PbF_2:Gd晶体的发光强度与发光均匀性研究

以Ｘ射线荧光光谱分析为手段,测试了用Ｂｒｉｄｇｍａｎ方法生长的ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体中Ｇｄ离子沿生长方向的分布．发现该晶体在Ｘ射线激发下的发光强度与Ｇｄ在ＰｂＦ２晶体中的含量变化均从结晶开始端至结晶结束端逐渐降低,表明ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体的发光是不均匀的,这种不均匀性源于Ｇｄ离子在ＰｂＦ２晶体中的分布不均匀性．通过在ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体中掺入一定量的碱金属离子,可以比较有效地改善Ｇｄ离子在ＰｂＦ２晶体中的不均匀分布,使晶体的发光均匀性和透光率得到明显提高,其中以Ｎａ离子的均匀化效果为最好．推测Ｎａ离子的作用是消除了ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体中因Ｇｄ离子的掺杂而造成的间隙Ｆ离子,从而使晶体中的缺陷浓度大大降低．     

用于氟化镓铟高数值孔径光纤的氟磷酸盐和氟锆酸盐和氟锆酸盐包 …

为了得到用于１．３μｍ光通讯窗口掺镨化镓铟（ＰＧＩＣＥ）高数值孔光纤，本文报道以ＺｒＦ４－ＢａＦ２－ＬａＦ３－ＡｌＦ３－Ｎａ（Ｌｉ）Ｆ－ＰｂＦ２（ＺＢＬＡＮ（Ｌｉ）Ｐｂ）和ＮａＰＯ３－ＢａＦ２－ＺｎＦ２－ＰｂＦ２（ＦＰＧ）玻璃作为包层材料，研究了芯和包层玻璃在物理性质和化学组分上的匹配性，差热扫描（ＤＳＣ）和电镜（ＳＥＭ）分析表明ＰＧＩＣＺ／ＺＢＬＡＮ（Ｌｉ）Ｐｂ虽在物理性质上匹配，但在化学组分不     

纳米PbF2的制备、物相组成和离子导电性

采用惰性气体蒸发和原位真空压结法制备了具有清洁界面的纳米ＰｂＦ２块材。通过Ｘ射线衍射、差热分析和复平面阻抗谱方法,研究了相结构、相变和离子电导率。结果表明,纳米ＰｂＦ２比粗晶ＰｂＦ２的离子电导率大幅提高,相变温度降低了３０℃。     

PbF2：Gd,Eu晶体X射线激发的发射光谱

用脱氧剂非真空环境下、Ｓｔｏｃｋｂａｒｇｅｒ方法生长未掺和掺钆和铕的、浓度范围在０．１￣０．２ｗｔ％的ＰｂＦ２：β晶体。本文报导Ｘ射线激发ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体的Ｇｄ＾３＋发射。揭示了分别来自＾６Ｐ和＾６Ｉ多重态３１２．５和２７７．４ｎｍ发射带，而＾６Ｄ→＾８Ｓ发射被点阵再吸收。＾６Ｉ的发射强度低于＾６Ｐ，说明＾６Ｐ能级优先占据。室温下以Ｘ射线激发在３６８．９和８１４．５ｎｍ之间观察到１４条Ｅｕ＾３＋     

碘化铯晶体中Ph2+基聚集相的发光性质

掺铅的碘化铯（Ｐｂ：ＣｓＩ）晶体在４００℃空气中进行热处理可以在晶体中诱导产生发光中心,这些发光中心的激发谱与Ｃｓ－Ｐｂ－Ｉ体系中一系列化合物的激子吸收谱相吻合。     

熔化过程中PbO-PbBr2-PbF2-P2O5系统玻璃成分的变化

为了研究ＰｂＯ－ＰｂＢｒ２－ＰｂＦ２－Ｐ２Ｏ５系统玻璃在熔化过程中成分的变化,本文应用定量化学分析法测出了玻璃在熔化后的成分,结果表明,ＰｂＯ－ＰｂＢｒ２－ＰｂＦ２－Ｐ２Ｏ５系统玻璃熔化时氟和磷的损失较大,铅的损失相对较小,溴的损失随配料中各元素呈的多少而变化,氧含量的受Ｐ２Ｏ４的挥发以及氧,水分与玻璃熔体中卤化物的反应程度两个因素影响,相关化学反应的热力学计算与分析结果相吻合。     

