Bi3+离子取代对Ba6-3xLn8+2xTi18O54陶瓷结构与微波介电性能的影响

研究了Bi3+取代Ln3+对Ba6-3xLn8+2XTi18O54(LnSm,Nd)固溶体陶瓷的结构与微波介电性能的影响规律.对于Ba4[(Sm1-yNdy)1-zBiz]9 33Ti18O54,Bi3+取代对晶粒生长有促进作用,且使介电常数提高,但使Q·f值降低.xRD分析表明,对于y=0.2,当Bi3+的取代量z≤0.06时,材料保持类钙钛矿钨青铜单相结构,而当取代量较多时,类钙钛矿结构失稳,转变为(BiSm)2TiO7第二相,而对于y=0.7,则在Bi取代量达0.20时仍能保持单相钨青铜结构.且当z=0.10时,可获得优化的介电性能为ε=90.2,Q·f=9090GHz,τf=8.7×10-6/℃.     

Bi掺杂对Ba_(6-3x)La_(8+2x)(Ti_(0.95)Zr_(0.05))_(18)O_(54)(x=2/3)陶瓷的烧结性能和介电性能的影响

采用传统固相反应法制备Ba6-3x(La1-mBim)8+2x(Ti0.95Zr0.05)18O54(x=2/3)微波介质陶瓷,研究Bi掺杂对Ba6-3xLa8+2x(Ti0.95Zr0.05)18O54(x=2/3)陶瓷的烧结性能、微观结构以及介电性能的影响。结果表明:当0m0.4时,Bi3+取代A1位的La3+生成单相类钨青铜型固溶体;当Bi3+的掺杂量超过这个范围时,La0.176Bi0.824O1.5作为第二相出现在固溶体中;Bi3+的掺入使Ba6-3xLa8+2x(Ti0.95Zr0.05)18O54(x=2/3)陶瓷的烧结温度从1400℃降低到1300℃,同时,其介电常数大幅度提高,谐振频率温度系数减小,但品质因数急剧减小;当m=0.05时,1350℃下保温2h烧结获得的陶瓷具有微波介电性能,εr=88.63,Q·f=4395GHz,τf=6.25×10-6/℃。     

BaTiO3-La2O3-MgO陶瓷微观结构与介电性能

采用传统固相反应法对水热BaTiO3粉体进行La2O3和MgO复合掺杂改性.研究(Ba1-xLax)(Ti1.x/2Mgx/2)O3体系的烧结性能、相组成、微观结构及介电性能.研究结果表明随着掺量x的增加,烧结温度提高,晶体结构逐渐由四方相转为立方相.当x=0.0025时,以Mg2+固溶取代Ti4+位占优势,晶格常数增加;当x≥0.2时,La3+固溶取代Ba位占优势,晶格常数下降.随着掺量的增加,晶粒尺寸减小.x=0.4时,平均晶粒尺寸约为0.33 μm,晶粒大小均匀,材料致密.随着掺量的增加,居里温度下降,居里峰展宽,电阻率提高.高掺量情况下(x≥0.2),随着掺量的增加,介电常数增加,介电常数随温度的变化率降低.BaTiO3-La2O3-MgO体系材料可以作为介电特性较为稳定、小尺寸、大容量的片式陶瓷电容器的介质材料.     

BaTiO3-La2O3-MgO陶瓷微观结构与介电性能

采用传统固相反应法对水热BaTiO3粉体进行La2O3和MgO复合掺杂改性.研究(Ba1-xLax)(Ti1.x/2Mgx/2)O3体系的烧结性能、相组成、微观结构及介电性能.研究结果表明:随着掺量x的增加,烧结温度提高,晶体结构逐渐由四方相转为立方相.当x=0.0025时,以Mg2+固溶取代Ti4+位占优势,晶格常数增加;当x≥0.2时,La3+固溶取代Ba位占优势,晶格常数下降.随着掺量的增加,晶粒尺寸减小.x=0.4时,平均晶粒尺寸约为0.33 μm,晶粒大小均匀,材料致密.随着掺量的增加,居里温度下降,居里峰展宽,电阻率提高.高掺量情况下(x≥0.2),随着掺量的增加,介电常数增加,介电常数随温度的变化率降低.BaTiO3-La2O3-MgO体系材料可以作为介电特性较为稳定、小尺寸、大容量的片式陶瓷电容器的介质材料.     

