6Cr21Mn10MoVNbN钢热变形显微组织研究

采用Gleeble 2000热模拟试验机研究了不同变形条件对6Cr21 Mn10MoVNbN气阀钢热变形后显微组织的影响.结果表明,6Cr21Mn10MoVNbN钢试样热变形时随变形温度升高动态再结晶晶粒尺寸增大,M7C3相数量先减少后增加;随着变形速率升高或变形后冷却速度加快,再结晶晶粒尺寸和M7C3相数量减小.动态再结晶未完成时,再结晶晶粒随变形量的增加而细化,而M7C3相难以析出;动态再结晶完成后,随变形量的加大,再结晶晶粒粗化和M7C3相数量逐步增多.M7C3相析出是在热变形结束后的冷却过程中进行的,主要在晶界上形核,析出机制为γ0→γ1 M7C3的胞状脱溶.     

Nb对00Cr21Ni6Mn9N不锈钢显微组织和晶间腐蚀敏感性的影响

为了研究Nb对00Cr21Ni6Mn9N不锈钢固溶后显微组织和耐晶间腐蚀性能的影响,分别在950、1000、1050、1100、1150和1200 ℃对含Nb量(质量分数,下同)为0.057%和不含Nb的00Cr21Ni6Mn9N不锈钢进行1 h固溶处理,并观察其微观组织。结果表明,固溶温度在950~1200 ℃时,00Cr21Ni6Mn9N不锈钢的晶粒尺寸随着固溶温度的升高而增大,Nb的加入促进00Cr21Ni6Mn9N不锈钢中混晶组织的出现,提高其完全再结晶温度。不含Nb的试验钢在1000 ℃以上固溶后即可获得晶粒大小均匀的组织,而含0.057%Nb的试验钢则需要在1100 ℃以上才可以获得均匀组织,且其尺寸略大于无Nb钢在1000 ℃时完全再结晶的晶粒。随着固溶温度的升高和晶粒尺寸的长大,析出的Z相含量降低,晶粒界面能减小,在1150 ℃和1200 ℃固溶1 h后,Nb对晶粒的细化作用和温度升高造成的晶粒长大程度变得不再明显。两种成分的钢均具有较低的晶间腐蚀敏感性,含Nb量为0.057%的00Cr21Ni6Mn9N不锈钢其再活化率R_a值较不含Nb的钢进一步降低。     

00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的精轧工艺

为了研究00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的精轧工艺,使用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机模拟00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢在变形温度为800、850、900、950 ℃,变形量为40%、50%、60%,应变速率为50 s^-1条件下的热压缩变形行为,并对其进行1080、1120、1160 ℃的固溶热处理,观察固溶热处理前后的组织形貌。结果表明:在800~950 ℃热压缩温度下,随变形量增大,再结晶越完全,再结晶平均晶粒尺寸越细小;经固溶处理1 h后,静态再结晶就越充分。在40%~60%变形量下,随热压缩温度升高,再结晶越完全,再结晶平均晶粒尺寸越大。热压缩变形试验钢随固溶处理温度升高,再结晶平均晶粒尺寸越大。00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的精轧最佳轧制温度为800 ℃,压缩变形量为60%,固溶温度为1080 ℃。     

时效处理温度对0Cr12Mn5Ni4Mo3Al钢力学性能的影响

对0Cr12Mn5Ni4Mo3Al钢进行固溶热处理,选定430 ℃、480 ℃、520 ℃、560 ℃、590 ℃共5个温度进行时效处理试验,探讨了时效处理温度对0Cr12Mn5Ni4Mo3Al钢的硬度和拉伸性能的影响规律,确定了制备某设备上的高压无扩口导管钢材的最佳固溶处理温度范围为1 000～1 050 ℃,最佳时效温度范围为480～520 ℃.     

Y12Cr18Ni9Cu奥氏体易切削钢的高温塑性变形行为

为了研究Y12Cr18Ni9Cu奥氏体易切削钢的高温力学性能,利用Gleeble-3500热模拟机对Y12Cr18Ni9Cu钢进行了不同温度的高温拉伸试验,并对断口形貌、抗拉强度以及断面收缩率进行了分析。结果表明,随着温度升高试验钢的高温抗拉强度逐渐降低,断面收缩率逐渐增加。试验钢的低温脆性区为800～900℃,未出现高温脆性区。低温脆性区的出现是由于材料在热变形过程中没有发生动态再结晶,并且由于硫化物与基体所能承受的变形能力不同,裂纹在硫化物与基体界面产生,最终导致脆性断裂。在1150～1250℃温度范围内,试验钢发生了动态再结晶并表现出良好的高温热塑性,Y12Cr18Ni9Cu奥氏体易切削钢的热加工温度应选择在1150～1250℃之间。     

