光亮镍电镀液中丙烷磺酸吡啶翁盐的去除研究

采用紫外分光光度分析法，研究了双氧水、高锰酸钾对光亮镀镍体系中添加剂丙烷磺酸吡啶翁盐（PPS）去除的影响情况，并进一步研究了时间和添加量对活性炭吸附光亮镀镍液中PPS的影响。试验结果表明：双氧水、高锰酸钾氧化法对光亮镀镍体系中添加剂PPS的去除影响很小；活性炭吸附法对电镀液中的添加剂PPS的损失有较大影响；当PPS浓度为0．3g／L时，加入1g／L粉状活性炭最多可吸附除去0．047gPPS。     

光亮镍电镀液中丙烷磺酸吡啶鎓盐的去除研究

采用紫外分光光度分析法,研究了双氧水、高锰酸钾对光亮镀镍体系中添加剂丙烷磺酸吡啶鎓盐(PPS)去除的影响情况,并进一步研究了时间和添加量对活性炭吸附光亮镀镍液中PPS的影响.试验结果表明:双氧水、高锰酸钾氧化法对光亮镀镍体系中添加剂PPS的去除影响很小;活性炭吸附法对电镀液中的添加剂PPS的损失有较大影响;当PPS浓度为0.3 g/L时,加入1 g/L粉状活性炭最多可吸附除去0.047 gPPS.     

光亮镀镍电解液中糖精含量的分析

研究了ＰＨ值、无机盐、丁炔二醇等对光亮镀镍体系中添加剂糖精吸光度的影响，了测定糖精浓度的紫外分光光度分析法。该方法快速、准确，可用于工业光亮镀镍电解液中镀精浓度的现场分析。     

用紫外分光光度法测定光亮镀镍液中的硝酸根

利用活性炭作为吸附剂，采用紫外分光光度法不经分离直接测量光亮镀镍液中的硝酸根含量，结果表明，该方法具有简便快速、精密度高、准确度好等特点。     

ABS塑料电镀的高锰酸钾前处理工艺

传统的铬酸粗化对环境有污染.采用高锰酸钾代替铬酸粗化ABS塑料,在塑料基体上化学镀镍后电镀铜镍,讨论了粗化时间、温度和高锰酸钾浓度对化学镀镍层质量的影响,并以化学镀镍层的表面状态和结合力为评价标准,确定了高锰酸钾粗化的最佳工艺.结果表明:20 g/L高锰酸钾,粗化温度70℃,粗化时间40 min时的粗化效果最优;所得铜镍镀层光亮、均匀,达到GB/T 12610-90质量要求;高锰酸钾最佳粗化工艺下粗化效果良好,可满足生产要求,且对环境污染小,具有广阔的应用前景.     

稀土在金属表面处理工艺中的应用技术(4)——稀土添加剂对提高镀镍及镍铁合金镀层耐蚀性的影响

通过在镀液中加入稀土添加剂,获得了半光亮镀镍、光亮镀镍和镍铁合金镀层,采用显微观察贴滤纸法和5%的NaCl溶液浸泡试验考察了镀层的表面形貌、孔隙率和耐蚀性能.结果表明,加入稀土添加剂的镀镍层表面细致;镀层的孔隙率明显降低,镀镍层的耐蚀能力得到提高.     

镀镍中间体浅谈

１前言 镀镍技术的发展，主要体现在其光亮剂研究的发展。镀镍光亮剂一般分为４代，第１代以金属盐为主；第２代以１．４－丁炔二醇和糖精的结合为代表；第３代以１．４－丁炔二醇的环氧化合物及糖精为主体；第４代以吡陡衍生物和炔胺类化合物及丙炔醇衍生物的组合及柔软剂为典型代表，其中第３、４代目前使用较广泛。掌握市售的各种类型镀镍中间体的用途、用量及使用方法。对镀镍中间体进行适当组合，可以配制出性能良好的初、次级镀镍光亮剂。镀镍光亮剂的难点在于能否经得起工业化连续生产运行之考验。２光亮剂与中间体 第 ３代镀镍光亮…     

