汽车车架阴极电泳涂装的工艺与设备

以一条汽车车架阴极电泳涂装的自行小车输送涂装生产线为例,论述了涂装前未除锈、未除去氧化皮的汽车车架阴极电泳涂装生产线的工艺处理过程和条件,提出了车架表面氧化皮的超声波酸洗除锈工艺;阐述了生产线的设备选型原则、设备组成和布置;探讨了生产线设计方面应注意的问题.     

家用电器壳体阴极电泳涂装生产线涂装工艺

介绍了家用电器壳体阴极电泳涂装生产线的涂装工艺,重点介绍了阴极电泳涂装特殊工艺的要求,对于阴极电泳涂装技术在家电行业中的应用具有一定指导意义。     

七○七所家用洗衣机壳体阴极电泳涂装生产线通过鉴定

１９９９年６月２９日,由天津市科委组织、天津市国防科工办主持的中船总第七研究院第七○七所研制的家用洗衣机壳体阴极电泳涂装生产线在无锡通过专家会议鉴定。家用洗衣机壳体阴极电泳涂装生产线是七○七所为满足小天鹅股份有限公司和博西威家用电器有限公司的要求,自行设计、制造的自动化生产线。该线工艺技术先进,设计配套合理,涂膜质量好,涂料利用率高,生产安全,维护方便,工作环境良好。自１９９６年投产以来,设备运行正常,工艺参数稳定。该生产线首批涂装工件经德国西门子总公司检验,完全达到标准要求,德方面专家现场考核…     

一次阴极电泳涂装故障的排除

本厂采用黑色阴极电泳漆进行汽车灯具和各种结构件的底漆涂装 ,涂装质量稳定。最近大工件涂装后 ,涂层出现局部堆积现象 ,严重影响了产品质量。针对以上现象 ,认为原因可能有 :前处理、电泳槽液、涂装设备 (烘道、吊具、悬链 )等。取少量槽液实验 ,将生产线上经过前处理工件取下 ,在实验室的小槽电泳 ,工件未出现堆积现象 ,质量合格。可以排除前处理和槽液问题。仔细观察发现吊具板上有水滴 ,在工件入电泳槽时 ,由于入槽时轨道呈 30°～ 4 5°的斜坡 ,水滴汇集并滴落在工件表面 ,跟踪观察工件的滴水部位的电泳。发现湿膜在滴水部位堆积 ,做…     

重型卡车驾驶室连续式阴极电泳装置的要求

介绍了重型卡车涂装生产线的阴极电泳工艺流程、设备安装、调试过程,并指出了电泳生产过程中出现的问题和解决方案.     

汽车车身阴极电泳涂装工艺控制要点

论述了电泳涂装前处理、电泳涂装、电泳后清洗、电泳涂膜的烘干等汽车车身阴极电泳涂装工艺及正常生产时阴极电泳涂装生产现场和电泳槽液的控制要点.     

阴极电泳涂装技术的发展

在扼要分析阴极电泳涂装原理的基础上，重点介绍了阴极电泳涂料的组成及其发展趋势，探讨了前处理及电泳工艺参数对阴极电泳质量的影响，并展望了阴极电泳涂装技术发展的方向。     

细菌孳生对阴极电泳系统的危害及防治方法

在生产中阴极电泳生产线经常出现持续的电泳膜层增厚、外观粗糙等问题,造成电泳打磨返工量增加,电泳漆消耗量上升,从而影响到面漆后的外观质量.经过对电泳槽化学参数、电泳物理参数以及油漆材料的质量、细菌的检测分析发现,电泳系统孳生了细菌的生长,使得阴极电泳涂装生产线出现电泳漆膜外观粗糙、膜层增厚等问题.通过增设去离子水装置以及紫外线杀菌装置,定期投加杀菌剂,电泳漆ED5用磺酸代替乳酸,ED6用无机酸代替有机酸,有效地防止了细菌的生长.经过改进,电泳漆膜各项性能达到质量要求,面漆外观质量得到了提高.     

