基于平衡搜索策略的多目标粒子群优化算法*

鉴于平衡全局和局部搜索在多目标粒子群优化算法获取完整均匀Pareto最优前沿方面的重要性,设计平衡全局和局部搜索策略,进而提出改进的多目标粒子群优化算法(bsMOPSO).文中策略在局部搜索方面设计归档集自挖掘子策略,通过对归档集中均匀分布的部分粒子进行柯西扰动,使归档集涵盖整个前沿面的局部搜索.在全局搜索方面设计边界最优粒子引导搜索子策略,以边界最优粒子替换部分粒子的全局最优解,引导粒子向各维目标的边界区域搜索.选取4种对比算法在ZDT和DTLZ系列的部分测试函数上进行实验,结果表明bsMOPSO具有更快的Pareto最优前沿收敛效率和更好的分布性.     

基于自适应学习的多目标粒子群优化算法

将进化算法应用于某些多目标优化问题时,采用增加种群规模和进化代数的方法往往耗费大量的目标函数计算开销,且达不到提高种群进化效率的目的,为此提出了一种基于自适应学习最优搜索方向的多目标粒子群优化算法。采用自适应惯性权值平衡算法的全局和局部搜索能力,采用聚类排挤方法保持Pareto非支配解集的分布均匀性,使用最近邻学习方法为每个粒子在Pareto非支配解集中寻找一个最优飞行目标来提高其收敛速度并保持粒子群搜索方向的多样性。实验结果表明,提出的算法可在显著地降低函数评估成本的前提下实现快速的搜索,并使粒子群均匀地逼近Pareto最优面。     

改进的约束多目标粒子群算法

在约束优化问题搜索空间分析的基础上提出了一种改进的约束多目标粒子群算法（CMOPSO）。提出一种动态ε不可行度许可约束支配关系作为主要约束的处理方法,提高了算法的边缘搜索能力和跨越非联通可行区域的能力。设计了一种新的密集距离度量方法用于外部档案维护,提高了算法的效率;提出了新的全局向导选取策略,使算法获得了更好的收敛性和多样性。数值仿真实验结果表明约束多目标粒子群算法算法可得到分布性、均匀性及逼近性都较好的Pareto最优解。     

基于粗糙集理论与差分进化的混合多目标优化算法

针对传统算法求解约束多目标优化所得近似解精度不高、分布性能不好的问题,提出一种基于粗糙集理论与差分进化的混合算法.首先利用多目标差分进化生成一个初始的近似 Pareto 前沿;然后利用粗糙集理论提高Pareto 前沿的分布质量.选取一组标准的多目标约束测试问题,采用混合算法与 NSGA-II 算法进行仿真求解,对比结果表明,所提出的算法在求解约束多目标优化问题时具有更好的近似解分布和更优越的近似解性能.     

基于改进粒子群优化算法的约束多目标优化

针对约束多目标优化问题,提出一种改进的粒子群优化算法,采用距离量度和自适应惩罚函数相结合的约束处理技术,通过可行解比例有效均衡目标函数和约束条件,提高算法的边界搜索能力。定义新的k最近邻聚集密度,保持解集分布性,并将聚集密度和轮盘赌选择相结合选取全局最优粒子。仿真结果表明,该算法在Pareto解集均匀性及逼近性方面均具有优势。     

基于Q学习的多任务多目标粒子群优化算法

多任务粒子群优化算法(multi-task particle swarm ptimization, MTPSO)通过知识迁移学习,具有快速收敛能力,广泛应用于求解多任务多目标优化问题.然而, MTPSO难以根据种群进化状态自适应调整优化过程,容易陷入局部最优,收敛性能较差.针对此问题,利用强化学习的自我进化与预测能力,提出一种基于Q学习的多任务多目标粒子群优化算法(QM2PSO).首先,设计粒子群参数动态更新方法,利用Q学习方法在线更新粒子群算法的惯性权重和加速度参数,提高当前粒子收敛到Pareto前沿的能力;其次,提出基于柯西分布的突变搜索策略,通过全局和局部交替搜索多任务最优解,避免算法陷入局部最优;最后,设计基于正向迁移准则的知识迁移方法,采用Q学习方法更新知识迁移率,改善知识负迁移现象.与已有经典算法的对比实验结果表明所提出的QM2PSO算法具有更优越的收敛性.     