光亮镍镀液污染的净化处理

1　前　言电镀光亮镍酸性镀液在使用过程中往往被杂质所污染 ,导致镍镀层产生麻点、针孔、脱皮、粗糙、发黑、条纹等现象 ,使镀镍层内应力增大 ,结合强度和镀层耐蚀性降低 ,严重影响到镍镀层质量。究其原因 ,除镀液成分比例失调 ,工艺操作不当外 ,重要是镀液被有机杂质或无机有害金属杂质污染所致。所以 ,排除有机、无机杂质对镀镍溶液的污染 ,净化电镀镍溶液 ,对提高电镀镍镀层质量至关重要。2　有机杂质污染对镀镍液的影响(1)有机杂质污染电镀镍溶液 ,会对镍镀层产生不良影响 ,主要是使镍镀层产生麻点、针孔或结合不良以及内应力和脆性增…     

椰壳活性炭去除染料的应用研究

本文以农业废弃物椰壳为原材料,采用化学活化法制备生物炭-椰壳活性炭,利用椰壳活性炭作为吸附剂吸附去除水中阴离子染料刚果红和阳离子染料孔雀石绿,同时考察了不同因素对去除效果的影响以及最大吸附容量。结果表明:椰壳活性炭对刚果红和孔雀石绿都有很好的去除效果,去除率可达93.2%和96.5%,吸附容量可达228.1mg/g和258.6mg/g。     

超大比表面积活性炭对柴油中噻吩类硫化物的吸附性能

主要研究了超大比表面积活性炭对柴油中噻吩类硫化物的吸附性能.采用气相色谱-硫化学发光检测器(GC-SCD)分析了柴油中噻吩类硫化物的分布和浓度,测定了柴油中噻吩类硫化物在超大比表面积活性炭固定床层的吸附透过曲线,并探讨了吸附温度、床层填充高度及液相流速等对其吸附性能的影响.结果表明,柴油中噻吩类硫化物主要有苯并噻吩(BT)及其烷基衍生物(BT alkylated derivatives)和二苯并噻吩(DBT)及其烷基衍生物(DBT alkylated derivatives);活性炭床层吸附温度、填充高度和液相流速对固定床吸附透过时间均有影响.活性炭对柴油中噻吩类硫化物的吸附选择性为:BT＜BT alkylated derivatives＜DBT＜DBT alkylated derivatives;在最佳吸附条件下,每克超大比表面积活性炭能把5ml初始硫浓度为1200μg/g的柴油净化至硫含量＜5μg/g,达到"零硫"标准,此时吸附剂的工作容量达5.04mg/g.超大比表面积活性炭对柴油中大分子噻吩类硫化物具有较强的吸附性能.     

镍-铁合金镀液的转化

介绍了用高锰酸钾处理转化镍-铁合金镀液为亮镍镀液的工艺过程,结果表明,转化后的镀液澄清,试镀工件质量良好,方法简单易行,具有良好的经济性和可行性.     

镍-碳纳微米球的制备及其形成机制

由于对涂料中填料密度的进一步要求,使得低密度的填料成为研究的热点.采用可控碳化技术制备了低密度的碳球并通过化学镀膜工艺将碳球表面金属化,制备了直径为0.1～2.0 μm,密度约为1.04 g/L,球面含碳11.52%,合镍75.17%的镍-碳纳微米球.结果表明,含有-OH,C=O,-CH活性基团的纳微米碳球对于改善碳球...     

Alternative methods of phenol wastewater control

Methods for removal of phenol from large volume flow effluents by biological and chemical oxidation and adsorption are described. pH and temperature control and nutrient addition are necessary in biological systems, which may utilise trickling filters, aerated lagoons or activated sludge treatment. Adsorption by activated carbon produces the lowest level of phenol in the final effluent of all methods examined, but is the most expensive. Oxidation by chlorine is effective but needs careful control; chlorine dioxide may be an alternative. Hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate and ozone as oxidising agents have been examined. For very large effluent flows ozonation appears the least costly, use of hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate being competitive with ozone for smaller flows.     