PbO-PbBr2-PbF2-P2O5系统玻璃的性质

对新研制的ＰｂＯ－ＰｂＢｒ２－ＰｂＦ２－Ｐ２Ｏ５系铅卤磷权盐玻璃的化学成分以及玻璃转变温度、密度、抗潮解性和紫外光谱等性质进行了分析。结果表明,ＰｂＯ－ＰｂＢｒ２－ＰｂＦ２－Ｐ２Ｏ５系铅卤磷酸盐玻璃具有较低的玻璃转变温度,转好的抗潮解性,密度在５．０ｇ．ｃｍ＾－３以上,并且在可见了光区域具有较好的透光经。     

PbBr2-PbCl2-PbF2-PbO-P2O5系统玻璃的热性质和化学稳定性

重点研究了ＰｂＢｒ_２－ＰｂＣｌ_２－ＰｂＦ_２－ＰｂＯ－Ｐ_２Ｏ_５系统玻璃的热性质、耐水性和抗潮解性．结果表明：该系统玻璃的热膨胀系数较大,一般在 ２５×１０^－６°Ｃ^－１左右． ＰｂＢｒ_２－ＰｂＣｌ_２－Ｐ_２Ｏ_５系统的玻璃具有较低的玻璃转变温度,可低达 １４６℃．加入 ＰｂF_２和／或 ＰｂＯ可显著提高玻璃的转变温度和密度,其中 ＰｂＯ对试样的影响更为显著． ＰｂＢｒ_２－ＰｂＣｌ_２－ＰｂＦ_２－ＰｂＯ－Ｐ_２Ｏ_５系统玻璃的抗潮解性一般较好。多数玻璃在水中的溶解速率可达１０^－５ｍｍ／ｄａｙ,具有较好的耐水性．     

熔化过程中PbO-PbBr2-PbF2-P2O5系统玻璃成分的变化

了研究ＰｂＯ－ＰｂＢｒ_２－ＰｂＦ_２－Ｐ_２Ｏ_５系统玻璃在熔化过程中成分的变化,本文应用定 量化学分析法测出了玻璃在熔化后的成分．结果表明,ＰｂＯ－ＰｂＢｒ_２－ＰｂＦ_２－Ｐ_２Ｏ_５系统玻璃熔化 时氟和磷的损失较大,铅的损失相对较小;溴的损失随配料中各元素含量的多少而变化．氧含 量的变化受Ｐ_２Ｏ_５的挥发以及氧、水分与玻璃熔体中卤化物的反应程度两个因素影响．相关化 学反应的热力学计算与分析结果相吻合．     

电镀锌钢板黑变膜的组成及影响因素

采用ＸＰＳ、小角度ＸＲＤ、ＡＥＥ等测试手段对黑变膜的组成及影响因素进行了分析研究，确认ＰｂＦｅ６Ｏ１０、ＰｂＯ２等赤黑变膜重要存在形式，铅、铁离子的存在对黑变膜有很大影响。     

Pr3+/Yb3+ 共掺氟锆酸盐玻璃的热分析

在对不同ＰｂＦ２呈的Ｐｒ＾３＋／Ｙｂ＾３＋共拓的ＺＢＬＡＰＮ玻璃的差热分析后同烧结发现含ＰｂＦ２大于４．５％后，差热曲线上的析晶峰出现分裂，经扫描电镜分析，含铜量高的玻璃中出现了分相，各相所含铅量不同，这引起玻璃热稳定下降。     

氟化物对氟锆酸盐玻璃性质的影响

氟锆酸盐玻璃是一种性质优良的光学材料．本文系统地研究了PbF₂、LiF、SrF₂、HfF₄、NaF和YF₃等氯化物对氟锆酸盐玻璃的折射率n_D、玻璃的形成能力和热膨胀系数α的影响．研究结果表明：PbF₂和LiF能增大玻璃的折射率,SrF和HfF₄能降低玻璃的折射率．根据玻璃的DTA曲线,确定了它们的最佳用量范围,在这一浓度范围内,玻璃的形成能力很好．     

Upconversion luminescence of Er3+ in transparent SiO2—PbF2—ErF3 glass ceramics

Oxyfluoride glasses with the composition 50SiO2 · 50PbF2 · xErF3 (x=4 and 5) by molar ratio were developed. Transparent glass ceramics were obtained by heat-treating the 50SiO2 · 50PbF2 · xErF3 glasses at the first crystallization temperatures. X-ray diffraction analysis of the transparent glass ceramics revealed that fluorite type -PbF2:Er3+ solid solution regions of about 13.0 nm in diameter are precipitated in the glass matrix. The formation of this -PbF2:Er3+ solid solution was also supported by Eu3+ fluorescence spectra which were measured on specimens in which Eu substituted for Er. Under 800 nm laser excitation, the Er3+ upconversion luminescence of 50SiO2 · 50PbF2 · xErF3 glasses was barely detectable, but the 50SiO2 · 50PbF2 · xErF3 glass ceramics gave Er3+ upconversion luminescence at a very high efficiency. The reason for the highly efficient Er3+ upconversion luminescence in the 50SiO2 · 50PbF2 · xErF3 glass ceramics can be explained in terms of the very small multiphonon relaxation rates that are anticipated from consideration of the Eu3+ emission spectra.     

