连铸AZ31镁合金的热挤压变形组织与性能(英文)

文章研究了电磁连铸AZ31镁合金经热挤压变形后的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明,挤压过程中的动态再结晶能够显著细化晶粒,局部细晶区的平均晶粒为2μm。与铸态合金相比,挤压后的AZ31镁合金具有更细小的晶粒和更均匀的微观组织。挤压变形后产生强烈的基面织构;挤压后材料的力学性能显著提高。屈服强度、抗拉强度和断面收缩率随着挤压比的增大而增大。挤压比为25时,屈服强度、抗拉强度和断面收缩率分别为259MPa,357MPa和30.5%,比铸态合金分别提高了86.33%,64.52%和67.40%。随着挤压比的增大,晶粒细化效果更为明显,微观组织更均匀。断口形貌分析表明,挤压变形后材料由韧脆混合型断裂,转变为韧性断裂。     

AZ31镁合金板材双向循环弯曲的孪晶组织及织构

采用等温双向循环弯曲工艺(bidirectional cyclic bending technology,BCBT)改善了AZ31镁合金板材的微观组织、织构和力学性能。循环弯曲变形能够产生压缩变形与拉伸变形的交替变化,使镁合金材料发生压缩变形→孪晶组织形成→发生动态再结晶→孪晶消失→晶粒细化的组织演变过程,形成分布均匀的细小的晶粒组织,改善了镁合金材料性能。AZ31镁合金板材在变形温度为483 K时经过3个道次的等温双向循环弯曲变形后,基面织构得到明显弱化,织构强度由原始9.59降低到变形后3.54,平均晶粒尺寸为12.2μm。在变形温度443 K,经过1个道次变形后,AZ31镁合金板材的抗拉强度为325 MPa,屈服强度为225 MPa。与原始坯料力能参数相比,抗拉强度提高了19%,屈服强度提高了28%。当变形温度483 K循环变形3道次时,材料的伸长率为17.1%,比原始材料提高了42%。     

工艺参数对AZ91镁合金挤压组织及性能的影响

通过对均匀化退火后的AZ91镁合金热挤压成形的试验研究,分析了AZ91镁合金热挤压成形时组织及力学性能的变化规律.结果表明:挤压态AZ91镁合金为明显的动态再结晶细化组织,且产生了(0001)面织构,细小的再结晶晶粒以及织构的存在都有利于材料的强度和塑性的改善,其抗拉强度随挤压温度、挤压比和挤压速度的升高而升高.挤压制品具有较好的综合力学性能,抗拉强度σ(h)均在310MPa～340MPa之间,延伸率δ在10％ - 12％之间.     

挤压比对热挤压AZ80镁合金管材组织和性能的影响

选用不同的挤压比对变形镁合金AZ80进行管材热挤压工艺试验研究,对挤压前后材料组织与力学性能的变化进行分析。结果表明,热挤压可以显著细化AZ80镁合金的晶粒,而且随着挤压比的增加,晶粒变得更加细小;增大挤压比也可以提高AZ80镁合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度。结果表明,挤压比为18.2,坯料温度为390℃,模具预热温度为360℃,凹模的半模角为60°～70°,可得到均匀的合金组织和良好的力学性能。     

连续变断面循环挤压对AZ31镁合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用连续变断面循环挤压技术及新型复合模具对AZ31镁合金进行挤压变形,分析织构演变和循环次数对AZ31镁合金的组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:AZ31镁合金经过3次循环的变形,上下端平均晶粒尺寸由母材的29.4μm细化到6.1μm,显微硬度提高了18.4 HV,水平方向和轴向的抗拉强度均得到显著提高,轴向的伸长率得提高15.1%,并且宏观织构显示晶粒取向发生了定向转变。     

