Q345B钢等离子-MAG复合焊接头组织与力学性能

以10 mm的Q345B钢板为母材,开Y型坡口,使用等离子-MAG复合焊方法,进行单层单道焊接。对焊接接头进行无损检测,未发现裂纹、气孔、夹渣等缺陷。分析焊接接头的显微组织,焊缝区主要由铁素体和珠光体构成,先共析铁素体沿柱状晶界析出,晶内主要是针状铁素体和珠光体的混合物;焊接热影响区较窄,组织形态变化明显但晶粒尺寸有所改善。硬度试验显示,焊缝和热影响区的硬度高于母材。对焊接接头进行拉伸、弯曲和冲击等力学性能测试,结果表明,采用等离子-MAG复合焊接方法得到的接头强度和韧塑性良好。     

能量配比对S355ML钢激光-MAG复合焊的影响

对5 mm厚S355ML细晶粒结构钢进行激光-MAG复合焊,在保证线能量为400 J/mm的情况下,研究激光能量占总能量的能量配比(ER)对焊接接头宏观成形、显微组织及硬度、拉伸等力学性能的影响。结果表明,ER=0.2时,焊缝出现未熔透缺陷,且焊缝上下部硬度分布不均匀;ER=0.4和0.6时,焊缝均成形良好,且硬度分布均匀。拉伸接头均断裂于母材,表明焊缝强度高于母材。另外,焊缝截面呈"高脚杯"状,分为电弧区和激光区,热影响区分为过热区和重结晶区。焊缝区组织主要为铁素体和珠光体,过热区组织主要为粗大的魏氏组织和贝氏体,重结晶区组织主要为等轴铁素体和珠光体。     

ULCB钢电子束穿透焊组织与性能

为了进一步探索ULCB钢的焊接性能,采用真空电子束穿透焊不同束流强度对14 mm钢板对接接头进行了焊接,通过焊缝形貌比较,束流强度为100 mA时,接头焊缝成形最好,选取该接头做了拉伸、硬度、冲击试验及金相组织分析.结果表明,拉伸试样的断裂区域在母材区,抗拉强度为761 MPa、屈服强度为669 MPa,硬度范围在270~330 HV;冲击试样的断裂区域在热影响区,焊缝区平均冲击功为288 J,热影响区平均冲击功为273 J;接头显微组织中,焊缝区和热影响区产生了α'马氏体相,使焊缝区和热影响区产生相变强化,导致焊接接头的强度和硬度均高于母材.     

奥氏体不锈钢薄板对接等离子弧-MAG复合焊工艺

针对板厚2 mm的SUS301L-HT不锈钢薄板对接,采用等离子弧-MAG复合焊工艺进行焊接,分析焊接速度、MAG焊电流等工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响,得出了合理的等离子弧-MAG复合焊工艺参数,并分析接头拉伸、弯曲和晶间腐蚀性能。试验结果表明：等离子弧-MAG复合焊对接接头具有良好的塑性,其平均抗拉强度约为母材的95%,平均屈服强度约为母材的97%,基本与母材的相当;对接接头拉伸试样均断裂在对接焊缝中靠近熔合线位置;对接接头的晶间腐蚀敏感性较低,耐晶间腐蚀性能良好。     

中厚度高氮钢激光-MIG复合焊接头组织与性能研究

采用激光-MIG复合焊接方法,对20 mm厚的高氮奥氏体不锈钢板进行对接焊,分析了焊接接头的组织、硬度、力学性能及断口形貌。结果表明,复合焊接热影响区和焊缝组织均为奥氏体和少量δ-铁素体,热影响区较窄,软化区较小,硬度较为均匀;焊接接头抗拉强度达到母材的93.8%,断裂于焊缝区,拉伸断口形貌为明显的韧窝状。     

10Ni3CrMoV钢CO2激光多层焊的接头组织与性能

与传统电弧焊相比,激光焊接厚板优势明显。采用纯激光焊和激光电弧复合焊等多道焊接技术实现了28 mm厚10Ni3CrMoV钢的高效焊接,采用光学显微镜分析焊缝、热影响区和焊缝重叠区的组织,激光复合焊缝组织主要为针状铁素体,纯激光焊缝、粗晶区和细晶区组织主要为板条马氏体,激光复合焊缝重叠区组织为粒状贝氏体+马氏体,纯激光焊缝和激光复合焊缝重叠区组织为马氏体+少量粒状贝氏体。测试了焊接接头的力学性能,结果表明,激光复合焊缝金属的冲击韧性较高,焊接接头的抗拉强度和屈服强度与母材相当,延伸率略小于母材,焊接接头的最大硬度小于360 HV,弯曲性能合格。     

高强钢CO2激光-MAG复合焊接性能

为了研究CO₂激光-熔化极活性气体保护焊（MAG）复合焊接性能,采用CO₂激光和CO₂激光-MAG复合焊接590MPa级高强度钢,对其焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,激光-MAG复合焊接的焊缝金属中,MAG电弧作用区主要为珠光体和贝氏体,激光作用区主要为马氏体;激光-MAG复合焊接的焊缝金属中Mo和Mn合金元素的分布具有不均匀性;激光和激光-MAG复合焊接的试件焊接接头拉伸性能完全满足要求,焊缝强度高于基体强度;激光-电弧复合焊缝金属在-60℃～+15℃试验温度范围内的冲击韧性比激光焊缝金属高;激光-MAG复合焊接焊缝金属硬度在250～400 HV之间,高于基体金属的硬度.     