自泳涂装工艺及应用

自泳涂装是通过化学反应在钢铁基材表面形成漆膜的一种涂装方式.介绍了自泳涂装的反应机理及涂装工艺,通过与阴极电泳的比较分析了自泳涂装的漆膜性能及优缺点,认为自泳涂装可在一定范围内替代阴极电泳.     

磷化膜与阴极电泳涂膜的配套性研究

为解决汽车阴极电泳涂装的质量问题，探索了磷化膜在阴极电泳涂装过程中的微观变化及其对涂层性能的影响；研究了磷化膜结构及组成（Ｐ比）对阴极电泳涂膜性能的影响，获得了评价磷化膜与阴极电泳涂膜配套性的最有效的方法。     

新型汽车车箱涂装线的工艺设计及应用

详细介绍了新型汽车车箱涂装线的工艺设计、设备选型及生产应用.新型涂装线在设计上考虑了大车型、高产量、多品种的通性及人们对涂装产品越来越高的质量要求,运用了先进的涂装技术,尤其在涂装设备及材料的选型方面,更是体现了高自动化、易管理维护的现代化生产特点,从而在生产应用中实现了高质量、低能耗、低污染的运行模式,展现了新型汽车车箱涂装线的独特风格.     

冷柜箱体粉末涂装线的技术改造

根据某冷柜厂产品特点及生产实际情况,对其原有洗衣机粉末涂装线依据冷柜箱体涂装的技术特点进行改造,详细介绍了冷柜粉末涂装的工艺及设备设计参数,重点阐述了前处理设备、水分烘干、粉末固化并体炉、喷粉系统、悬挂输送机和电气控制系统的改造方案.改进、调试后的涂装线很好地满足了生产要求.     

改性环氧腻子型阳极屏涂料

研制了一种８７０２－４环氧腻子型阳极屏涂料,这是在８７０２－３环氧腻子型阳极屏涂料的基础上改性而成的。以固化性、稳定性及柔韧性好的单一固化剂替代稳定性欠佳的复合型固化剂,从而提高了涂层与钢板的附着力与防腐性;加入少量的有机氮碱,提高了涂料的中层稳定性和涂料的柔韧性;加入泡状超细云母粉,提高了涂层的绝缘性和耐阴极剥离性。     

Optical monitoring of thin film properties using in-situ measurement of transmittance and reflectance

Having a good reproducibility and uniformity of the coating properties is a mutual challenge for all coating processes. To face this challenge adequately, it is not only necessary to have accurate control of the coating process but also to have the capability to monitor the optical properties of the coating layers during or directly after deposition. Especially in sensitive multi-layer products produced by large area coating technology, small uniformity variations may give rise to a variation in the visual appearance or other deviations from the product requirements. It becomes necessary to monitor the individual layer thicknesses, requiring sensitive and accurate optical measurement techniques that offer nanoscale precision over large areas. This demand for sensitivity and accuracy puts a strain on the limits of existing in-line measurement capability. The objective of this paper is to discuss some of the measurement problems and give practical solutions to improve accuracy and repeatability of in-situ transmittance and reflectance measurements for optical monitoring of thin film properties.     

Inline‐Analyse hoher Präzision an photovoltaischen Schichtsystemen mittels RFA

In‐line analysing of photovoltaic layers with high precision by X‐ray fluorescence The effective control of coating process requires to ascertain online information on the current coating thickness and the stoichiometry. New instruments for energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF) allow to measure single‐, multi‐ or alloy layers in the thickness range from 20 nm to 50 μm on different substrates (metal, plastics). It is necessary to design an optimal route of the X‐ray line. To reach a maximum measuring effect it is possible to minimize the statistical error for a short measuring period. Observing the condition of a real coating process is important to guarantee the measuring parameters over the whole operation period. A special protection system for each measuring unit against the process influences has to build up. Some design rules for construction and the software are discussed. Real measuring unit is shown.     