AZ31镁合金挤压板材的显微组织与力学性能研究

为了获得高性能镁合金板材,采用正向热挤压将铸态AZ31镁合金坯料挤压成2 mm厚的板材,研究了其显微组织演变及力学性能等。结果表明:铸态AZ31镁合金坯料挤压成板材后可以获得均匀细小的再结晶晶粒组织,其力学性能(屈服强度、抗拉强度、伸长率)大幅度提升。铸态AZ31镁合金坯料在400、450℃挤压成板材后,平均晶粒尺寸可由390μm分别细化至3.9、5.6μm。挤压后的AZ31镁合金板材展现出典型的(0001)基面织构,大部分晶粒的c轴垂直于板材表面。铸态AZ31镁合金的力学性能较差,而AZ31镁合金挤压板材在三个拉伸方向上均展现出优越的力学性能。随挤压温度的升高,AZ31镁合金挤压板材晶粒长大且显微组织不均匀,综合力学性能也有所下降。     

挤压工艺对车身用AZ80镁合金组织和性能的影响

采用不同的挤压温度和挤压速度进行了车身用AZ80镁合金的挤压试验,进行了显微组织、织构和力学性能的测试与分析。结果表明:在试验条件下,AZ80镁合金的平均晶粒尺寸、织构最大值先增大后减小,力学性能先减小后增大。与320℃挤压相比,360℃挤压时镁合金平均晶粒尺寸减小39%,织构最大值减小41%,抗拉强度和屈服强度分别增大16%、21%。与1 m/min速度挤压相比,3.5 m/min速度挤压时镁合金平均晶粒尺寸减小37%,织构最大值减小23%,抗拉强度和屈服强度分别增大13%、18%。挤压温度优选为360℃、挤压速度优选为3.5 m/min。     

AZ31镁合金轧制变形后组织性能研究

本文研究了不同轧制变形量和轧制速度对AZ31镁合金板材微观组织和力学性能的影响。轧制变形可显著细化AZ31镁合金板材的晶粒尺寸并提高其综合力学性能。当轧制速度为5m/min,轧制变形量为50%时,板材平均晶粒尺寸最细可达到9μm,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别提高到280MPa、180MPa和30%以上,同时探讨了AZ31镁合金屈服强度与晶粒大小之间的关系。在大量AZ31镁合金轧制相关文献和本文一系列实验研究的基础上,对比分析了不同轧制工艺对AZ31镁合金综合力学性能的影响。研究表明,本文所采用轧制工艺可显著提高AZ31镁合金板材的综合力学性能,同时降低板材轧向和横向的各向异性。     

挤压温度对Mg-2.0Zn-0.3Zr-0.9Y新型镁合金组织和性能的影响

研究了不同挤压温度对Mg-2.0Zn-0.3Zr-0.9Y新型镁合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,降低挤压温度,Mg-2.0Zn-0.3Zr-0.9Y合金的平均晶粒尺寸得到显著细化,合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度得到大幅提高,而延伸率变化不大。随着挤压温度的降低,{10ī2}织构强度不断增强,{0002}基面环形织构强度减弱。Mg-2.0Zn-0.3Zr-0.9Y合金的力学性能不但受到组织平均晶粒大小的影响,还受到织构分布的影响。挤压温度为330℃时可获得细小的组织和优良的力学性能,平均晶粒尺寸达到1.76μm,合金抗拉强度达到323MPa,屈服强度为309MPa,延伸率为21.92%。     

AZ31镁合金轧制变形后组织与性能研究

研究了不同轧制变形量和轧制速度对AZ31镁合金板材微观组织和力学性能的影响。轧制变形可显著细化AZ31镁合金板材的晶粒尺寸并提高其综合力学性能。当轧制速度为5 m/min,轧制变形量为50%时,板材平均晶粒尺寸最细可达到9μm,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别提高到280、180 MPa和30%以上,同时探讨了AZ31镁合金屈服强度与晶粒大小之间的关系。在大量AZ31镁合金轧制文献数据和本实验一系列数据的基础上,对比分析了不同轧制工艺对AZ31镁合金综合力学性能的影响。研究表明,本实验所采用轧制工艺可显著提高AZ31镁合金板材的综合力学性能,同时降低板材轧向(RD)和横向(TD)的各向异性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).