2205双相不锈钢的激光-MIG复合焊接头性能

常规的高能束焊接方法因焊后冷速较快易导致双相不锈钢焊缝及热影响区两相比例失衡,接头性能恶化.采用激光-MIG复合焊接方法对2205双相不锈钢进行焊接,焊后对接头微观组织、力学性能和腐蚀性能分析发现,焊缝及热影响区铁素体相比例控制在40%～70%合理范围内,接头硬度和抗拉强度高于母材,焊缝、熔合线、热影响区的～40℃冲击...     

430铁素体不锈钢钢带光纤激光填丝焊接工艺研究

分别研究了激光自熔焊和激光填丝焊焊接工艺对2 mm厚430铁素体不锈钢钢带焊接的影响,分析了铁素体不锈钢激光焊的组织转变以及力学性能变化规律。结果表明,相对于激光自熔焊接,激光填丝焊焊接430铁素体不锈钢所获得的焊缝晶粒更细小、焊缝成形更均匀、饱满且焊缝无凹陷、咬边等缺陷,接头抗拉强度优于母材,熔合区硬度值分布更加均匀,最高可达320 HV左右,相对母材硬度值有显著提升。430铁素体不锈钢在0.1mm和0.3 mm对接间隙下进行激光填丝焊均获得成形良好且力学性能优良的焊接接头,从而可大大降低对焊接生产装配条件的要求。     

异种钢激光焊接接头热成型后的组织与性能

采用激光填丝的方法对带有Al Si镀层的22MnB5和6Mn6异种热成型钢进行了拼焊,并对焊缝进行了焊后热成型实验。通过金相显微镜、维氏硬度计和拉伸试验机对热成型前后焊缝截面的宏观形貌、显微组织、硬度和拉伸性能进行了观察和测试。结果显示,在本文所提供的焊接参数条件下,可以获得焊缝成形良好的接头,且在拉伸测试中均断裂于6Mn6母材一侧(热成型后)。焊缝组织在热成型前后均以粗大的板条马氏体为主。Al Si镀层在焊接过程中被卷入焊缝形成带状和块状的富铝相,并在热成型后形成条块状分布的δ铁素体,但未导致接头在拉伸测试中断于焊缝。焊后母材硬度均低于200 HV,焊缝则在500 HV左右;热成型后焊缝硬度下降至370 HV左右,22MnB5母材上升至500 HV左右,6Mn6母材则在250 HV左右。     

X80/X100异种钢激光-MIG复合焊接头显微组织和性能

采用激光-MIG复合焊对X80管线钢和X100管线钢进行焊接,研究了激光功率对复合焊接头的焊缝形貌、显微组织、硬度、强度和韧性的影响规律.结果表明,激光功率从2.0 k W增大至3.5 k W时,盖面焊缝熔宽和熔深增加,激光区熔深明显增加;激光区焊缝中AF含量增加、LB含量减少,X100侧粗晶热影响区和细晶热影响区中条状贝氏体含量减少,X80侧粗晶热影响区和细晶热影响区中准多边形铁素体含量增加.复合焊接头硬度分布并不对称,最高硬度出现在X100侧熔合区部位.复合焊接头的抗拉强度基本不随激光功率变化,拉伸试样断裂位置均为X80侧母材.随着激光功率增大,焊接接头最高硬度和韧性均下降.     

DP590镀锌双相钢CMT焊接接头显微组织及力学性能

针对汽车制造中薄板焊接质量问题及鉴于汽车行业对镀锌双相钢的大量需求,在弧长修正系数为0,送丝速度为3.0 m/min,焊接速度为400 mm/min的焊接工艺参数下,对1.0 mm厚的DP590镀锌双相钢进行了CMT搭接焊试验,并通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜与维氏硬度计等设备研究了焊接接头的显微组织与力学性能。试验结果表明,CMT焊接DP590镀锌钢能够得到成形良好的焊接接头。焊缝组织主要为板条马氏体,粗晶区由板条马氏体和少量铁素体组成,细晶区组织多为马氏体及少量贝氏体,不完全相变区中的铁素体含量增加,马氏体含量减少;焊接接头拉伸试验断裂位置在不完全相变区,属于塑性断裂,最大载荷为10.48 kN,与母材接近。焊缝平均硬度值最高,约为260 HV,不完全相变区显微硬度值最低,约为170 HV。该研究为DP590镀锌双相钢薄板CMT焊接提供工艺参考,对汽车轻量化生产制造具有重要的工程意义。 创新点： (1)针对汽车用钢薄板焊接的难点,提出具有低热输入焊接特点的CMT工艺。 (2)研究DP590镀锌双相钢CMT焊接接头显微组织及力学性能,研究结果可为工厂实际生产提供理论依据与数据支持。     