MgO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃介电特性

以2MgO-2Al2O3-5SiO2微晶玻璃为基础成分,引入TiO2和ZnO,探讨了TiO2,ZnO及不同的热处理条件对微晶玻璃相组成、介电性能的影响.结果表明Ti4+以单体TiO2形式存在,并未取代Si4+位置,形成固溶体,随TiO2含量的增加,致密化温度升高,谐振频率温度系数τf从负变正,介电常数εr增大,Qf值减小;ZnO在堇青石微晶玻璃中,Zn2+取代Mg2+位置,形成Mg1 91Zn0 09(Al4Si5 04O18)固溶体,降低体系的自由能,促进烧结;随烧结温度升高及保温时间的延长,相组成由MgAl2Si3O10,MgAl2Si4O12转化Mg1 91Zn0.09(Al4Si5 04O18)固溶体,εr减小,Qf增大.TiO2添加量为5ω/%的MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-ZnO-H3BO3玻璃,在900℃烧结2 h,可获得较佳的介电性能εr=5.53,Qf=14 000 GHz,τf=-7×10-6/℃,是一种理想的多层片式微波器件及模块用材料.     

富钛BaO-TiO2(Ti/Ba=4～4.5)系微波介质陶瓷

采用固相反应法制备了富钛BaTi4+xO9+2x(x=0.0-0.50)微波介质陶瓷,探讨了TiO2含量以及烧结温度对物相组成和介电性能的影响.在1300～1350 ℃烧结BaTi4+xO9+2x陶瓷即可达到约98%的相对密度.当x≤0.28时,BaTi4+xO9+2x陶瓷为BaTi4O9单相.随TiO2含量的增加,BaTi4+xO9+2x陶瓷从BaTi4O9单相逐渐转变成以BaTi4O9为主相,同时出现TiO2和Ba2Ti9O20相,并且随烧结温度提高,TiO2含量较多的试样中出现更多的Ba2Ti9O20相.随TiO2含量的增加介电常数逐渐增大,而Qf值呈下降趋势.Qf值从x=0.0时的约40 000 GHz逐渐降低至x=0.50时的15 000 GHz.     

掺杂CuO-TiO2凝胶的Al2O3微波介质陶瓷低温烧结

研究了掺Cu/Ti凝胶的氧化铝胶凝体特性、烧结行为以及微波介电性能.研究发现随着Cu/Ti比的增加,系统成胶凝体条件苛刻,易出现沉淀现象;在(C4H9O)4Ti,(CH3COO)2Cu的乙醇混合溶液中添加Al2O3粉料,Cu/Ti在氧化铝表面形成均质的胶状体;氧化铝的胶状体在750℃热处理后,CuO和TiO2结晶完全,形成Al2O3-CuO-TiO2混合体系,温度升高到1 050℃左右,生成CuO-TiO2低熔点化合物,促使氧化铝烧结温度降至1 360℃以下,剩余的TiO2弥散在氧化铝的晶粒间;以Cu/Ti=0.510的氧化铝胶凝体的综合性能最佳,在1 360℃烧结4 h,其微波介电性能为εr≈10.92,Q×f=30 540 GHz,τf=-5.6×10-6/℃.     

Ca1-3xLn2xTiO3（x=0．13，0．2；Ln=La，Nd，Sm）高介微波介质陶瓷

探讨了烧结温度、组成和稀土元素对Ca1-3xLn2xTiO3（x=0．13，0．2；Ln=La，Nd，Sm）陶瓷的晶体结构、微波介电性能的影响。X射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，除Ca1-3xLn2xTiO3（x=0．2；Ln=Sm）陶瓷中含有少量的第二相（Sm2Ti2O7）外，其余Ca1-3xLn2xTiO3（x=0．13，0．2；Ln=La，Nd，Sm）陶瓷均形成了单一正交钙钛矿相。x=0．13的样品微波介电性能明显优于相应的x=0．2的样品。部分Ca1-3xLn2xTiO3（x=0．13，0．2；Ln=La，Nd，Sm）陶瓷微波介电性能如下：ε=119．6、Qf=10674GHz、τf=304．4×10^-6/℃（x=0．13、Ln=La）；ε=108．9、Qf=14919GHz、τf=236．2×10^-6／℃（x=0．13、Ln=Nd）；ε=101．3、Qf=14485GHz、τf=186．6×10^-6／℃（x=0．13、Ln=Sm）。     

片式多层微波器件用Ca[(Li0.33Nb0.67)0.8Ti0.2]O3-δ微波介质陶瓷的制备

研究了烧结助剂Bi2O3对添加锌硼硅玻璃的Ca[(Li0.33Nb0.67)0.8Ti0.2]O3-δ陶瓷烧结特性、微观结构和介电性能的影响,分析了该陶瓷与银电极的共烧行为.结果表明随着Bi2O3添加量增加,陶瓷体气孔含量减少,体密度和介电常数εr增加,而品质因数Q×f值下降,频率温度系数τf由正值变为负值.添加7.5%(质量分数)锌硼硅玻璃和3.0%(质量分数)Bi2O3的陶瓷样品在900℃烧结,其介电性能εr=36.73,Q×f=10 396GHz(336GHz),τf=-3.27×10-6/℃.陶瓷与银电极共烧界面结合状况良好,无明显扩散.该材料可用于制造片式多层微波器件.     

