基于改进遗传算法的模糊控制器设计

针对模糊控制器的隶属度函数和模糊控制规则的选取及优化缺乏自学习能力与知识采集的手段,以及遗传算法具有自适应、启发式、概率性、迭代式全局收敛的特点,该文章将遗传算法与模糊控制相结合,给出了一种基于改进遗传算法的模糊控制器设计策略.改进算法引入了分裂算子来避免遗传算法在寻优过程中陷入局部最优解,同时对编码方式、选择算子、交叉算子以及变异算子做了相应的调整与改进.并将此改进算法用于优化模糊控制器的隶属度函数与模糊控制规则.仿真结果表明用该改进算法优化后的模糊控制器较用普通遗传算法优化后的模糊控制器具有更好的控制性能.     

一种新的调节交叉和变异概率的自适应算法

提出一种新的基于模糊控制策略的交叉和变异概率自适应调节算法.该算法以相邻两代群体之间平均适应度函数和标准差的差值作为输入,以交叉和变异概率的变化量作为输出.并提出了与输入相对应的自适应归一化算子以及新的基于启发式知识的模糊规则,用于交叉和变异概率的调节.对3种不同测试函数的数值仿真研究表明,与其他2种自适应模糊控制算法相比,该调节算法可使遗传算法具有更快的搜索速度和更高的搜索质量.     

嵌套式模糊自适应遗传算法

针对简单遗传算法(SGA)收敛速度慢和早熟收敛现象,将模糊逻辑理论应用于遗传算法,并采用两级嵌套的遗传算法,随主遗传算法GA1求解优化问题的进化进程用模糊控制的方法自适应地调整遗传算法的交叉概率和变异概率;利用另一个遗传算法GA2优化模糊规则库,实现了一种嵌套式模糊自适应遗传算法(NFAGA)。仿真结果表明,这种算法的全局搜索收敛速度和解的质量明显优于SGA和一般的自适应遗传算法(AGA)。     

求解矩形布局问题的自适应算法

矩形布局问题属于NP-Hard 问题,其求解算法多为启发式算法。该文侧重 于构造布局求解算法中定位函数（规则）的优化,将模拟退火算法的思想融入到遗传算法中, 提出了求解矩形布局问题的自适应算法,其利用自适应交叉、变异及接收劣质解的概率等方 法对定位函数中各参数进行优化。算法通过两种方式确定初始种群的数目,具有较强的适应 性。在算法搜索的后期,利用差异性较大的个体进行交叉操作,从而保持种群的多样性。最 后通过实例证明了该算法能够很好的应用于矩形布局问题的求解。     

基于遗传算法的可扩展应用层组播树构建

在应用层组播中,为降低节点的路径延时,通常采用遗传算法和启发式算法来减小组播树直径的方法,但在组播树具有大规模节点数时,遗传算法收敛时间长,而采用启发式算法难以在有约束条件下达到全局最优.本文在具有超节点的双层应用层组播模型基础上,提出了利用遗传算法构建出度受限最小带权路径延时生成树（MWPL-DC-ST）的生成算法GA-MWPL-DC-ST,利用该算法可在超节点上对双层组播树进行分布式构建,从而将求最优解问题的巨大计算量分担到多个超节点上.算法中的初始化、杂交和变异阶段采用启发式算法,对变异参数进行适应性调整,加快了算法的收敛速度.仿真试验表明,本文提出的双层应用层组播模型和GA-MWPL-DC-ST算法能得到比启发式算法更优的解,与采用单层模型的遗传算法相比较,显著降低了算法收敛时间,解决了遗传算法构建有大规模节点数的应用层组播树的可扩展性问题.     