氟化铅晶体中的散射颗粒

本文根据光学微镜观察、电子探针和扫描电镜的ＥＤＳ成分分析,首次确定存在于氟化铅晶体中的散射颗粒为金属铅,其形态具有从无规则形向菱形多面体逐渐演化的特征,这些颗粒中总有一个比较平直的表面与氟化铅晶体的（１００）面相平行,推测它们的形成经历了金属铅的还原、熔体的包裹,定向成核和固化等过程。     

纳米PbF2的介电性能

采用惰性气体蒸发和原位压结法制备了具有清洁界面的纳米PbF2块材.通过X射线衍射和介电测量,研究了物相组成、介电性能与频率和温度的关系.探讨了退火处理对试样物相组成和介电性能的影响.     

Diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectra and high-temperature DRIFT spectra of beta-Ni(IO3)2.4H2O, Ni(IO3)2.2H2O, Mg(OH)2, and Zn(OH)F: novel embedding materials

Diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectra of the hydroxides Mg(OH)2 and Zn(OH)F and the iodate hydrates beta-Ni(IO3)2.4H2O and Ni(IO3)2.2H2O have been recorded at ambient and high temperature. Spectra without shifts of the band maxima compared to those of conventional infrared transmission spectra and without inversion of the bands were obtained by dilution of the compounds to about 2-10% with an appropriate embedding material. alpha-Al2O3, TiO2, ZrO2, PbF2, MgO, BaO, ZnO, Na2SiO3, SiO2 (aerosil), and powdered copper, aluminum, and magnesium were tested as diluents for hydrates and hydroxides, especially at elevated temperatures, as alternatives for the commonly used KBr. Thus, alpha-Al2O3, PbF2, and powdered copper were established as the most favorable diluents. Using these novel embedding materials, high-temperature DRIFT spectra are obtainable at temperatures not accessible with KBr discs. Dehydration and decomposition of the iodate hydrates under study were shown by change or disappearance of the respective water bands.     

氟化铅晶体的生长与Cherenkov辐射特性

采用脱氧剂非真空坩下降法生长出的大尺寸ＰｂＦ２晶体具有优异的Ｃｈｅｒｅｎｋｏｖ辐射特性,其透光截止波长最短可达２４５ｎｍ,能量分辨率优于３．２％／√Ｅ,辐照损伤很弱,用３６５ｎｍ的过滤光漂白后,透光能力几乎可以完全恢复到辐照之前的水平。     

Refractive-index dispersion for BaF2-GdF3-ZrF4-AlF3 glasses

Refractive-index dispersion measurements were performed on bulk specimens of 2-, 4-, or 6-mol % AlF(3) doped 33BaF(2)-4GdF(3)-63ZrF(4) (mol %) glass and 4-mol % LiF, CsF, YF(3), CdF(2), SnF(2), or PbF(2) doped 31.68BaF(2)-3.84GdF(3)-60.48ZrF(4)-4AIF(3) (mol %) glass in the wavelength region from 0.4047 to 5.3036 microm. The material dispersion curve and zero material dispersion wavelength were estimated on the basis of refractive- index dispersion measurements. The slope of the material dispersion curve for these fluoride glasses was less steep than that for SiO2 glass in the wavelength range estimated. The zero material wavelength lambda(0) shifted to a shorter wavelength with increasing AlF3 concentration. The lambda(0) is 1.675 microm for 31.68BaF(2)- 3.84GdF(3)-60.48ZrF(4)-4AlF(3) (mol %) glass. When 4-mol % LiF, CsF, YF(3), CdF(2), SnF(2), or PbF(2) were doped into these glasses, each lambda(0) shifted from 1.675 to 1.670, 1.668, 1.673, 1.681, 1.683, or 1.704 microm, respectively. The temperature dependence values of the refractive-index dispersion and material dispersion for 31.68BaF(2)-3.84GdF(3) -60.48ZrF(4)-4AIF(3) (mol %) glass were also obtained. The temperature coefficients of the refractive index were negative values (dn/dT(relative) = -1.0 X 10(-5)/degrees C) and the wavelength dependence of dn/dT was small. The wavelength lambda(0) shifted from 1.675 to 1.605 microm, due to the rise in the measurement temperature from 25 degrees C to 250 degrees C.