V2O5溶胶掺杂Li1.05Nb0.55Ti0.55O3微波介质陶瓷的烧结特性及介电性能

研究了V2O5溶胶含量对Li1.05Nb0.55Ti0.55O3陶瓷烧结特性及介电性能的影响.实验结果发现,V2O5溶胶与基质形成低熔点LiVO3界面相,促使Li1.05Nb0.55Ti0.55O3烧结温度从1 100℃降至900℃;XDR表明,LiVO3相在烧结后期固溶入M相晶格中.随V2O5添加量增加,致密化温度降低,介电常数εr减少,品质因子Qf降低,频率温度系数τf变化较小掺加2%V2O5(质量分数,下同)溶胶的Li1.05Nb0.55Ti0.55O3陶瓷在900℃烧结2 h,其微波介电性能εt=60.2,Qf=3 868 GHz,τf=35.7×10-6/℃.     

La1/3Sr2/3Mn1-xFexO3(x=0,0.05)中电荷有序现象的超声研究

系统研究了La1／3Sr2／3Mn1-xFexO3(x=0，0．05)单相多晶样品在20--300K温区内的电荷输运性质和超声特性，结果表明，La1／3Sr2／3MnO3样品在235K存在明显的电荷有序现象，但是极少量的Fe取代Mn就会有效地抑制电荷有序现象的发生，伴随电荷有序现象的发生声速出现极大的软化，其相对变化超过5％，这表明La1／3Sr2／3Mn1-xFexO3中存在剧烈的电-声子相互作用，分析指出该电-声子耦合主要起源于Jahn-Teller效应。     

Spin-glass-like behaviour in the ternary U3Fe4+xAl12−x uranium–iron aluminide

The U₃Fe_4+xAl_12?x (0 < x < 0.5) intermetallic was prepared by arc melting, followed by annealing at 850 °C. This compound crystallizes in the hexagonal Gd₃Ru₄Al₁₂-type structure (e.g. P6₃/mmc), with room temperature parameters a = 8.7516(3) Å and c = 9.2653(4) Å for x = 0. The structure is characterized by planar layers of M3Al4 (M = Gd, U), containing M atoms in a triangular arrangement and forming a distorted Kagomé net. Magnetic measurements revealed a spin-glass-type behaviour with a freezing temperature, T_f = 7.9 K. The magnitude of the frequency shift of the freezing temperature is ≈0.03 and a Vogel–Fulcher law is followed with values typical for a spin-glass. ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer data show that there is no freezing of the iron magnetic moments directions below T_f, indicating that the origin of the spin-glass-like behaviour is related to topological frustration of the uranium moments.     

Crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties of a new A4B3O12-type cation-deficient perovskite Ba3LaTa3O12

A new microwave dielectric ceramic Ba₃LaTa₃O₁₂ has been prepared by conventional solid-state ceramic route. Through Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffraction data, the compound is identified as an A₄B₃O₁₂-type B-site cation-deficient perovskite with space group and lattice constants a = 5.7573(2) Å, c = 28.2386(2) Å, V = 810.62(4) Å³ and Z = 3. The microwave dielectric properties of Ba₃LaTa₃O₁₂ were investigated. The compound exhibits a relative dielectric constant (_r) of 36.8, a quality factor Q_u × f of 21,965 at 6.4040 GHz and a small negative temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ_f) of −49.6 ppm/°C.     

白光LED用Y3-xAl5O12：Ce3x＋材料发光性能的影响因素的研究

采用高温固相法,在氢氩混合气下还原制备了白光LED用荧光材料Y3-xAl5O12：Ce3x＋。研究了助熔剂用量、焙烧温度、保温时间等因素对材料发光性能的影响。研究表明,助熔剂用量、焙烧温度、保温时间对材料的发光性能影响较大,且均存在一个最佳值,当基质原料中Ce3＋掺杂量x为0.06,助熔剂用量为6%（质量）,焙烧温度为1300℃,保温时间为4 h时所得发光材料的性能最好。XRD测试表明,所制备的材料Y2.94Al5O12：Ce03.＋06属立方晶系。荧光光谱测试表明,在365 nm紫外光激发下,材料Y2.94Al5O12：Ce03.＋06呈现白光,其形成的宽带发射光谱的主发射峰波长分别约为427 nm和472 nm。     

