"穿堂风"对管道氩弧焊焊接质量的影响

在某高开发区供热管网工程施工中,大直径管道焊接采用氩弧焊打底,焊条电弧焊盖面工艺。管道材质为碳钢,规格为273mm×9mm,426mm×12mm,水平固定对接,坡口角度60°±5°,钝边0～0.5mm,间隙2.5～3.5mm,焊前将坡口内外及两侧各20mm处清理干净。采用逆变焊机,直流正接;氩弧焊焊丝为TIJ-50,直径2.5mm;焊条电弧焊焊条采用E4303,直径3.2mm,4.0mm,共焊4层。焊接完毕,经X射线探伤检验,共拍片48张,其中11张片子发现有气孔存在,长度10～20mm,形状为长条形,位于焊缝根部。这种缺陷在以前的焊接中从未出现过,严重影响了焊接质量和工程进度,引起了我…     

"超慢速"精密校直液压机

合锻新近研制出一台YH4 0— 2 0 0型 2 0 0 0kN精密校直液压机 ,经数据检测其指标达到技术协议要求 ,尤其该机的超慢速运行达 0 0 0 4 5mm/s,运行平稳 ,位置精度、位置重复精度均小于 0 0 3mm。该液压机是C型单柱结构 ,采用PLC和触摸显示屏精密数控 ,行程位置预先设定 ,具备储存检测点、每个点压弯数次的数据内存 ;机床具备故障诊断功能。保压时间可以设定。可实现人机对话、数据采集及打印 ;其液压系统采用双比例控制 ,闭环回路。这台精密校直液压机是为厂商用来校正飞机机翼的专用设备 ,可运用于汽车、机床、纺织机械等行业的精密校…     

大型薄壁回转体铸件的"贴皮法"造型工艺

我厂铸钢车间生产各种冶金备件(重6.5~8.0 t以下)中,以大型、异形而又薄壁的回转体件的铸造最为困难,该类铸件传统采用组芯造型工艺,生产周期长,用砂量大,模样制作费用高,且往往出现壁厚不均、热裂纹、膨胀、多肉、飞翅、跑火等铸造缺陷。其中,以高炉料斗、受料斗及弯管等件最为典型。本文以高炉受料斗为例介绍“贴皮法”造型工艺的实际应用。1高炉受料斗原组芯造型工艺简介高炉受料斗,材质ZG270-500,有多种尺寸规格,铸件重3~8 t之间。上下法兰直径一般为1 800~2 800 mm,主体壁厚30~40 mm,高度1 300~1 700 mm。因料斗壁厚尺寸小,高度及直径…     

利用数值模拟开发涡轮增压器壳体铸件

介绍了汽车发动机中涡轮增压器壳体铸件的结构及技术要求,利用自动化线壳型铸造,一型2件,水平分型,采用封闭式浇注系统,浇口比为ΣF直:ΣF横:ΣF内=2:1.5:1,其中,直浇道截面面积为1 200 mm2,横浇道截面面积为900mm2,内浇道截面面积为600 mm2。热侧冒口直径为65 mm,高度为100 mm,冒口颈尺寸为23 mm×33 mm;顶冒口直径为50 mm,高度为70 mm,冒口颈尺寸为10 mm×25 mm,并在涡轮室内部圆形平面处放置尺寸为50 mm×15 mm×15 mm的随型冷铁,使生产的铸件冒口颈区域微观缩松消除。     

基于ProCAST软件的镍基中空叶片定向凝固过程模拟

采用ProCAST铸造仿真软件对镍基中空叶片定向凝固过程进行仿真模拟。结果表明:当界面换热系数恒定为1 500 W/m2·K时,随着抽拉速率逐渐降低,糊状区最小宽度从66.4 mm(v=8 mm/min)降低为39.1 mm(v=2mm/min);当抽拉速率恒定为2 mm/min时,随着界面换热系数降低,糊状区最小宽度从74.5 mm(H=1 500 W/m2·K)降低为39.1 mm(500 W/m2·K);抽拉速率和界面换热系数分别为2 mm/min和1 500 W/m2·K时,中空叶片最大位移量约为0.05 mm,可获得一定的尺寸精度。     

轨道车辆不锈钢车体典型接头激光焊接工艺特性研究

通过优化两种板厚组合(2?mm+1.5?mm和1.5?mm+2?mm)的不锈钢非熔透型激光搭接焊的焊接工艺参数,实现对多参量耦合工况条件下的激光焊接质量控制,并对其疲劳性能进行研究.运用正交试验方法设计了焊接工艺试验,根据正交试验结果分析两种板厚组合焊接接头的3种关键焊接参数(焊接功率P、焊速v、离焦量f)与抗剪强度之间的关系,得出最优焊接工艺参数,即1.5?mm+2?mm板厚组合:P=3700?W,v=4330?mm/min,f=+4?mm;2?mm+1.5?mm板厚组合:P=3700?W,v=4580?mm/min,f=0?mm,对比分析最佳焊接工艺参数下两种板厚组合激光焊焊接接头的疲劳性能,2?mm+1.5?mm板厚组合焊接接头疲劳强度高于1.5?mm+2?mm板厚组合,为不锈钢车体激光焊接参数的进一步优化及疲劳性能研究提供了参考.     

∠100mm× 63mm不等边角钢的开发

介绍了涟源钢铁集团有限公司型材厂在Φ650mm×1/Φ650mm×1/Φ400mm×2/Φ400mm×2/Φ500mm×2轧机上开发了∠100mm×63mm不等边角钢;通过调整孔型系统参数等措施,解决了不等边角钢常见的长腿偏长偏厚、短腿偏短偏薄和顶角易塌角等问题.     

基于ProCAST软件的镍基中空叶片定向凝固过程模拟

采用ProCAST铸造仿真软件对镍基中空叶片定向凝固过程进行仿真模拟。结果表明:当界面换热系数恒定为1 500 W/m2·K时,随着抽拉速率逐渐降低,糊状区最小宽度从66.4 mm(v=8 mm/min)降低为39.1 mm(v=2mm/min);当抽拉速率恒定为2 mm/min时,随着界面换热系数降低,糊状区最小宽度从74.5 mm(H=1 500 W/m2·K)降低为39.1 mm(500 W/m2·K);抽拉速率和界面换热系数分别为2 mm/min和1 500 W/m2·K时,中空叶片最大位移量约为0.05 mm,可获得一定的尺寸精度。     

移动式钢管"二接一"焊接装置的研制

介绍了在“西气东输”国家重点工程中采用的一种新的钢管对接焊设备和工艺,对长达25m的钢管对焊接过程作了重点介绍了,并对壁厚为14.6mm,直径为1016mm的钢管自动埋弧焊工艺及装备进行了研究,该设备经野外现场使用,焊接质量和效率均比其他设备有较大的提高。     

小型车间用连铸方坯尺寸的优化选择

为充分挖掘轧机潜力 ,石横特殊钢厂通过改进孔型设计和工装、设备、电控系统 ,使小型车间用连铸方坯由 1 2 0mm× 1 2 0mm× 3 0 2 0mm增大为 1 2 4mm× 1 2 4× 3 0 40mm ,成材率提高 0 69% ,定尺率提高0 4% ,轧机小时产量提高 1 98t/h ,固定费用下降 4 5元 /t。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).