6Cr21Mn10MoVNbN钢高温氧化行为

研究了6Cr21Mn10MoVNbN钢700-900℃范围内的抗氧化性能.实验结果表明,在800℃以下该钢属于完全抗氧化级,900℃时属于抗氧化级.进入氧化稳定期后,随着温度的升高,6Cr21Mn10MoVNbN钢氧化动力学曲线从抛物线规律逐渐向线性规律偏离.XRD、SEM和能谱分析表明,随氧化温度升高,氧化层不断加厚,氧化皮组成从锰的氧化物为主向铁的氧化物占较大比例转变,致密度和抗剥落性能下降,氧化皮中铁的氧化物大量出现和氧化皮疏松是耐热钢抗氧化性能降低的主要原因.     

12Cr-F/M钢的固溶工艺及热变形行为

研究了12Cr-F/M钢在不同固溶处理工艺(加热温度1100～1200℃、保温时间1～2 h)下的微观组织演变规律，并采用热模拟压缩试验研究了其在变形温度为800～1000℃、应变速率为0.01～10 s^-1工艺条件下的热变形行为。结果表明：随固溶温度升高，12Cr-F/M钢中铁素体晶粒尺寸先减小后增大，随保温时间延长，铁素体晶粒均长大粗化；经固溶处理后基体中部分低熔点的Laves析出相发生分解，并固溶在合金基体中，总数量逐渐减少。1150℃×1 h固溶处理后，12Cr-F/M钢基体中铁素体晶粒尺寸较小的同时，Laves析出相数量较少。12Cr-F/M钢高温变形流变应力随温度的升高而降低，随应变速率的升高而增大。     

固溶温度对高导磁双相不锈钢回火组织和性能的影响

研究了固溶温度对1Cr17NilSi2Mn1高强度高导磁双相不锈钢淬火回火后组织和性能的影响.结果表明,在淬火 620℃回火处理之前,先经950～1150℃固溶处理后,抗拉强度和屈服强度随同溶温度升高逐渐升高,1050℃时达到最大值(872 MPa、725 MPa),同溶温度进一步升高,抗拉强度、屈服强度呈下降趋势;硬度随固溶温度升高先下降后升高,950℃固溶时硬度最低(93 HRB),在1100℃达最大(99 HRB).微观组织分析发现,随固溶温度的升高,马氏体含量逐渐增多,在1100℃时马氏体含量最多,相界面最清晰,固溶温度过高时,马氏体含量逐渐下降.分析表明,1050℃固溶,马氏体含量多,且力学性能良好,是该合金的理想固溶温度.     

无磁钻铤用0Cr19Mn21Ni2N高氮钢的高温塑性变形行为

采用Gleeble-2000热模拟试验机对无磁钻铤用0Cr19Mn21Ni2N高氮奥氏体不锈钢进行高温拉伸试验,用扫描电镜和能谱仪对拉伸试样断口及断口附近的组织进行分析,用Thermo-Calc软件计算试验钢的相变及析出相,研究了0Cr19Mn21Ni2N高氮奥氏体不锈钢的高温塑性变形行为。结果表明,试验钢的第Ⅰ脆性区＞1150 ℃,第Ⅲ脆性区为800~950 ℃,未出现第Ⅱ脆性区。第Ⅰ脆性区的出现主要是在加热过程中试验钢由奥氏体向δ铁素体转变引起的,第Ⅲ脆性区的出现是因为M₂(C, N)析出相及Al₂O₃夹杂物引起的。试验钢的高温抗拉强度随温度升高而逐渐降低,断面收缩率在1000~1150 ℃温度范围内表现出极佳的热塑性,温度超过1150 ℃后断面收缩率逐渐下降,因此0Cr19Mn21Ni2N高氮奥氏体不锈钢的热锻温度应选择在1000~1150 ℃之间,在此温度范围内断面收缩率均在73%以上,并且可以避开第Ⅰ与第Ⅲ脆性区。     

Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的热轧工艺

运用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机研究了00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢在变形温度为1000～1200 ℃,变形量为50%、60%、70%,应变速率为0.05 s^-1条件下的热压缩变形行为,并观察分析变形后试样组织形貌和经1080 ℃固溶热处理后试样的组织形貌。观察试样固溶热处理前后的组织形貌得到在1000~1150 ℃下进行热压缩变形,随着变形量的增加,动态再结晶越完全;经过固溶热处理后,静态再结晶就越充分。但在1200 ℃时,温度过高,再结晶已完成并且晶粒发生长大。在变形量分别为50%、60%和70%时,随着变形温度的升高,再结晶越完全,经固溶热处理后,再结晶更完全。00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢热轧最佳轧制温度为1100 ℃,压缩变形量为70%。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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