用于永久性存贮器Pb(Zr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48))O_3薄膜的特性

用磁控射频溅射方法制备了Pb（Zr0．52Ti0.48）O3薄膜。研究了制膜工艺对Pb（Zr0．52Ti0．48）O3薄膜相、结晶性和铁电特性的影响。实验表明，所制备的薄膜表面致密、光滑。此Pb（Zr0.52Ti0.48）O3薄膜以钙钛矿结构为主，并具有较高的剩余极化、饱和极化和较小的矫顽场。从实验结果分析得，通过控制工艺条件所制得的单相钙钛矿型的Pb（Zr0.52Ti0.48）O3薄膜的铁电特性得到很大提高。并制备出用于永久性存贮器的优质Pb（Zr0.52Ti0.48）O3薄膜。     

纳米晶La_(1-x)Sr_xFeO_3薄膜的制备与表征

采用Sol－gel工艺在石英玻璃和硅衬底上成功地制备了纳米晶La1-xSrxFeO3（x=0～0．4）系列薄膜，薄膜为钙钛矿结构，平均粒度在30nm左右。XPS结果表明，随着Sr含量的增大薄膜表面吸附氧含量增大。     

对向靶溅射高炮和磁化强度(Fe,Ti)-N薄膜

本实验用对向靶溅射仪分别在Si（100），NaCl单晶衬底上成功地制备出具有高炮和磁化强度的（Fe，Ti）－N薄膜，研究了氮气分压和衬底温度对薄膜结构与磁性的影响。氮气分压为0．04～0．07Pa，衬底温度为100～150℃时，有利于Fe_(16)N_2相的形成，在此条件下制备的（Fe，Ti）－N薄膜的饱和磁化强度为2．3～2．46T，超过纯Fe的饱和磁化强度值。     

原位电阻法监测无限层薄膜沉积和热处理过程

用原位电阻法监测了无限层薄膜（Sr0．7Ca0．3）0．9K0．1CuO2沉积时电阻随时间（即膜厚）的变化过程，以及薄膜热处理过程中电阻随温度的变化过程。通过监测了解到氧含量在无限层薄膜中起着重要作用。沉积完毕对真空室充入0．1MPaO2时薄膜吸氧。对薄膜热处理时，薄膜吸氧或放氧发生在330℃以上。低真空条件下的热处理过程是可逆的；而在高真空条件下，薄膜在高温时分解，显示出半导体行为。该方法直观有效，也可以成为制备其他非绝缘薄膜的监测手段。     

SrTiO3(111)衬底上KTa0.65Nb0.35O3薄膜的取向生长研究

以乙酸钾、乙醇钽、乙醇铌为前驱体，在SrTiO_3（111）衬底上取向生长了KTa_（0.65）Nb_（0.35）O_3薄膜.通过DTA-TG分析，确定了预烧工艺，发现钙钛矿结构KTN在高温（＞950℃）下可分解，产生缺钾中间相K_2Ta_4O_11．单层凝胶膜预热处理（＞450℃），多层覆盖，慢速升降温（1～2℃／min），750℃保温2h，可得到晶粒大小分布均匀，平均直径约0．2μm、致密的薄膜．升高温度、延长时间，晶粒长大，甚至团聚，产生气孔、裂纹，烧结温度应控制在950℃以下．     

制氧工问题解答(两则)

<正>1．问:我厂有一台150 m3/h制氧机,是役龄20 年的老设备,最近发生氧气只有90m3/h左右,产量始终开不大,总的工况是这样的:压力P1/P2/P3为2．0/0．48~0．50/0．045~0．055 MPa,膨胀机前压力为1．8~2．0MPa;温度 T1/T2/T3为-100/-138/     

铅对(Pbx,Sr1-x)0.85Bi0.1TiO3薄膜结构与介电可调性影响的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了（Pbx，Sr1-x）0．85Bi0．1TiO3薄膜，对其晶相结构、微观形貌和介电可调性进行了研究．结果表明，该薄膜以钙钛矿形式存在．快速热处理过程可分解得到高活性离子，直接形成比相应温度平衡状态析晶时更多的晶相量．这种晶相在一定条件下有分解和再结晶的趋势．随着Pb^2＋离子增加和Sr^2＋离子减少，钙钛矿相的四方相与立方相间的转变温度升高．薄膜处在铁电相和顺电相转变点附近时，可以获得较大的可调性．     