12CrNi3

正12CrN i3A是用途较广的,传统的中淬透性高级合金渗碳钢。含碳量较低,加入镍、铬合金元素,能提高钢的淬透性和渗碳层的强韧性,尤其是镍,在产生固溶强化的同时,明显增加钢的塑韧性。与其他冷成型塑料模具钢相比,它的冷成型性属于中等。比12CrN i2A钢有更高的淬透性,因此,可以用于制造比12CrN i2A钢截     

Al70—xCu8Fe10Cr12Cex准晶合金的凝固形貌及组织

研究了Ｃｅ对ＡｌＣｕＦｅＣｒ准晶合金凝固特性的影响。结果表明加入Ｃｅ能提高ＡｌＣｕＦｅＣｒ合金的硬度，加入适量的Ｃｅ可细化晶粒；而且固液界面的生长方式随着Ｃｅ含量的增加而明显改变，使合金凝固形貌表现出由胞状晶向胞状枝晶再向树枝晶转变的规律     

12CrNi3

正12CrNi3属于合金渗碳钢,是军工特钢,执行标准GB/T 3077—1999。比12CrNi2A钢有更高的淬透性,因此,可以用于制造比12CrNi2A钢截面稍大的零件。是用途较广的高级渗碳钢,与15Cr、20Cr钢相比,其强度、塑性、淬透性均高。该钢淬火低温回火或高温回火后都具有良好的综合力学性能,钢的低温韧性好,缺口敏感性小,切削加工性能良好,当硬度为260～320 HB时,相对切削加工性为60%～70%。另外,钢退火后硬度     

Selective oxidation of methane and carbon deposition over Fe2O3/Ce1−x Zr x O2 oxides

A series of Fe2O3/Al2O3, Fe2O3/CeO2, Ce0.7Zr0.3O2, and Fe2O3/Ce1-xZrxO2(x = 0.1–0.4) oxides was prepared and their physicochemical features were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmission electron microscope(TEM), and H2-temperature-programmed reduction(H2-TPR) techniques. The gas–solid reactions between these oxides and methane for syngas generation as well as the catalytic performance for selective oxidation of carbon deposition in O2-enriched atmosphere were investigated in detail. The results show that the samples with the presence of Fe2O3show much higher activity for methane oxidation compared with the Ce0.7Zr0.3O2solid solution,while the CeO2-contained samples represent higher CO selectively in methane oxidation than the Fe2O3/Al2O3sample. This suggests that the iron species should be the active sites for methane activation, and the cerium oxides provide the oxygen source for the selective oxidation of the activated methane to syngas during the reaction between methane and Fe2O3/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2. For the oxidation process of the carbon deposition, the CeO2-containing samples show much higher CO selectivity than the Fe2O3/Al2O3sample, which indicates that the cerium species should play a very important role in catalyzing the carbon selective oxidation to CO. The presence of the Ce–Zr–O solid solution could induce the growth direction of the carbonfilament, resulting in a loose contact between the carbon filament and the catalyst. This results in abundant exposed active sites for catalyzing carbon oxidation, strongly improving the oxidation rate of the carbon deposition over this sample. In addition, the Fe2O3/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2also represents much higher selectivity(ca. 97 %) for the conversion of carbon to CO than the Fe2O3/CeO2sample, which can be attributed to the higher concentration of reduced cerium sites on this sample. The increase of the Zr content in the Fe2O3/Ce1-xZrxO2samples could improve the reactivity of the materials for methane oxidation, but it also reduces the selectivity for CO formation.     

Oxidation of A12O3 continuous fiber-reinforced/NiAl composites

The 1200°C and 1300°C isothermal and cyclic oxidation behavior of Al₂O₃ continuous fiber (Saphikon)-reinforced/ NiAl composites were studied. Oxidation resulted in formation of Al₂O₃ external scales in a similar manner as scales formed on monolithic NiAl. The isothermal oxidation of an Al₂O₃/NiAl composite resulted in oxidation of the matrix along the fiber/matrix interface near the fiber ends. This oxide acted as a wedge between the fiber and matrix, and, under cyclic oxidation conditions, led to further oxidation along the fiber lengths and eventual cracking of the composite. The oxidation behavior of composites in which the Al₂O₃ fibers were sputter coated with nickel prior to processing was much more severe. This was attributed to open channels around the fibers which formed during processing most likely as a result of the diffusion of the nickel coating into the matrix.