余弦分布压力下矩形薄板的屈曲

针对不同支承条件,两对边受半余弦非线性分布压力下弹性矩形薄板的屈曲问题,进行了分析研究。对于只产生对称变形的矩形薄板,基于辛弹性力学的平面矩形域理论,给出了精确的面内应力分布。运用Galerkin法分析计算了半余弦分布压力下矩形薄板的屈曲载荷。根据各种不同支承矩形薄板弯曲的位移边界条件,借助于符号运算软件Maple,编写了相应的用户计算程序。对九种不同支承组合下的弹性矩形薄板进行了计算,得到了不同长宽比矩形薄板的屈曲载荷系数。通过与已有文献结果的比较表明,该文求解方法是有效和精确的。基于所给出的结果,可望为解决矩形薄板在非线性分布载荷下的屈曲分析提供一种新的研究方法。     

弹性地基上四边自由矩形薄板的自由振动

将弹性地基用Winkler模型来代替。首先把弹性地基上矩形薄板的动力学方程表示成为Hamilton正则方程，然后采用辛几何方法对全状态相变量进行分离变量，并利用得到的共扼辛正交归一关系，求出弹性地基上四边自由矩形薄板的固有频率和振型的解析解表达式。由于在求解过程中不需要事先人为的选取挠度函数，而是从弹性地基上矩形薄板的动力学基本方程出发，直接利用数学的方法求出可以满足四边自由边界条件的固有频率和振型的解析解表达式，使得问题的求解更加合理化。文中的最后还给出了计算实例来验证本文所采用的方法以及所推导出公式的正确性。     

粘弹性地基上矩形薄板的振动

本文给出了粘弹性基础上矩形弹性薄板振动的理论与计算方法。讨论了求解Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ模型粘弹性基础上矩形薄板固的频率的方法,给出了几种常见矩形薄板的固有频率;还讨论了在外激励作用下的受迫振动的求解方法,作为算例,求解了粘弹性基础上地基上四边简支矩形薄板在简谐激励作用下受迫振劝稳态解。     

载流薄板磁弹性动力失稳临界状态的判别

本文利用马丢方程,研究载流薄板在电磁场与机械荷载共同作用下的磁弹性动力失稳问题。在导出载电流薄板在电磁场与机械荷载共同作用下的磁弹性动力稳定性方程的基础上,应用Galerkin原理将稳定性方程整理为马丢方程的标准形式,将薄板的动力稳定性问题归结为马丢方程的求解。并利用马丢方程的稳定解区域与非稳定解区域的分界,即方程系数λ和η的本征值关系,以三边简支一边自由载流矩形薄板为例,得出了载流薄板磁弹性动力失稳临界状态的判别方程。     

钢筋混凝土矩形薄板徐变效应分析

基于弹性薄板理论和按龄期调整的有效模量法思想,分析钢筋混凝土矩形薄板徐变效应,建立了考虑混凝土徐变和钢筋约束影响的时变弹性曲面微分方程,并给出了四边简支和四边夹支的钢筋混凝土矩形薄板的徐变效应计算公式,可方便求解任意时刻薄板挠度和混凝土、钢筋的应力.     

气动式振动台振动信号生成机理研究

根据矩形薄板横向弯曲振动理论,建立了气动式振动台的力学分析模型,采用基于薄板系统最小势能原理的能量法(Rayleigh-Ritz法)分析和计算了振动台面的固有频率和归一化条件下的正则振型.在弹性薄板传统动力学理论分析的基础上,考虑到实际气动式振动台复杂的激励载荷--9个不同位置处气锤产生的周期性激励信号,通过推导振动台面气锤安装位置(输入)与响应位置(输出)之间的传递函数,进一步研究了振动台面的强迫振动响应,通过有限元仿真和实验验证了理论分析的正确性,旨在为整个气动式振动台的性能改善及自主研发奠定理论基础.     

