline grains; however, the effects of different pulse frequency and duty cycle on the morphologies of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings are not obvious. The hardness of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings is the highest when the duty cycle is at 0.6 and 0.8 and pulse frequency is at 50Hz. At the same pulse frequency, the hardness of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings at r= 0.8 is higher than that at r= 0.6.