Feasibility study for the remediation of groundwater contaminated by organolead compounds

The aim of this research was to assess the effectiveness of chemical oxidation, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) and adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) for the ex situ remediation of a groundwater contaminated by organolead compounds, including tetraethyl lead (TEL), triethyl lead (TREL) and diethyl lead (DEL). The groundwater of concern was collected from the site of a former tetraalkyllead producing company in Trento (Italy), and showed an average total organic lead (TOL) content about 95.1 microg/L (TEL 0.5 microg/L, TREL 86.4 microg/L, DEL 8.3 microg/L). The main target of the study was to find out which method was more effective in reducing the pollutant content. For this purpose, several laboratory tests were performed, including chemical oxidation tests with different reactants (hydrogen peroxide, modified Fenton's reagent, potassium permanganate, activated potassium persulfate, oxygen and combinations of potassium permanganate and modified Fenton's reagent), AOPs with ozone, UV radiation and hydrogen peroxide and filtration on granular activated carbon. A combination of chemical and physical treatments was also tested, with GAC filtration followed by chemical oxidation. According to the results achieved, the treatments which showed the best remediation performances were: chemical oxidation with modified Fenton's reagent, AOPs with hydrogen peroxide and ozone (perozone), AOPs with hydrogen peroxide and UV radiation, and the combined treatment with activated carbon filtration followed by chemical oxidation with perozone. All these treatments showed a 90% TOL removal, with excellent removals of both TEL and TREL, and final DEL concentrations below 5 microg/L.     

十二烷基硫酸钠对涤纶化学镀镍层质量的影响

为了掌握光亮剂对化学镀Ni-P层质量的影响,以次亚磷酸钠作为还原剂在pH=4～6的条件下对涤纶布进行了化学镀镍,研究表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠对涤纶白布Ni-P化学镀层质量的影响.结果表明:本工艺可以获得表面致密、光亮度较高、具有一定厚度的微黄的Ni-P镀层,获得高质量镀层的优化工艺为:11 g/L硫酸镍,15 g/L次亚磷酸钠,10 g/L柠檬酸钾,5 g/L乙酸钠,0.01 g/L十二烷基硫酸钠,温度75℃,时间25 min,pH值4～6,均匀搅拌.     

Synthesis of bulk nanocrystalline nickel by pulsed electrodeposition

Square-wave cathodic current modulation was used to produce nanocrystalline nickel electrodeposits with grain sizes in the range 40–10 nm from saccharin-containing Watts-type baths. The optimum plating conditions to synthesize nanocrystals, namely pulse on- and off-time and peak current density, as well as bath pH and temperature, were identified. At these plating conditions, the grain size of the electrodeposits was found to decrease with increasing saccharin concentration in the bath. The preferred orientation of the deposits progressively changed from a strong (2 0 0) fibre texture for a saccharin-free bath to a (1 1 1) (2 0 0) double fibre texture for a bath containing 10 gl^–1 saccharin. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the electrodeposits consist of uniform structure with narrow grain-size distribution. These deposits, as expected, were found to contain co-deposited sulphur and carbon impurities.     

铝及铝合金全光亮化学镀镍磷合金工艺优选

化学镀镶前的预处理对镀层性能非常重要,目前常用的预处理方法存在许多缺陷.为此,通过对各种预处理工艺的筛选,确定了适用于铭合金化学镀镍磷合金的条件预处理工艺并预镀中间层,然后在传统化学镀镶磷镀液中加入镀镍中间体和无机盐,组合出了一种新的全光亮化学镀镍磷合金工艺,探讨了镍液主要成分和工艺条件对沉积速度、镀层耐蚀性和外观质量...     

超滤组合工艺处理微污染水源水

采用高锰酸钾预氧化/粉末活性炭吸附/混凝气浮/超滤组合工艺处理微污染水源水,实验结果显示超滤前处理工艺对浊度、藻类、CODMn和UV254的去除率分别为91.7％、90.6％、45.90和19.2％,超滤系统对上述指标的去除率分别为98.8％、84.9％、22.4％、3.1％,对NH3 -N没有明显的去除效果.组合工艺...     

新型酸性光亮镀锡铜合金镀液中锡的测定

为消除Cu2 的干扰,防止Sn2 ,Sn4 的水解,建立了一套采用解蔽返滴定法,不经分离对新型酸性光亮镀锡铜合金镀液中的锡进行测定的分析方法.在pH值为5.5的醋酸-吡啶缓冲溶液中,用2.5 g NH4F解蔽,4滴XO、1 mL CPB指示终点,锌盐返滴定镀液中的锡.结果表明,选择3.0 mL H2O2,1.0 mL甘油,加热6 min对测定结果无影响.1.0 mL抗坏血酸,2.0 mL硫脲可掩蔽Fe3 及Cu2 的干扰.该法操作简便快速,准确度高,加标回收率达99.80%以上.适合镀锡、锡铜合金镀液中锡的测定.