等离子弧焊Q345B和430不锈钢异种接头的微观组织与性能

摘要： 采用等离子弧焊对3 mm厚的Q345低合金钢与430不锈钢进行异种钢焊接,并对接头微观组织、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明,当转弧电流为100 A时,等离子弧焊Q345B/430异种钢接头的焊缝组织为均匀分布的马氏体及针状铁素体,焊接接头综合性能优良。随着电流的增大,焊缝组织转变为粗大板条马氏体及铁素体。两侧热影响区组织均发生一定程度的粗化,且Q345B侧热影响区出现魏氏组织。焊接接头于焊缝处显微硬度最大,不同转弧电流条件下异种钢显微硬度分布趋势大致相同。不同转弧电流下,焊接接头抗拉强度均与430不锈钢相近,且均断裂在靠近焊缝的430母材侧,转弧电流为100 A时接头抗拉强度最大值427 MPa。焊接接头的耐腐蚀性能与焊接电流呈负相关趋势。 创新点： 试验结果为铁素体低合金钢与铁素体不锈钢异种钢接头的应用提供了工艺数据与支撑。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar welds between 16Mn and 304L in underwater wet welding

Dissimilar joint between 304L austenitic stainless steel and low-alloy steel 16Mn was underwater wet welded using self-shielded nickel-based tubular wire. Microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of dissimilar welded joints were discussed. Ni-based weld metal was fully austenitic with well-developed columnar sub-grains. Type II boundary existed between Ni-based weld metal and ferritic base metal in underwater welds similar to that in air welds. Major alloying elements distributed non-uniformly across the austenitic weld metal/16Mn interface. Maximum hardness values in wet welding appeared in a coarse-grained heat-affected zone at the 16Mn side, which possessed very low impact toughness. Underwater Ni-based welded joints fractured at Ni-based weld metal under tensile test. Ni-based weld metal had favourable corrosion resistance similar to 304L base metal.     

The Microstructure and Pitting Resistance of Weld Joints of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel

2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) was welded by submerged arc welding. The effects of both heat input and groove type on the ferrite/austenite ratio and elemental diffusion of weld joints were investigated. The relationships among welding joint preparation, ferrite/austenite ratio, elemental diffusion, and pitting corrosion resistance of weld joints were analyzed. When the Ni content of the weld wire deposit was at minimum 2–4% higher than that of 2205 DSS base metal, the desired ratio of ferrite/austenite and elemental partitioning between the austenite and ferrite phases were obtained. While the pitting sensitivity of weld metal was higher than that of base metal, the self-healing capability of the passive film of weld metal was better than that of the base metal when a single V-type groove was used. Furthermore, the heat input should be carefully controlled since pitting corrosion occurred readily in the coarse-grained heat-affected zone near the fusion line of welded joints.     

Tensile Properties and Fusion Zone Hardening for GMAW and MIEA Welds of a 7075-T651 Aluminum Alloy

Tensile and hardness values for 7075-T651 aluminum alloy in the as welded and post weld heat treated conditions（solubilization and artificial aging-T6）,obtained using GMAW and modified indirect electric arc（MIEA）welding processes are presented.Results showed that the base material along rolling direction exhibited a tensile strength of around 600 MPa and elongation of 11%.For the as welded condition,tensile strength was 260 MPa and elongation percent of 3%.This behavior was attributed to brittleness induced by the microstructural characteristics of the welded alloys,as well as high porosity.Hardness profiles along the welds were obtained and different welded zones were identified.A soft zone（＊100 HV0.1） in the heat affected zone for GMAW and MIEA was observed,the minimum hardness corresponding to weld metal（＊85 and ＊96 HV0.1for GMAW and MIEA,respectively）.The high dilution between filler and base metal during welding in MIEA allows to the Zn and Cu to flow from the base metal into the weld metal,inducing hardening by solution and subsequent artificial aging.In this regard,the hardness of the weld metal for MIEA increases by 56%,while the tensile strength reaches a value close to 400 MPa.For GMAW,non-favorable hardening effect was observed for the weld metal after solution and artificial aging.     

复相钢CP800焊缝冷裂纹敏感性研究

采用气体保护焊对试验钢CP800分别进行对接、斜Y、T型(角接)、CTS(搭接)焊接,测试分析不同焊接接头形式下的宏观形貌、微观组织和性能的变化,以研究CP800钢的可焊性和冷裂纹敏感性。实验结果表明:试验钢适用于各种焊接形式下的汽车结构件,具有很低的焊缝冷裂纹敏感性。焊接热影响区的组织为粒状铁素体、贝氏体以及少量的板条贝氏体,分布均匀,焊缝熔合良好。4种不同焊接方式下的焊缝硬度分布一致,最高硬度值为320 HV,小于350 HV。斜Y坡口对接接头处的母材、热影响区以及熔合区的冲击性能均大于23 J,其断口形貌均为韧窝形状。