温度影响下Winkler-Pasternak弹性地基上多孔FGM矩形板的自由振动分析

基于经典薄板理论和Hamilton原理研究温度影响下Winkler-Pasternak弹性地基上多孔功能梯度材料(FGM)矩形板的自由振动特性。采用Voigt混合幂率模型和孔隙任意分布模型来表征多孔FGM矩形板的材料属性,并考虑多孔FGM矩形板内部均匀温升和材料具有温度依赖特性;应用物理中面推导弹性地基上多孔FGM矩形板自由振动的控制微分方程并进行无量纲化;采用微分变换法(DTM)对无量纲控制微分方程及其边界条件进行变换,引入典型的六种边界在MATLAB统一编程且保证计算精度一致,经过迭代收敛,求解出无量纲固有频率;通过算例研究了边界条件、梯度指数、升温、孔隙率、长宽比、边厚比、无量纲弹性刚度系数和无量纲剪切刚度系数对多孔FGM矩形板振动特性的影响。     

弹性矩形薄板弯曲问题的一个解法

本文建立一个关于弹性矩形薄板弯曲的解析解法。该方法适用于求解任意荷载及边界条件下矩形薄板的弯曲问题，特别是对具有边梁支承的矩形板，更显示出特有的优越性。     

任意边界条件下矩形板薄板自由振动特性分析

提出一种基于改进傅里叶级数的方法,对矩形薄板在任意边界条件下自由振动特性进行求解。通过将薄板振动的位移函数表示成二维傅里叶余弦级数和辅助级数的线性组合,克服传统傅里叶级数法中薄板位移函数边界处不连续的缺陷;基于位移函数列出矩形薄板拉格朗日方程,然后通过Hamilton原理求解得到矩形薄板自由振动频率与相应位移函数的系数。计算结果与文献及有限元解吻合良好,方法准确可靠;此外,通过改变边界约束弹簧刚度模拟任意边界条件;大量计算表明,固支边界条件与弹性边界条件组合中,随着固支边条界范围增大,矩形薄板无量纲频率参数呈增大趋势;简支及自由边界条件与弹性边界条件组合中,随着弹性边条界的增多,矩形薄板无量纲频率参数呈增大趋势。     

热环境下混凝土矩形薄板在弹性地基上的振动

基于刚性板的小挠度理论，考虑混凝土的材料非线性，推导了双参数弹性地基上混凝土矩形薄板热弹性问题的动力方程。采用级数法，导出了热环境下双参数弹性地基上四边简支混凝土矩形薄板的固有频率计算公式和强迫振动下的挠度函数。为便于工程应用，给出了双参数弹性地基上四边简支混凝土矩形薄板在恒向变温和温度均匀变化时的固有频率和均布荷载作用下的挠度函数。针对Winlder弹性地基的情况，讨论了板的材料弹性常数、几何尺寸（长宽比）、相对厚度、刚度系数k和温度对薄板固有频率和挠度函数的影响，从而为工程结构中热环境下弹性地基上混凝土矩形薄板的振动计算提供了理论依据。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Assessment of intakes of mixtures of radionuclides

Australia has several uranium mines and a large number of mineral sand mines, with associated processing facilities. Exposures resulting from these mining and processing operations usually involve intakes of mixtures of radionuclides. This work describes the development of a suite of first order, linear compartment models, based on the ICRP Publication 66 respiratory tract model, and an analytical solution to the decay equations, for assessing the consequences of such intakes. The computer programs based on these models directly compute excretion, organ retention and organ and whole-body doses for intakes of either single radionuclides or any mixture of radionuclides belonging to the same radioactive decay chain. The intake can be via inhalation, ingestion or injection, and can be acute, chronic or of limited duration. The starting concentration and degree of secular (dis)equilibrium can be specified for each radionuclide. No assumptions need to be made about the relative magnitudes of the radioactive half-lives of the different nuclides.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Analysis of anisotropy of properties on the basis of studies of texture of coarse-grained ingots of thermoelectric materials

An analysis of anisotropy of the properties of a Bi₂Se_0.3Te_2.7 solid solution was carried out using construction of demonstrative surfaces for thermoelectric effectiveness and thermal expansion coefficients. It is shown that the texture is an important factor forming anisotropy of properties and technological fitness of ingots for manufacturing modules. Anisotropy of properties based on the studies of the ingot textures obtained using the float-zone method and Bridgman method (growing thermoelectric plates in a flat cavity) was studied.