一类Takagi-Sugeno模糊控制器的自适应遗传优化设计

提出了一类Takagi-Sugeno模糊控制器的自适应遗传优化设计方法。采用实数编码方式,并由自适应交叉和变异概率来控制遗传操作,有效地提高了参数优化的精度和算法的寻优效率。在优化过程中引入对称性参数约束条件,大大减小了算法的搜索空间。将该算法用于倒立摆T-S模糊控制器的设计,实现了控制器参数的快速自动整定。仿真结果表明,获得的T-S模糊控制器具有优良的性能。     

模糊自适应遗传算法及其性能分析

遗传算法是应用比较广泛的一种随机优化算法,而交叉和变异是两个关键操作,本文针对遗传算法在应用过程中叉交概率和变异概率所存在的问题提出一种模糊自适应遗传算法,新算法利用模糊系统技术来自适应估计交叉概率和变异概率,最后,通过多峰函数优化问题的仿真结果证明了算法的实用性和有效性。     

Tuning of a neuro-fuzzy controller by genetic algorithm

Due to their powerful optimization property, genetic algorithms (GAs) are currently being investigated for the development of adaptive or self-tuning fuzzy logic control systems. This paper presents a neuro-fuzzy logic controller (NFLC) where all of its parameters can be tuned simultaneously by GA. The structure of the controller is based on the radial basis function neural network (RBF) with Gaussian membership functions. The NFLC tuned by GA can somewhat eliminate laborious design steps such as manual tuning of the membership functions and selection of the fuzzy rules. The GA implementation incorporates dynamic crossover and mutation probabilistic rates for faster convergence. A flexible position coding strategy of the NFLC parameters is also implemented to obtain near optimal solutions. The performance of the proposed controller is compared with a conventional fuzzy controller and a PID controller tuned by GA. Simulation results show that the proposed controller offers encouraging advantages and has better performance.     

自适应激素调节遗传算法

基于生物内分泌系统的激素调节原理,提出了一种新的自适应遗传算法。该算法以内分泌激素调节的Hill函数下降形式为基础,设计了自适应交叉算子和自适应变异算子,使交叉率和变异率在遗传算法迭代过程中,能够根据各代种群多样性的变化进行自适应调节,在整个进化过程中将种群多样性维持在合理水平。4种测试函数及三维人脑图像分割的实验结果显示,提出的自适应遗传算法可较好地保持种群多样性并克服早熟现象,性能优于其他两种自适应遗传算法及传统遗传算法。     

基于标准差的自适应激素调节遗传算法

基于生物内分泌系统的激素调节原理,提出了一种新的自适应遗传算法。该算法以内分泌激素调节的H ill函数下降形式为基础,设计了自适应交叉算子和自适应变异算子,使交叉率和变异率在遗传算法迭代过程中,能够根据函数适应度值的标准差进行自适应调节,使得整个进化过程中将种群多样性维持在合理水平,从而保证算法的正常进化。4种测试函数及三维人脑图像分割的实验结果显示,提出的自适应遗传算法可较好地保持种群多样性并克服早熟现象,性能优于其他3种自适应遗传算法及传统遗传算法。     

基于改进遗传算法的磨煤机模糊控制系统

针对火电厂制粉系统中的钢球磨煤机由于具有纯滞后、大惯性、数学模型难以建立等特点采用数值型模糊控制器,使用伪并行遗传算法对其调整因子、量化殷子和比例因子进行优化,提出了一种适用于多变量对象的适应度函数,同时对交叉和变异算子进行分析和改进,仿真实验结果表明经过优化的模糊控制器具有较好的鲁棒性和抗干扰性。     

Selection of Heterogeneous Fuzzy Model Ensembles Using Self-adaptive Genetic Algorithms

The problem of model selection to compose a heterogeneous bagging ensemble was addressed in the paper. To solve the problem, three self-adapting genetic algorithms were proposed with different control parameters of mutation, crossover, and selection adjusted during the execution. The algorithms were applied to create heterogeneous ensembles comprising regression fuzzy models to aid in real estate appraisals. The results of experiments revealed that the self-adaptive algorithms converged faster than the classic genetic algorithms. The heterogeneous ensembles created by self-adapting methods showed a very good predictive accuracy when compared with the homogeneous ensembles obtained in earlier research.     