对薄膜CrAlTi(Y)N硬度的研究

本文研究了Al靶中加入不同含量的稀土钇（Y）对CrAlTiN薄膜硬度的影响。并应用原子力显微镜（AFM）、能谱仪（EDS）、纳米压入仪、显微硬度计对薄膜样品进行分析。结果表明,CrAlTiN薄膜中稀土元素Y的加入使得灿元素单位时间内沉积量提高,CrAlTiN薄膜晶粒细化,薄膜的表面相由CrN、Cr2N向Cr逐渐变化。当Y〈0．84％时CrAlTiN薄膜的硬度随着稀土Y含量的升高而降低;当Y〉0．84％时CrAlTiN薄膜的硬度随着Y含量的升高而升高。     

Na_2Mo_(0.1)S_(0.9)O_4(α)-In_2(SO_4)_3体系的导电性、相关系与红外光谱研究

本文报道了应用X射线衍射、差热分析、IR光谱及电测量技术对Na2MO0．1S0.9O4（a）In2（SO4）3体系的研究结果，讨论了In2（SO4）3对Na2Mo0.1So0．9O4（a）的导电性及相存在形式的影响，分析了In(3 )的掺入使Na2Mo(0.1)S(0．9)O4电导率提高的原因．     

Si(111)衬底上生长的立方MgxZn1-x晶体薄膜

在国际上第一次采用电子束反应蒸发法在Si(111)衬底上生长了MgxZn1-xO晶体薄膜。能量色散X射线(EDX)特征能谱及X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明薄膜呈立方结构，薄膜的晶面取向依赖于生长温度，在200℃温度下生长得到高度(200)取向的立方MgxZn1-xO薄膜，温度过高时得到多晶薄膜。对高度(200)取向的立方MgxZn1-xO薄膜的光荧光激发谱(PLE)分析表明其光学带隙为4．20eV，相对于MgO的带隙红移量为3．50eV。XRD分析还表明立方MgxZn1-xO薄膜与MgO衬底之间的晶格失配仅为0．16％。这使得高质量立方MgxZn1-xO多量子阱材料的制备成为可能。     

La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的储氢性能研究

针对两种新型稀土型储氢合金La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2的储氢特性进行研究分析。实验表明,相同温度下,La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的PCT曲线基本重合,且都具有优良的吸氢动力学性能;相比之下,后者的滞后系数要小于前者,吸氢量较大,吸氢速率也较快,故其储氢性能较优。300次吸放氢循环实验结果表明,La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的吸氢动力学性能虽然略有下降,但抗粉化性能较好。     

Dy0.6Tb0.3Pr0.1(Fe0.95Mn0.05)x取向晶体的结构与磁致伸缩

采用Ｃｚｏｃｈｒａｌｓｋｉ方法生长了Ｄｙ０．６Ｔｂ０．３Ｐｒ０．１（Ｆｅ０．９５Ｍｎ０．０５）ｘ（１．８５≤ｘ≤１．９５）取向合金。所有合金主相为立方Ｌａｖｅｓ相结构,择优取向不完整择优取向的方向与Ｘ的大小有关。研究了沿着这些样品的生长方向的磁致伸缩性能以及磁致伸缩性能与压力之间的关系。     

Thermal Stability of Amorphous Hydride Mg_(50)Ni_(50)H_(54) and Mg_(30)Ni_(70)H_(45)

The thermal stability of amorphous ternary hydrides Mg_(50)Ni_(50)H_(54) and Mg_(30)Ni_(70)H_(45) and their corre-sponding amorphous binary alloys Mg_(50)Ni_(50) and Mg_(30)Ni_(70) were studied with X-ray diffraction(XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Samples of the amorphous alloys were preparedby mechanical alloying and the amorphous hydrides were obtained by charging the alloys with gas-eous hydrogen at 3.0 MPa and 423 K. It was found that the amorphous hydrides released most oftheir hydrogen before the crystallization of the essentially hydrogen depleted amorphous alloy. Thecrystallization temperature of amorphous Mg_(50)Ni_(50)H_(54) elevated and that of amorphousMg_(30)Ni_(70)H_(45) did not change in relation to the original binary amorphous alloy. This is very excep-tional for amorphous hydrides. The reason for the effects of hydrogen absorption/desorption on thecrystallization of amorphous alloys was discussed.     

Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu15Co2.5合金的玻璃转变温度

根据Ｚｒ６５Ａｌ７。５Ｎｉ１０Ｃｕ１５Ｃｏ２。５合金的纳米晶，晶体，液体和玻璃比热的测量结果，研究了合金的玻璃转变温度与全金的热力学函数，动力学参数以及加热速度的关系。结果表明，非晶态合金玻璃转变所需转变激活能很小，玻璃转变温度实际上是由于加热速度引起的不同状态的玻璃与液体的热力学平衡温度。     

Acousto-optic interaction in alpha-BaB(2)O(4)and Li(2)B(4)O(7) crystals

Experimental studies and analysis of acousto-optic diffraction in alpha-BaB(2)O(4) and Li(2)B(4)O(7) crystals are given. Ultrasonic wave velocity, elastic compliance and stiffness coefficients, and piezo-optic and photoelastic coefficients of alpha-BaB(2)O(4) and Li(2)B(4)O(7) crystals are determined. The acousto-optic figure of merit has been estimated for different possible geometries of acousto-optic interaction. It is shown that the acousto-optic figures of merit for alpha-BaB(2)O(4) crystals reach the value M(2)=(270 +/- 70) x 10(-15) s(3)/kg for the case of interaction with the slowest ultrasonic wave. The directions of propagation and polarization of those acoustic waves are obtained on the basis of construction of acoustic slowness surfaces. The acousto-optic diffraction is experimentally studied for alpha-BaB(2)O(4) and Li(2)B(4)O(7) crystals.     

Nanomechanical characterization of one-step combustion-synthesized Al(4)B(2)O(9) and Al(18)B(4)O(33) nanowires

Two kinds of aluminum borate nanowires, Al(4)B(2)O(9) and Al(18)B(4)O(33), were successfully synthesized by a one-step combustion method through control of the Al:B atomic ratio and synthesis temperature. Both nanowires are single crystalline but have distinguishing growth habits. Nanoindentation tests were performed directly on individual nanowires to reveal their mechanical properties. A 70% reduction in elastic modulus was found in Al(18)B(4)O(33) nanowires compared with their bulk counterpart. Al(18)B(4)O(33) nanowires exhibited higher hardness and elastic modulus than Al(4)B(2)O(9) nanowires.     

Natural Passivity of Amorphous Fe_(40)Ni_(40)P_(14)B_6 and Fe_(54.6)Ni_(38)Si_(4.1)B_(2.3)V_1 Alloys

The natural passive films forrned on Fe_(40)Ni_(40)P_(14)B_6 and Fe_(54.6)Ni_(38)Si_(4.1)B_(2.3)V_1 amorphous alloys long-term exposed in air have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron (including Ar+ ion depth profiling) spectroscopy (AES). The following aspects have been investigated: (1) chemical states of the elements in the films. binding energies and the chemical shifts measured by XPSf (2) structure and composition of the films fand (3) thickness of the passive films determined by AES depth profiling and XPS analysis.     

Plasma surface treatments of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)

The surfaces of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) were modified by oxygen and nitrogen plasma treatments. The physical and chemical surface characteristics were evaluated by contact angle tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The plasma treatments caused an increase in both contact angle and roughening, altered the surface morphology, inserted polar groups, and, consequently, enhanced the hydrophilicity for both PLLA and PHBV polymers.     

Work Functions of Pd_(83.5)Si_(16.5)and Cu_(70)Ti_(30)Glassy Alloys

The work functions before and aftercrystallization of two glassy alloys,Pd_(83.5)Si_(16.5) andCu_(70)Ti_(30) have been measured by means of the con-tact potential difference method in the secondaryelectron field at room temperature under 10~(-5) Pavacuum.The results show that the work functionsof both glassy alloys are higher than those of thecorresponding crystalline alloys.