一种基于粒子群算法求解约束优化问题的混合算法

通过将粒子群算法(PSO)与差别进化算法(DE)相结合，提出一种混合算法PSODE，用于求解约束优化问题．PSODE是在PSO算法中适当引入不可行解，将粒子群拉向约束边界，加强对约束边界的搜索，同时与DE算法结合以加强搜索能力．基于典型高维复杂函数的仿真表明，该算法简单高效，鲁棒性强．     

基于决策者偏好区域的多目标粒子群算法研究*

多目标优化问题中,决策者往往只对目标空间的某一区域感兴趣,因此需要在这一特定的区域能够得到比较稠密的Pareto解,但传统的方法却找出全部的Pareto前沿,决策效率不高。针对该问题,给出了基于决策者偏好区域的多目标粒子群优化算法。它只求出与决策者偏好区域相关的部分Pareto最优集,从而减少了进化代数,加快收敛速度,有利于决策者进行更有效的决策。算法把解与偏好区域的距离作为影响引导者选择和剪枝策略的一个因素,运用格栅方法实现解在Pareto边界分布的均匀性。仿真结果表明该算法是有效的。     

均衡分布性和收敛性的多目标粒子群优化方法

粒子群优化（PSO）算法是一种基于群体演化且非常有效的求解多目标优化问题的方法,但因经典算法中粒子进化存在趋同性导致算法易陷入局部Pareto最优前沿,使得解集收敛性和分布性不理想。为此提出了一种均衡分布性和收敛性的多目标粒子群优化（DWMOPSO）算法,算法中每个粒子根据自身在进化过程中记忆的个体最好适应度值构建进化速度,由进化速度的快慢动态调整各粒子惯性权重,增加粒子的多样性,从而提高粒子跳出局部最优解的概率。通过在5个标准测试函数上进行仿真实验,结果表明,与Coello的多目标粒子群优化(MOPSO)算法相比,DWMOPSO算法获得的解集在与真实解集的逼近性和解集的分布性两个方面都有了很大的提高。     

基于多区域采样策略的混合粒子群优化求解多目标柔性作业车间调度问题

柔性作业车间调度问题（FJSP）是一类应用广泛的组合优化问题。针对多目标FJSP求解过程复杂、算法易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了一种基于多区域采样策略的混合粒子群优化算法（HPSO-MRS）,以同时优化最大完工时间和总机器延迟时间这两个目标。多区域采样策略能够区分粒子所在Pareto前沿面的位置,根据不同区域进行采样重组,并为采样后位于Pareto前沿面多个区域的粒子规划相应的运动方向,从而有针对性地调整粒子在多个方向上的收敛能力,并带来一定程度的均匀分布能力的提升。此外,编解码方面使用带插空机制的解码策略来消除可能存在的局部左移;粒子更新方面将传统粒子群优化（PSO）算法的粒子更新方式与遗传算法（GA）的交叉变异算子相结合,提升了算法搜索过程的多样性并避免算法陷入局部最优。把所提算法在Benchmark问题Mk01~Mk10上进行测试,与传统的HPSO、NSGA-Ⅱ、基于适应度分配策略的多目标进化算法（SPEA2）和基于分解的多目标进化算法（MOEA/D）进行算法效力和运行效率对比。显著性分析的实验结果表明,HPSO-MRS在收敛性评价指标HV和IGD上分别在85%和77.5%的对照组中显著优于对比算法,而该算法在35%的对照组中的分布性指标Spacing显著优于对比算法,且均不存在所提算法显著差于对比算法的情况。可见相较于对比算法,所提出的算法具备较好的收敛与分布性能。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~