一个解决集合覆盖问题的二阶段遗传算法

针对集合覆盖问题,提出一个高效的可解决大规模数据的二阶段遗传算法.二阶段遗传算法可以分为数据约简阶段和启发式求解阶段,论文形式化地描述了数据约简阶段的相关定义、定理和算法,证明了该约简方法的有效性;并给出了启发式求解阶段中针对集合覆盖问题的遗传算法中选择、交叉、变异算子的设计方法.对Beasley提出的45个测试用例的测试结果验证了二阶段遗传算法的求解效率和求解质量高于其它遗传算法.     

柔性作业车间调度问题的多目标优化算法

柔性作业车间调度问题具有解集多样化与解空间复杂的特点,传统多目标优化算法求解时容易陷入局部最优且丢失解的多样性。在建立以最大完工时间、最大能耗、机器总负荷为优化目标的柔性作业车间调度模型的情况下,提出一种改进的非支配排序遗传算法（Improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, INSGA-II）求解该模型。INSGA-II算法先将随机式初始化与启发式初始化方法混合,提高种群多样性;然后对工序部分与机器部分采用针对性的交叉、变异策略,提高算法全局搜索能力;最后设计自适应的交叉、变异算子以兼顾算法的全局收敛与局部寻优能力。在mk01～mk07标准数据集上的实验结果显示INSGA-II算法有着更优的算法收敛性与解集多样性。     

Development of a genetic algorithm for component placement sequence optimization in printed circuit board assembly

This paper describes the development and evaluation of a custom application exploring the use of genetic algorithms (GA) to solve a component placement sequencing problem for printed circuit board (PCB) assembly. In the assembly of PCB’s, the component placement process is often the bottleneck, and the equipment to complete component placement is often the largest capital investment. The number of components placed on a PCB can range from few to hundreds. As a result, developing an application to determine an optimal or near-optimal placement sequence can translate into reduced cycle times for the overall assembly process and reduced assembly costs. A custom application was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of using GA’s to solve the component placement sequencing problem. A designed experiment was used to determine the best representation and crossover type, crossover rate, and mutation rate to use in solving a component sequencing problem for a PCB consisting of 10 components being placed on a single-headed placement machine. Three different representations (path, ordinal, and adjacency) and six appropriate crossover types (partially mapped, ordered, cycle, classical, alternating edges, and heuristic) were evaluated at three different mutation rates and at 11 crossover rates. Two algorithm response variables, the total distance traveled by the placement head and the algorithm solution efficiency (measured as number of generations and algorithm solution time) were used to evaluate the different GA applications. The combination of representation and crossover type along with mutation rate were found to be the most significant parameters in the algorithm design. In particular, path representation with order crossover was found to produce the best solution as measured by the total distance traveled as well as the solution generation efficiency. Increasing the mutation rate led to slightly improved solutions in terms of head travel, but also resulted in increased solution time.     

A Cuckoo Search Detector Generation-based Negative Selection Algorithm

The negative selection algorithm (NSA) is an adaptive technique inspired by how the biological immune system discriminates the self from non-self. It asserts itself as one of the most important algorithms of the artificial immune system. A key element of the NSA is its great dependency on the random detectors in monitoring for any abnormalities. However, these detectors have limited performance. Redundant detectors are generated, leading to difficulties for detectors to effectively occupy the non-self space. To alleviate this problem, we propose the nature-inspired metaheuristic cuckoo search (CS), a stochastic global search algorithm, which improves the random generation of detectors in the NSA. Inbuilt characteristics such as mutation, crossover, and selection operators make the CS attain global convergence. With the use of Lévy flight and a distance measure, efficient detectors are produced. Experimental results show that integrating CS into the negative selection algorithm elevated the detection performance of the NSA, with an average increase of 3.52% detection rate on the tested datasets. The proposed method shows superiority over other models, and detection rates of 98% and 99.29% on Fisher’s IRIS and Breast Cancer datasets, respectively. Thus, the generation of highest detection rates and lowest false alarm rates can be achieved.     