Assembly systems layout design model for delayed products differentiation

Frequently changing customers’ needs and market pressures motivate manufacturers to offer a wide variety of their products. Poor demand prediction and increased manufacturing complexities and managerial burdens are just a few symptoms of products variety proliferation. Applying a postponement strategy is an effective method for mitigating the complexities arising due to increased products variety and customisation. Delayed product differentiation (DPD) is a prerequisite for applying form postponement strategies, where the unique features that distinguish each product are added at the final stages of production. This paper introduces an innovative design methodology to derive and represent an assembly line schematic layout for delayed products differentiation. The proposed methodology incorporates product commonality analysis and feasible assembly sequences to synthesise the assembly line layout in a single integrated logical design framework, without pre-defining either the number or the positions of differentiation points along the line. Products commonality analysis is performed using cladistics techniques commonly used for biological classification. The classical cladistics was modified to take into consideration the precedence constraints, which are required to ensure the feasibility of assembly sequences. Real product variants are used to validate the proposed DPD assembly line layout design methodology and demonstrate its merits.     

基于SLP和Em-plant的变速器装配线规划研究

以汽车变速器装配线为研究对象,用SLP理论和Em-plant仿真相结合的方法进行变速器装配线规划,以缩短设计周期,提高设计质量.以长城汽车变速器装配线的设计规划过程为例,首先用SLP理论对装配线的主线体以及外围物流通道进行规划,然后用Em-plant仿真软件对规划的线体进行仿真验证,进一步平衡各工位.结果显示装配线的线体布置和物流通道合理,工位之间的平衡性高.由此可以得出,用SLP理论和Em-plant仿真相结合的方法进行变速器装备线的设计规划,条理性强,能够兼顾线体物流和平衡性两方面的要求,能够提高我国变速器装配线的设计水平.     

工业炸药裹包装置上翻包机构的图解法设计

使用图解法对工业炸药中包包装线上裹包装置中的翻包机构进行了设计。在介绍了问题的背景后,使用图解法首先确定气缸的行程及其规格,然后通过从一边试探的方式,三次试探就得到了问题的解答。研究表明,这种图解法对该类带气缸的连杆机构设计具有普遍的借鉴意义。     

Fluidized Bed Coating Technique for Production of Sustained Release Granules

Abstract

A laboratory-scale instrument for fluid-bed spray coating of granules has been constructed. Its major advantage is its suitability for development work on small batches of granules or tablets of between 50 and 300 grams. Commercial equipment available at present requires minimum loadings of 0.5-1 Kg. for effective operation.

The instrument has been successfully used for producing sustained-release products by coating granules of model drugs with EC, and data are presented which define important qualities of the products. In particular, the apparatus is capable of giving excellent batch homogeneity and reproducibility.

One of the recent successful developments in pharmaceutical technology is the production of sustained-release dosage forms. The two main approaches utilized in the design of these products are (a) the introduction of a physical barrier preventing contact between the drug and the fluids of the digestive system, the effect of which is to reduce the rate of diffusion or leaching out of the drug from the dosage form (b) the addition of selected interactants to the formulation, such as ion-exchange resins or complexants, which form weak cnemical bonds with the drug.

The present work is concerned with the first type of product which in practice may be produced using widely different technologies. The main ones are based on (a) coating techniques (b) embedding the drug in a wax or polymer matrix. Prior to 1956, coating was performed by means of the classical rotating pan-method, but in that year Spaulding (1) introduced a controlled spray technique for application of the coating solution to the pan contents, termed the rotating pan-spray technique.

A new and major step in coating technology was the introduction into pharmaceutical manufacturing of the fluidized-bed technique. The term “fluidized-bed” has been defined in a number of ways (2-4); most simply, when a solid is “fluidized” in a process, it shows in its behaviour many of the physical characteristics of a liquid.

In pharmaceutical production, fluidization methods are utilized in stages of drying (5-6), granulation (7) and coating (8-9). As a coating technique, its main advantages over the pan-coating method are as follows:

a) irregular particles may be coated directly, b) loss of material is small, c) the process may be automated and does not require learning the “art” of coating, d) it is very rapid.

The present work is a study of the preparation of sustained-release granules coated by means of the fluid-bed technique. Salicylic acid and caffeine were selected as model drugs, while ethyl cellulose (EC) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) were representative of coating materials.