Comparison of fuzzy implication operators by means of fuzzy relational products used for intelligent local path-planning of AUVs

This paper describes the best choice to fuzzy implication operator and α-cut that are proper to the heuristic search technique for real-time collision avoidance of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). A fuzzy implication operator is applied to the computation of fuzzy triangle product that constructs a new fuzzy relation between two fuzzy relations. An α-cut transforms a fuzzy relation into a crisp relation which is represented as a matrix. Those are the theoretical basis of heuristic search technique. In this paper, we review briefly our previous work—a heuristic search technique using fuzzy relational products for the collision avoidance system of AUVs, and propose the selection of a fuzzy implication operator and α-cut which are the most suitable for the search technique. In order to verify the optimality and the efficiency of the selected fuzzy implication operator and α-cut, we simulate every case of α-cut for each fuzzy implication operator in view of the cost of path and the number of α -cut generating acceptable path to the goal. This work was supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD) (KRF-2007-521-D00433).     

A novel hybrid multi-objective immune algorithm with adaptive differential evolution

In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid multi-objective immune algorithm with adaptive differential evolution, named ADE-MOIA, in which the introduction of differential evolution (DE) into multi-objective immune algorithm (MOIA) combines their respective advantages and thus enhances the robustness to solve various kinds of MOPs. In ADE-MOIA, in order to effectively cooperate DE with MOIA, we present a novel adaptive DE operator, which includes a suitable parent selection strategy and a novel adaptive parameter control approach. When performing DE operation, two parents are respectively picked from the current evolved and dominated population in order to provide a correct evolutionary direction. Moreover, based on the evolutionary progress and the success rate of offspring, the crossover rate and scaling factor in DE operator are adaptively varied for each individual. The proposed adaptive DE operator is able to improve both of the convergence speed and population diversity, which are validated by the experimental studies. When comparing ADE-MOIA with several nature-inspired heuristic algorithms, such as NSGA-II, SPEA2, AbYSS, MOEA/D-DE, MIMO and D²MOPSO, simulations show that ADE-MOIA performs better on most of 21 well-known benchmark problems.     

Statistical exploratory analysis of genetic algorithms

Genetic algorithms have been extensively used and studied in computer science, yet there is no generally accepted methodology for exploring which parameters significantly affect performance, whether there is any interaction between parameters, and how performance varies with respect to changes in parameters. This paper presents a rigorous yet practical statistical methodology for the exploratory study of genetic and other adaptive algorithms. This methodology addresses the issues of experimental design, blocking, power calculations, and response curve analysis. It details how statistical analysis may assist the investigator along the exploratory pathway. As a demonstration of our methodology, we describe case studies using four well-known test functions. We find that the effect upon performance of crossover is pre-dominantly linear, while the effect of mutation is predominantly quadratic. Higher order effects are noted but contribute less to overall behavior. In the case of crossover, both positive and negative gradients are found suggesting the use of a maximum crossover rate for some problems and its exclusion for others. For mutation, optimal rates appear higher compared with earlier recommendations in the literature, while supporting more recent work. The significance of interaction and the best values for crossover and mutation are problem specific.     

Hybrid adaptive differential evolution for mobile robot localization

This paper introduces a new evolutionary optimization algorithm named hybrid adaptive differential evolution (HADE) and applies it to the mobile robot localization problem. The behaviour of evolutionary algorithms is highly dependent on the parameter selection. This algorithm utilizes an adaptive method to tune the mutation parameter to enhance the rate of convergence and eliminate the need for manual tuning. A hybrid method for mutation is also introduced to give more diversity to the population. This method which constantly switches between two mutation schemes guarantees a sufficient level of diversity to avoid local optima. We use a well-known test set in continuous domain to evaluate HADE’s performance against the standard version of differential evolution (DE) and a self-adaptive version of the algorithm. The results show that HADE outperforms DE and self-adaptive DE in three of four benchmarks. Moreover, we investigate the performance of HADE in the well-known localization problem of mobile robots. Results show that HADE is capable of estimating the robot’s pose accurately with a decreased number of individuals needed for convergence compared with DE and particle swarm optimization methods. Comparative study exposes HADE algorithm as a competitive method for mobile robot localization.